Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments pp 483–532Cite as

Cadmium, Cd

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential and toxic element to animals and plants. In recent years, clear changes in the use of this element have been evident, which has resulted in reduced amounts of Cd being released into the environment. Despite the emissions of Cd gradually decreasing since the 1990s, its presence in different components of the environment is still a severe ecological and health problem. Cadmium, due to its short biological half-life period, acts as a cumulative poison. It shows an explicit tendency to bioaccumulate and even at low levels of exposure can accumulate in animal tissues, reaching values significant as toxic interactions. The highest concentrations of Cd are found in the tissues of free-ranging animals that live in the impact range of Cd emitters. Internal concentrations may even be up to dozens of times higher than in animals from nonpolluted areas. In the tissues of game animals, sometimes levels are found so high that they are rejected for human consumption. Such contamination in the environment causes not only numerous disorders within the organism itself but may also result in changes in the whole ecosystem, especially the negative effects of cadmium in reproductive disorders and increased infant mortality in animals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adriano DC (2001) Trace elements in terrestrial environments: biogeochemistry, bioavailability and risk of metals. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Al Sayegh Petkovšek S, Kopušar N, Kryštufek B (2014) Small mammals as biomonitors of metal pollution: a case study in Slovenia. Environ Monit Assess 186:4261–4274

    Google Scholar 

  • Al Sayegh Petkovšek S, Kopušar N, Tome D, Kryštufek B (2015) Risk assessment of metals and PAHs for receptor organisms in differently polluted areas in Slovenia. Sci Total Environ 532:404–414

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alleva E, Francia N, Pandolfi M, De Marinis AM, Chiarotti F, Santucci D (2006) Organochlorine and heavy-metal contaminants in wild mammals and birds of Urbino-Pesaro province, Italy: an analytic overview for potential bioindicators. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 51:123–134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alloway BJ (1995) Soil processes and the behaviour of metals. In: Alloway BJ (ed) Heavy metals in soils. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, pp 11–37

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Álvarez-Ayuso E, Otones V, Murciego A, García-Sánchez A, Santa Regina I (2013) Zinc, cadmium and thallium distribution in soils and plants of an area impacted by sphalerite-bearing mine wastes. Geoderma 207–208:25–34

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AMAP (2005) Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme. AMAP Assessment 2002: heavy metals in the Arctic, Oslo, p 265

    Google Scholar 

  • Amici A, Danieli P, Russo C, Primi R, Ronchi B (2012) Concentration of some toxic and trace elements in wild boar (Sus scrofa) organs and tissue in different areas of the province of Viterbo, Central Italy. Ital J Anim Sci 11:e65

    Google Scholar 

  • Angelo RT, Cringan MS, Chamberlain DL, Stahl AJ, Haslouer SG, Goodrich CA (2007) Residual effects of lead and zinc mining on freshwater mussels in the Spring River Basin (Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, USA). Sci Total Environ 384:467–496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aprioku JS, Ebenezer B, Ijomah MA (2014) Toxicological effects of cadmium during pregnancy in Wistar albino rats. Toxicol Environ Health Sci 6:16–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold S, Zarnke R, Lynn TV, Chimonas MA, Frank A (2006) Public health evaluation of cadmium concentrations in liver and kidney of moose (Alces alces) from four areas of Alaska. Sci Total Environ 357:103–111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ATSDR (2012) Toxicological profile for cadmium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

    Google Scholar 

  • Baran A, Czech T, Wieczorek J (2015) Chemical properties and toxicity of soils contaminated by mining activity. Ecotoxicology 23:1234–1244

    Google Scholar 

  • Berglund Å, Nyholm N (2011) Slow improvements of metal exposure, health- and breeding conditions of pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) after decreased industrial heavy metal emissions. Sci Total Environ 409:4326–4334

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berglund Å, Koivula M, Eeva T (2011) Species- and age-related variation in metal exposure and accumulation of two passerine bird species. Environ Pollut 159:2368–2374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Betha R, Pradani M, Lestari P, Joshi U, Reid J, Balasubramanian R (2013) Chemical speciation of trace metals emitted from Indonesian peat fires for health risk assessment. Atmos Res 122:571–578

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bilandžić N, Deždek D, Sedak M, Dokić M, Simić B, Rudan N et al (2012a) Trace elements in tissues of wild carnivores and omnivores in Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 88:94–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Dokić M, Šimić B (2012b) Heavy metal concentration in tissues of wild boar of continental Croatia. Int J Environ Prot 2:6–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Binkowski Ł, Sawicka-Kapusta K (2015) Cadmium concentrations and their implications in Mallard and Coot from fish pond areas. Chemosphere 119:620–625

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bird G, Brewer P, Macklin M, Balteanu D, Driga B, Serban M, Zaharia S (2003) The impact and significance of metal mining activities on the environmental quality of Romanian river systems. In: CCMESI (ed) Proceedings of the First International Conference on Environmental Research and Assessment, Bucharest, Romania. University of Bucharest, pp 316–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Blagojević J, Jovanović V, Stamenković G, Jojić V, Bugarski-Stanojević V, Adnađević T, Vujošević M (2012) Age differences in bioaccumulation of heavy metals in populations of the black-striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius (Rodentia, Mammalia). Int J Environ Res 6:1045–1052

    Google Scholar 

  • Bojakowska I (2009) Kadm w surowcach mineralnych polski i jego potencjalna emisja do środowiska. Ochrona Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 40:22–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford G, Change A, Page A, Bakhtar D, Frampton JA, Wright H (1996) Background concentrations of trace and major elements in California soils. Kearney Foundation of Soil Science, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Riverside, pp 1–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Braeuer S, Čadková Z, Száková J, Tlustoš P, Goessler W (2015, 22–26 Febuary) Wild small terrestrial mammals as possible bioindicators for trace element levels in the environment. In: Abstracts of the European Winet Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Münster

    Google Scholar 

  • Brekken A, Steinnes E (2004) Seasonal concentrations of cadmium and zinc in native pasture plants: consequences for grazing animals. Sci Total Environ 326:181–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bridges C, Zalups R (2005) Molecular and ionic mimicry and the transport of toxic metals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 204:274–308

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bukovjan K, Toman A, Kutlvašr K, Marada P, Kodet R, Sláma P, Křikava L (2014) Contents of chemical elements in tissues of European badger (Meles meles) affected by ovarian tumour: a case report. Acta Vet Brno 83:139–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burger J (1994) Heavy metals in avian eggshells: another excretion method. J Toxicol Environ Health 41(2):207–220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burger J, Gochfeld M (1991) Cadmium and lead in common terns (Aves: Sterna hirundo): Relationship between levels in parents and eggs. Environ Monit Assess 16:253–258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burger J, Fossi C, McClellan-Green P, Orlando EF (2007) Methodologies, bioindicators, and biomarkers for assessing gender-related differences in wildlife exposed to environmental chemicals. Environ Res 104:135–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butterman WC, Plachy J (2002) Mineral Commodity Profiles: Cadmium. USGS Open-File Report 2002-238. pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-238/of02-238.pdf

  • Cain BW, Sileo L, Franson L, Moore J (1983) Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings. Environ Res 32:286–297

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell PGC (2006) Cadmium – a priority pollutant. Environ Chem 3:387–388

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carneiro M, Colaço B, Brandão R, Ferreira C, Santos N, Soeiro V et al (2014) Biomonitoring of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, and Pb) and metalloid (As) with the Portuguese common buzzard (Buteo buteo). Environ Monit Assess 186:7011–7021

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CEIP (2015) Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections. Trend tables. http://www.ceip.at/ms/ceip_home1/ceip_home/status_reporting/2015_submissions/

  • Čelechovská O, Literák I, Ondruš S, Pospíšil Z (2006) Heavy metals in brown bears from the Central European Carpathians. Acta Vet Brno 75:501–506

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Čelechovská O, Malota L, Zima S (2008) Entry of heavy metals into food chains: a 20-year comparison study in Northern Moravia (Czech Republic). Acta Vet Brno 77:645–652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen TB, Zheng YM, Chen H, Zheng GD (2004) Background concentrations of soil heavy metals in Beijing. Huan Jing Ke Xue 25:117–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Cherian MG (1983) Absorption and tissue distribution of cadmium in mice after chronic feeding with cadmium chloride and cadmium-metallothionein. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 30:33–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cikrt M, Tichý M (1974) Excretion of cadmium through bile and intestinal wall in rats. Br J Ind Med 31:134–139

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costa RA, Eeva T, Eira C, Vaqueiro J, Vingada JV (2013) Assessing heavy metal pollution using Great Tits (Parus major): feathers and excrements from nestlings and adults. Environ Monit Assess 185:5339–5344

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crévecoeur S, Debacker V, Joaquim-Justo C, Gobert S, Scippo M-L, Dejonghe W et al (2011) Groundwater quality assessment of one former industrial site in Belgium using a TRIAD-like approach. Environ Poll 159:2461–2466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Custer T, Cox E, Gray B (2004) Trace elements in moose (Alces alces) found dead in Northwestern Minnesota, USA. Sci Total Environ 330:81–87

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dailey RN, Raisbeck MF, Siemion RS, Cornish TE (2008) Liver metal concentrations in Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). J Wildl Dis 44:494–498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Damek-Poprawa M, Sawicka-Kapusta K (2003) Damage to the liver, kidney, and testis with reference to burden of heavy metals in yellow-necked mice from areas around steelworks and zinc smelters in Poland. Toxicology:126:1–126:12610

    Google Scholar 

  • Dauwe T, Bervoets L, Janssens E, Pinxten R, Blust R, Eens M (2002) Great and blue tit feathers as biomonitors for heavy metal pollution. Ecol Indic 1:227–234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dauwe T, Janssens E, Bervoets L, Blust R, Eens M (2005) Heavy-metal concentrations in female laying great tits (Parus major) and their clutches. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 49:249–256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Vos W, Tarvainen T, Salminen R, Reeder S, De Vivo B, Demetriades A et al (2006) Geochemical atlas of Europe. Part 2, Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng H, Zhang Z, Chang C, Wang Y (2007) Trace metal concentration in Great Tit (Parus major) and Greenfinch (Carduelis sinica) at the Western Mountains of Beijing, China. Environ Pollut 148:620–626

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dip R, Stieger C, Deplazes P, Hegglin D, Müller U, Dafflon O et al (2001) Comparison of heavy metal concentrations in tissues of red foxes from adjacent urban, suburban, and rural areas. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 40:551–556

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dragović S, Mihailović N, Gajić B (2008) Heavy metals in soils: distribution, relationship with soil characteristics and radionuclides and multivariate assessment of contamination sources. Chemosphere 72:491–495

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DTSC (2009, February 24) HERD EcoNOTE 6: Cadmium – Currently Recommended U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 9 Biological Technical Assistance Group (BTAG) Mammalian and Avian Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs)

    Google Scholar 

  • Durkalec M, Szkoda J, Kołacz R, Opalinski S, Nawrocka A, Zmudzki J (2015) Bioaccumulation of lead, cadmium and mercury in roe deer and wild boars from areas with different levels of toxic metal pollution. Int J Environ Res 9:205–212

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EC 1881/2006 Commission Regulation (CE) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006. Setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:364:0005:0024:EN:PDF

  • ECB (2005) Risk assessment: cadmium metal/cadmium oxide. Final, but not adopted version of December 2005. European Chemicals Bureau, Ispra, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • EEA (2015) European Union emission inventory report 1990–2013 under the UNECE convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP). Copenhagen, Denmark

    Google Scholar 

  • Eeva T, Lehikoinen E (2015) Long-term recovery of clutch size and egg shell quality of the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) in a metal polluted area. Environ Pollut 201:26–33

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eira C, Torres J, Vingadab J, Miquela J (2005) Concentration of some toxic elements in Oryctolagus cuniculus and in its intestinal cestode Mosgovoyia ctenoides, in Dunas de Mira (Portugal). Sci Total Environ 346:81–86

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elkin BT, Bethke RW (1995) Environmental contaminants in caribou in the northwest territories, Canada. Sci Total Environ 160-161:307–321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EPA (2009) Cadmium Compounds. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/hlthef/cadmium.html

  • Eriksson H, Edberg F, Borg H (2003) Effects of forest fire and fire-fighting operations on water chemistry in Tyresta National Park, Stockholm, Sweden. J Phys IV 107(I):427–430. https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faiz Y, Tufail M, Tayyeb Javeda M, Chaudhrya MM, Siddique N (2009) Road dust pollution of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn along Islamabad Expressway, Pakistan. Microchem J 92:186–192

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fergusson JE, Kim ND (1991) Trace elements in street and house dusts: sources and speciation. Sci Total Environ 100:125–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández AJ, Aboal JR, González XI, Carballeira A (2012) Transfer and bioaccumulation variability of Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Ni and Pb in TROPHIC compartments of terrestrial ecosystems in Northern Spain. Fresenius Environ Bull 21:3527–3532

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira A, Garcia P, Camarinho R, dos Santos Rodrigues A (2015) Volcanogenic pollution and testicular damage in wild mice. Chemosphere 132:135–141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferri R, Hashim D, Smith DR, Guazzetti S, Donna F, Ferretti E et al (2015) Metal contamination of home garden soils and cultivated vegetables in the province of Brescia, Italy: implications for human exposure. Sci Total Environ 518–519C:507–517

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finkelman RB (1993) Trace and minor elements in coal. In: Engel MH, Macko SA (eds) Organic geochemistry. Plenum, New York, pp 593–607

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Fourie F, Reinecke SA, Reinecke AJ (2007) The determination of earthworm species sensitivity differences to cadmium genotoxicity using the comet assay. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 67:361–368

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank A, Danielsson UR, Jones B (2000) The ‘mysterious’ disease in Swedish moose. Concentrations of trace elements in liver and kidneys and clinical chemistry. Comparison with experimental molybdenosis and copper deficiency in the goat. Sci Total Environ 249:107–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch C, Cosson RP, Cœurdassier M, Raoul F, Giraudoux P, Crini N et al (2010) Responses of wild small mammals to a pollution gradient: host factors influence metal and metallothionein levels. Environ Pollut 158:827–840

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch C, Cœurdassier M, Giraudoux P, Raoul F, Douay F, Rieffel D et al (2011) Spatially explicit analysis of metal transfer to biota: influence of soil contamination and landscape. PLoS One 6:e20682

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch C, Coeurdassier M, Faivre B, Baurand PE, Giraudoux P, van den Brink NW, Scheifler R (2012) Influence of landscape composition and diversity on contaminant flux in terrestrial food webs: a case study of trace metal transfer to European blackbirds Turdus merula. Sci Total Environ 432:275–287

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furness RW (1996) Cadmium in birds. In: Beyer WN, Heinz GH, Redmon-Norwood AW (eds) Environmental contaminants in wildlife: interpreting tissue concentrations. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 389–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Gall JE, Boyd RS, Rajakarunaet N (2015) Transfer of heavy metals through terrestrial food webs: a review. Environ Monit Assess 187:201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamberg M, Braune BM (1999) Contaminant residue levels in arctic wolves (Canis lupus) from the Yukon Territory, Canada. Sci Total Environ 243–244:329–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gamberg M, Boila G, Stern G, Roach P (2005) Cadmium, mercury and selenium concentrations in mink (Mustela vison) from Yukon, Canada. Sci Total Environ 351–352:523–529

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • García-Fernandez AJ, Sanchez-Garcia JA, Jimenez-Montalban P, Luna A (1995) Lead and cadmium in wild birds in southeastern Spain. Environ Toxicol Chem 14:2049–2058

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García-Fernández AJ, Sanchez-Garcia JA, Gomez-Zapata M, Luna A (1996) Distribution of cadmium in blood and tissues of wild birds. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 30:252–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Morales P, Saceda M, Kenney N, Kim N, Salomon DS, Gottardis MM et al (1994) Effect of cadmium on estrogen receptor levels and estrogen-induced responses in human breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 269:16896–16901

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goyer RA, Liu J, Waalkes MP (2004) Cadmium and cancer of prostate and testis. Biometals 17:555–558

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grant CA, Sheppard SC (2008) Fertilizer impacts on cadmium availability in agricultural soils and crops. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 14:210–228

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Groten JP, Koeman JH, van Nesselrooij JH, Luten JB, Fentener van Vlissingen JM, Stenhuis WS, van Bladeren PJ (1994) Comparison of renal toxicity after long-term oral administration of cadmium chloride and cadmium-metallothionein in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 23:544–552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grove RA, Henny CJ (2008) Environmental contaminants in male river otters from Oregon and Washington, USA, 1994–1999. Environ Monit Assess 145:49–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haffor AS, Abou-Tarboush FM (2004) Testicular cellular toxicity of cadmium: transmission electron microscopy examination. J Environ Biol 3:251–258

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamers T, Smit LAM, Bosveld ATC, van den Berg JH, Koeman JH, van Schooten FJ, Murk AJ (2002) Lack of a distinct gradient in biomarker responses in small mammals collected at different distances from a highway. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43:345–355

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamers T, van den Berg JHJ, van Gestel CAM et al (2006) Risk assessment of metals and organic pollutants for herbivorous and carnivorous small mammal food chains in a polluted floodplain (Biesbosch, The Netherlands). Environ Pollut 144:581–595

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hassan AA, Rylander C, Brustad M, Sandanger TM (2012) Level of selected toxic elements in meat, liver, tallow and bone marrow of young semi-dometicated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) from Northern Norway. Int J Circumpolar Health 71:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heikens A, Peijnenburgb W, Hendriks A (2001) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in terrestrial invertebrates. Environ Pollut 113:385–393

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helios-Rybicka E, Adamiec E, Aleksander-Kwaterczak U (2005) Distribution of trace metals in the Odra River system: water–suspended matter–sediments. Limnol Ecol Manag Inl Wat (3):185–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Henley R, Berger B (2013) Nature’s refineries—metals and metalloids in arc volcanoes. Earth-Sci Rev 125:146–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herber R (2004) Cadmium. In: Merian E, Anke M, Ihnat M, Stoeppler M (eds) Elements and their compounds in the environment. Wiley, Weinheim, pp 689–708

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hernández-Moreno D, de la Casa Resino I, Fidalgo L, Llaneza L, Soler Rodríguez F, Pérez-López M, López-Beceiro A (2013) Noninvasive heavy metal pollution assessment by means of Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus) hair from Galicia (NW Spain): a comparison with invasive samples. Environ Monit Assess 185:10421–10430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hew KW, Ericson WA, Welsh MJ (1993) A single low cadmium dose causes failure of spermiation in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 121:15–21

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiratsuka H, Satoh S, Satoh M, Katsuki Y, Suzuki J, Nakagawa J et al (1999) Tissue distribution of cadmium in rats given minimum amounts of cadmium-polluted rice or cadmium chloride for 8 months. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 160:183–191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holmgren GGS, Meyer MW, Chaney RL, Daniels RB (1993) Cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and nickel in agricultural soils of the United States of America. J Environ Qual 22:335–348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter BA, Johnson MS, Thompson DJ (1987) Ecotoxicology of copper and cadmium in a contaminated grassland ecosystem. III. Small mammals. J Appl Ecol 24:601–614

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter BA, Johnson MS, Thompson DJ (1989) Ecotoxicology of copper and cadmium in a contaminated grassland ecosystem. IV. Tissue distribution and age accumulation in small mammals. J Appl Ecol 26(1):89–99

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hyvärinen H, Tyni P, Nieminen P (2003) Effects of Moult, age, and sex on the accumulation of heavy metals in the Otter (Lutra lutra) in Finland. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 70:278–284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • IARC (1993) Cadmium and certain cadmium compounds. In: IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. Beryllium, cadmium, mercury and exposures in the glass manufacturing industry. IARC monographs, vol 58. World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, pp 119–236

    Google Scholar 

  • ICPDR (2002) Joint Danube survey, final report (p 261). International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, Vienna

    Google Scholar 

  • Idlafkih Z, Cossa D, Meybeck M (1995) Comportements des contaminants en trace dissous et particulaires (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) dans la Seine. Hydroecol Appl 7:127–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iguchi H, Sano S (1982) Effect of cadmium on the bone collagen metabolism of rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 62:126–136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ilyin I, Rozovskaya O, Travnikov O, M. Varygina (2015) Heavy metals: analysis of long-term trends, country-specific research and progress in mercury regional and global modeling. EMEP Status Report 2/2015. http://www.msceast.org/index.php/reports

  • Islam F, Majumder SS, Al Mamun A, Khan B, Rahman MA, Salam A (2015) Trace metals concentrations at the atmosphere particulate matters in the Southeast Asian Mega City (Dhaka, Bangladesh). Open J Air Pollut 4:86–98

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jager LP, Rijnierse VJ, Esselink H, Baars AJ (1996) Biomonitoring with the buzzard Buteo buteo in the Netherlands: heavy metals and sources of variation. J Ornithol 137:295–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joseph P (2009) Mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 238:272–279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kabata-Pendias H (2001) Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL

    Google Scholar 

  • Kabata-Pendias A, Pendias H (1999) Biogeochemia pierwiastków śladowych, PWN Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Kabata-Pendias A, Szteke B (2012) Pierwiastki śladowe w geo- i biosferze. JUNG-BIB, Puławy, pp 91–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalisińska E, Salicki W, Mysłek P, Kavestka K, Jackowski A (2004) Using the Mallard to biomonitor heavy metal contamination of wetlands in north-western Poland. Sci Total Environ 320:145–161

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalisińska E, Budis H, Wilk A, Łanocha N, Jackowski A (2009) Lead and cadmium in kidney and liver of nocturnal and diurnal raptors. Ochr Śr Zasobów Nat 41:102–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Kang S, Kang JH, Kim S, Lee SH, Lee S, HJ Y et al (2015) Trace element analysis of three tissues from Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in South Korea. Ecotoxicology 24:1064–1072

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim J, Oh JM (2015) Comparison of trace element concentrations in grey heron and black-crowned night heron chicks. Environ Monit Assess 187:4124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim S, Cheon HS, Kim SY, Juhnn Y, Kim YY (2013) Cadmium induces neuronal cell death through reactive oxygen species activated by GADD153. BMC Cell Biol 14:4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kjellström T, Nordberg GF (1985) Kinetic model of cadmium metabolism. In: Friberg L, Elinder CG, Kjellström T et al (eds) Cadmium and health: a toxicological and epidemiological appraisal, Exposure, dose and metabolism, vol I. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 179–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Klassen CD, Liu J, Choudhuri S (1999) Metallothionein: an intracelluar protein to protect against cadmium toxicity. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 39:267–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klavinš M, Briede A, Rodinov V, Kokorite I, Parele E, Kļaviņa I (2000) Heavy metals in rivers of Latvia. Sci Total Environ 262:175–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kortenski J, Sotirov A (2002) Occurrence and distribution of environmentally hazardous elements in the Katrishte lignite bed, Strouma-Mesta Province, Bulgaria. Environ Geosci 9:191–199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kośla T, Skibniewska EM, Skibniewski M (2008) Evaluation of cadmium content in the kidneys and liver of European bisons from the Białowieża forest. Med Weter 64:1129–1131

    Google Scholar 

  • Kottferová J, Koréneková B (2000) Game as an indicator of environmental pollution by cadmium and lead. J Trace Microprobe Tech 18:571–575

    Google Scholar 

  • Kramárová M, Massányi P, Slamecka J, Tataruch F, Jancová A, Gasparik J et al (2005) Distribution of cadmium and lead in liver and kidney of some wild animals in Slovakia. J Environ Sci Health Part A 40:593–600

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krawczyk AJ, Bogdziewicz M, Czyż M (2013) Diet of the American mink Neovison vison in an agricultural landscape in western Poland. Folia Zool 62:303–309

    Google Scholar 

  • Lafuente A, Márquez N, Pérez-Lorenzo M, Pazo D, Esquifino AI (2001) Cadmium effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in male rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 226:605–611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Łanocha N, Kalisińska E, Kosik-Bogacka D, Budis H, Sokolowski S, Bohatyrewicz A (2013) Comparison of metal concentrations in bones of long-living mammals. Biol Trace Elem Res 152:195–203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larison JR (2002) Effects of cadmium on white-tailed ptarmigan in Colorado. http://fs.ogm.utah.gov/pub/MINES/AMR_Related/NAAMLP/BioVeg/Larison.pdf

  • Lazarus M, Orct T, Blanuša M, Vickovic I, Sostarić B (2008) Toxic and essential metal concentrations in four tissues of red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Baranja, Croatia. Food Add Contam 25:270–283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus M, Crnić AP, Bilandžić N, Kusak J, Reljić S (2014) Cadmium, lead, and mercury exposure assessment among Croatian consumers of free-living game. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 65:281–292

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leach RM Jr, Wang KW, Baker DE (1979) Cadmium and the food chain: the effect of dietary cadmium on tissue composition in chicks and laying hens. J Nutr 109:437–443

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lehman LD, Klaassen CD (1986) Dosage-dependent disposition of cadmium administered orally to rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 84:159–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lemarchand C, Rosoux R, Berny P (2010) Organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, heavy metals and anticoagulant rodenticides in tissues of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from upper Loire River catchment (France). Chemosphere 80:1120–1124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levengood JM (2003) Cadmium and lead in tissues of Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Wood Ducks (Aix sponsa) using the Illinois River (USA). Environ Pollut 122:177–181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li JL, Gao R, Li S, Wang JT, Wang JT, Tang ZX, Xu SW (2010) Testicular toxicity induced by dietary cadmium in cocks and ameliorative effect by selenium. Biometals 23:695–705

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Limaye DA, Shaikh ZA (1999) Cytotoxicity of cadmium and characteristics of its transport in cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 154:59–66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindqvist L, Block M, Tjälve H (1995) Distribution and excretion of Cd, Hg, methyl-Hg and Zn in the predatory beetle Pterostichus niger (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Environ Toxicol Chem 14:1195–1201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linšak DT, Linšak Z, Spirić Z, Srebočan E, Glad M, Cenov A (2014) Influence of cadmium on metallothionein expression and products of lipid peroxidation in the organs of hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas). J Appl Toxicol 34:289–295

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lourenço J, Pereira R, Gonçalves F, Mendo S (2013) Metal bioaccumulation, genotoxicity and gene expression in the European wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) inhabiting an abandoned uranium mining area. Sci Total Environ 443:673–680

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucia M, Andre JM, Gonzalez P, Baudrimont M, Bernadet MD, Gontier K (2010) Effects of dietary cadmium contamination on bird Anas platyrhynchos—comparison with species Cairina moschata. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 73:2010–2016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallory ML, Wayland M, Braune BM, Drouillard KG (2004) Trace elements in marine birds, arctic hare and ringed seals breeding near Qikiqtarjuaq, Nunavut, Canada. Mar Pollut Bull 49:119–141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann RM, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg W (2011) Metals and metalloids in terrestrial systems: bioaccumulation, biomagnification and subsequent adverse effects. In: Sánchez-Bayo F, van den Brink P, Mann R (eds) Ecological impacts of toxic chemicals, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, Beijing, China, pp 43-62

    Google Scholar 

  • Markowski M, Bańbura M, Kaliński A, Markowski J, Skwarska J, Wawrzyniak J et al (2014) Spatial and temporal variation of lead, cadmium, and zinc in feathers of great tit and blue tit nestlings in central Poland. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 67:507–518

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martiniakova M, Omelka R, Jancova A, Formicki G, Stawarz R, Bauerova M (2012) Accumulation of risk elements in kidney, liver, testis, uterus and bone of free-living wild rodents from a polluted area in Slovak. J Environ Sci Health Part A 47:1202–1206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matsubara-Khan J (1974) Compartmental analysis for the evaluation of biological half-lives of cadmium and mercury in mouse organs. Environ Res 7:54–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayack LA (2012) Hepatic mercury, cadmium and lead in mink and otter from New York State: monitoring environmental contamination. Environ Monit Assess 184:2497–2516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayack LA, Bush P, Fetcher O, Page RK, Fendley TT (1981) Tissues residues of dietary cadmium in wood ducks. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 10:637–645

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McBride MB, Shayler HA, Spliethoff HM, Mitchell RG, Marquez-Bravo LG, Ferenz GS et al (2014) Concentrations of lead, cadmium and barium in urban garden-grown vegetables: the impact of soil variables. Environ Pollut 194:254–261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Metcheva R, Teodorova S, Topashka-Ancheva M (2003) A comparative analysis of the heavy metal loading of small mammals in different regions of Bulgaria I: monitoring points and bioaccumulation features. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 54:176–187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michailova P, Petrova N, Bovero S, Caviccioli O, Ramella L, Sella G (2000) Effect of environmental pollution on the chromosomal variability of Chironomus riparius Meigen (Diptera, Chironomidae) larvae from two Piedmont stations. Genetica 108:171–180

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Micó C, Recatalá L, Peris M, Sánchez J (2006) Assessing heavy metal sources in agricultural soils of an European Mediterranean area by multivariate analysis. Chemosphere 65:863–872

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mierzykowski SE, Todd CS (2012) Environmental contaminants in a crossed bill bald eagle recovered in Maine. USFWS. Special Project Report, FY12-MEFO-3-EC. Maine Field Office. Orono, ME, 28 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Millaku L, Imeri R, Trebicka A (2015) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in tissues of house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Res J Environ Toxicol (2):107–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Millán J, Mateo R, Taggart MA, López-Bao JV, Viota M, Monsalve L et al (2008) Levels of heavy metals and metalloids in critically endangered Iberian lynx and other wild carnivores from Southern Spain. Sci Total Environ 399:193–201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milton A, Cooke JA, Johnson MS (2003) Accumulation of lead, zinc, and cadmium in a wild population of Clethrionomys glareolus from an abandoned lead mine. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 44:405–411

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mochizuki M, Hondo R, Kumon K, Sasaki R, Matsuba H, Ueda F (2002) Cadmium contamination in wild birds as an indicator of environmental pollution. Environ Monit Assess 73:229–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mochizuki M, Mori M, Hondo R, Ueda F (2008) A new index for evaluation of cadmium pollution in birds ans mammals. Environ Monit Assess 137:35–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molnár A, Mészáros E, Polyák K, Borbély-Kiss I, Koltay E, Szabó G, Horváth Z (1995) Atmospheric budget of different elements in aerosol particles over Hungary. Atmos Environ 29:1821–1828

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrow H (2001) Cadmium and cadmium alloys. In: Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, pp 471-507

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy RD, Smith AL, Todd SL, Elpers JT, Radde BN, Klinge CM et al (2012) The endocrine disruptors cadmium chloride and sodium arsenate induce human lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation by activating the estrogen receptor-mediated signaling pathway. FASEB J 26(suppl 1):765.3

    Google Scholar 

  • Mussali-Galante P, Tovar-Sánchez E, Valverde M, Rojas Del Castillo E (2013) Biomarkers of exposure for assessing environmental metal pollution: from molecules to ecosystems. Rev Int Contam Ambient 29:117–140

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mysłek P, Kalisińska E (2006) Contents of selected heavy metals in the liver, kidneys and abdominal muscle of the brown hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) in Central Pomerania, Poland. Pol J Vet Sci 9:31–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Naccari C, Cristani M, Cimino F, Arcoraci T, Trombetta D (2009) Common buzzards (Buteo buteo) bioindicator of heavy metals pollution in Sicily (Italy). Environ Int 35:594–598

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nesterkova DV, Vorobeichik EL, Reznichenko IS (2014) The effect of heavy metals on the soil-earthworm-European mole food chain under the conditions of environmental pollution caused by the emissions of a copper smelting plant. Contemp Probl Ecol 7:587–596

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nordberg FG (2009) Historical perspectives on cadmium toxicology. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 238:192–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orłowski G, Kamiński P, Kasprzykowski Z, Zawada Z, Koim-Puchowska B, Szady-Grad M, Klawe JJ (2012) Essential and nonessential elements in nestling rooks Corvus frugilegus from eastern Poland with a special emphasis on their high cadmium contamination. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 63:601–611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orłowski G, Kasprzykowski Z, Dobicki W, Pokorny P, Wuczyński A, Polechoński R, Mazgajski TD (2014) Residues of chromium, nickel, cadmium and lead in rook Corvus frugilegus eggshells from urban and rural areas of Poland. Sci Total Environ 490:1057–1064

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pacyna JM, Pacyna EG (2001) An assessment of global and regional emissions of trace metals to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources worldwide. Environ Rev 9:269–298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pan J, Plant J, Voulvoulis N, Oates CJ, Ihlenfeld C (2010) Cadmium levels in Europe implications for human health. Environ Geochem Health 32:1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S, Lierhagen S (2006) Heavy metal accumulation in arctic hares (Lepus arcticus) in Nunavut, Canada. Sci Total Environ 368:951–955

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira R, Pereira ML, Ribeiro R, Gonçalves F (2006) Tissue and hair residues and histopathology in wild rats (Rattus rattus L.) and Algerian mice (Mus spretus Lataste) from an abandoned mine area (Southeast Portugal). Environ Pollut 139:561–575

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pérez-López M, Hermoso De Mendoza M, Soler Rodríguez F (2008) Heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Zn) and metalloid (As) content in raptor species from Galicia (NW Spain). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 70:154–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson JM (2001) Cadmium. http://hpschapters.org/northcarolina/NSDS/cadmium.pdf. Accessed 22 Aug 2015

  • Petrović Z, Teodorović V, Djurić S, Milićević D, Vranić D, Lukić M (2014) Cadmium and mercury accumulation in European hare (Lepus europaeus): age-dependent relationships in renal and hepatic tissue. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:14058–14068

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piskorová L, Vasilková Z, Krupicer I (2003) Heavy metal residues in tissues of wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the Central Zemplin region of the Slovak Republic. Czech J Anim Sci 48:134–138

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollock B (2005) Trace elements status of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and moose (Alces alces) in Nova Scotia. Wildlife Damage Management, Internet Center for Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters & Publications, University of Nebraska–Lincoln

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollock B, Penashue B, Scott MV, Vanleeuwen J, Daoust PY, Burgess NM, Tasker AR (2009) Liver parasites and body condition in relation to environmental contaminants in caribou (Rangifer tarandus) from Labrador, Canada. Arctic 62:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Protano CL, Zinna S, Giampaoli V, Romano Spica V, Chiavarini S, Vitali M (2014) Heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks in rivers: a case study from southern Italy. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 92:75–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Querol X, Cabrera LI, Pickel W, López-Solera A, Hagemannc HW, Fernández-Turiela JL (1996) Geological controls on the coal quality of the Mequinenza subbituminous coal deposit, northeast Spain. Int J Coal Geol 29:67–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reimann C, de Caritat P (1998) Chemical elements in the environment. Factsheets for the Geochemist and Environmental Scientist. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 398 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Reimann C, Finne TE, Nordgulen R, Sæthera OM, Arnoldussen A, Banks D (2009) The influence of geology and land-use on inorganic stream water quality in the Oslo region, Norway. Appl Geochem 24:1862–1874

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reimann C, de Caritat P, GEMAS Project Team, NGSA Project Team (2012) New soil composition data for Europe and Australia: demonstrating comparability, identifying continental-scale processes and learning lessons for global geochemical mapping. Sci Total Environ 416:239–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson ME, Fox MR (1974) Dietary cadmium and enteropathy in the Japanese quail: histochemical and ultrastructural studies. Lab Invest 31:722–731

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robillard S, Beauchamp G, Paillard G, Bélanger D (2002) Levels of cadmium, lead, mercury and 137caesium in caribou (Rangifer tarandus) tissues from Northern Québec. Arctic 55:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Estival J, Taggart MA, Mateo R (2011) Alterations in vitamin A and E levels in liver and testis of wild ungulates from a lead mining area. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 60:361–371

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romic M, Romic D (2003) Heavy metals distribution in agricultural topsoils in urban area. Environ Geol 43:795–805

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roodbergen M, Klok C, van der Hout A (2008) Transfer of heavy metals in the food chain earthworm Black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa): comparison of a polluted and a reference site in The Netherlands. Sci Total Environ 406:407–412

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rusch GM, O’Grodnick JS, Rinehart WE (1986) Acute inhalation study in rat of comparative uptake, distribution and excretion of different cadmium containing materials. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 47:754–763

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryšavá-Nováková M, Koubek P (2009) Feeding habits of two sympatric mustelid species, European polecat Mustela putorius and stone marten Martes foina, in the Czech Republic. Folia Zool 58:66–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Sacco-Gibson N, Chaudhry S, Brock A, Sickles AB, Patel B, Hegstad R et al (1992) Cadmium effects on bone metabolism: accelerated resorption in ovariectomized, aged beagles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 113:274–283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salvatori F, Talassi CB, Salzgeber SA, Spinosa HS, Bernardi MM (2004) Embryotoxic and long-term effects of cadmium exposure during embryogenesis in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 26:673–680

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samuel JB, Stanley JA, Princess RA, Shanthi P, Sebastian MS (2011) Gestational cadmium exposure-induced ovotoxicity delays puberty through oxidative stress and impaired steroid hormone levels. J Med Toxicol 7:195–204

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez-Chardi A, Peñarroja-Matutano C, Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Nadal J (2007) Bioaccumulation of metals and effects of a landfill in small mammals. Part II. The wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus. Chemosphere 70:101–109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheifler R, De Vaufleury A, Coeurdassier M, Crini N, Badot PM (2006) Transfer of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in a soil-plant-invertebrate food chain: a microcosm study. Environ Toxicol Chem 25:815–822

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheirs J, De Coen A, Covaci A, Beernaert J, Kayawe VM, Caturla M et al (2006) Genotoxicity in wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) along a pollution gradient: exposure-, age-, and gender-related effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 25:2154–2162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheuhammer AM (1987) The chronic toxicity of aluminum, cadmium, mercury, and lead in birds: a review. Environ Pollut 46:263–295

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schipper AM, Wijnhoven S, Baveco H, van den Brink NW (2012) Contaminant exposure in relation to spatio-temporal variation in diet composition: a case study of the little owl (Athene noctua). Environ Pollut 163:109–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder HA, Mitchener M (1971) Toxic effects of trace elements on the reproduction of mice and rats. Arch Environ Health 23:102–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • See SW, Balasubramanian R, Rianawati E, Karthikeyan S, Streets DG (2007) Characterization and source apportionment of particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in Sumatra, Indonesia during a recent peat fire episode. Environ Sci Technol 41:3488–3494

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shao X, Cheng H, Li Q, Lin C (2013) Anthropogenic atmospheric emissions of cadmium in China. Atmos Environ 79:155–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shore RF, Douben PET (1994) The ecological significance of cadmium intake and residues in terrestrial small mammals. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 29:101–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shore RF, Casulli A, Bologov V, Wienburg CL, Afsar A, Toyne P, Dell’Omo G (2001) Organochlorine pesticide, polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metal concentrations in wolves (Canis lupus L. 1758) from north-west Russia. Sci Total Environ 280:45–54

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shridhar V, Khillare PS, Agarwal T, Ray S (2010) Metallic species in ambient particulate matter at rural and urban location of Delhi. J Hazard Mater 175:600–607

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Six L, Smolders E (2014) Future trends in soil cadmium concentration under current cadmium fluxes to European agricultural soils. Sci Total Environ 485-486:319–328

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith GJ, Rongstad OJ (1982) Small mammal heavy metal concentrations from mined and controlled sites. Environ Pollut 28:121–134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stepanova VA, Pokrovsky OS, Viers J, Mironycheva-Tokareva NP, Kosykh NP, Vishnyakova EK (2015) Elemental composition of peat profiles in western Siberia: effect of the micro-landscape, latitude position and permafrost coverage. Appl Geochem 53:53–70

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stohs SJ, Bagchi D, Hassoun E, Bagchi M (2001) Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 20:77–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stricker GD, Flores RM, Trippi MH, Ellis MS, Olson CM, Sullivan JE et al (2007) Coal quality and major, minor, and trace elements in the Powder River, Green River, and Williston basins, Wyoming and North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1116, 31 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Szefer P (2002) Metals, metalloids and radionuclides in the Baltic Sea Ecosystem. Trace metals in the environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • Szymczyk K, Zalewski K (2003) Copper, zinc, lead and cadmium content in liver and muscles of mallards (Anas platyrhychnos) and other hunting fowl species in Warmia and Mazury in 1999-2000. Pol J Environ Stud 12:381–386

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taggart M, Reglero M, Camarero P, Mateo R (2011) Should legislation regarding maximum Pb and C levels in human food also cover large game meat? Environ Int 37:11–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tapisso J, Marques C, Mathias M Ramalhinho L (2009) Induction of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange in bone-marrow cells and abnormalities in sperm of Algerian mice (Mus spretus) exposed to cadmium, lead and zinc. Mutat Res 678:59–64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tête N, Afonso E, Bouguerra G, Scheifler R (2015) Blood parameters as biomarkers of cadmium and lead exposure and effects in wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) living along a pollution gradient. Chemosphere 138:940–946

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tolcin A (2011) Cadmium. In: 2011 Mineral Yearbook

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres J, Eira C, Miquel J, Foronda P, Feliu C (2011) Cadmium and lead concentrations in Moniliformis moniliformis (Acanthocephala) and Rodentolepis microstoma (Cestoda), and in their definitive hosts, Rattus rattus and Mus domesticus in El Hierro (Canary Archipelago, Spain). Acta Parasitol 56:320–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsipoura N, Burger J, Newhouse M, Jeitner C, Gochfeld M, Mizrahi D (2011) Lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, and arsenic levels in eggs, feathers, and tissues of Canada geese of the New Jersey Meadowlands. Environ Res 111:775–778

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tume P, Bech J, Reverter F, Bech J, Longan L, Tume L, Sepúlveda B (2011) Concentration and distribution of twelve metals in Central Catalonia surface soils. J Geochem Exp 109:92–103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • UNEP (2006) http://www.chem.unep.ch/Pb_and_Cd/WG/WG-meeting-documents.htm

  • UNEP (2010) Final review of scientific information on cadmium. http://www.unep.org/chemicalsandwaste/Portals/9/Lead_Cadmium/docs/Interim_reviews/UNEP_GC26_INF_11_Add_2_Final_UNEP_Cadmium_review_and_apppendix_Dec_2010.pdf

  • US EPA (2005) Ecological soil screening levels for cadmium. interim final. OSWER Directive 92857e65. US EPA office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, DC, 20460

    Google Scholar 

  • USGS (2014) Cadmium. In: Kelly TD, Matos GR (eds) Historical statistics for mineral and material commodities in the United States (2014 version): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 140, http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/historical-statistics/

  • Van den Brink N, Lammertsma D, Dimmers W, Boerwinkel MC, van der Hout A (2010) Effects of soil properties on food web accumulation of heavy metals to the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus). Environ Pollut 158:245–251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Brink N, Lammertsma D, Dimmers W, Boerwinkel MC (2011) Cadmium accumulation in small mammals: species traits, soil properties, and spatial habitat use. Environ Sci Technol 45:7497–7502

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanparys C, Dauwe T, Campenhout K, Bervoets L, De Coen W, Blust R, Eens M (2008) Metallothioneins and aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAd) as biomarkers of metal pollution in great tits (Parus major) along a pollution gradient. Sci Total Environ 401:184–193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veltman K, Huijbregts MAJ, Hamers T, Wijnhoven S, Hendriks AJ (2007a) Cadmium accumulation in herbivorous and carnivorous small mammals: meta-analysis of field data and validation of the bioaccumulation model optimal modeling for ecotoxicological applications. Environ Toxicol Chem 26:1488–1496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veltman K, Huijbregts MAJ, Hendriks AJ (2007b) Cadmium bioaccumulation factors for terrestrial species: application of the mechanistic bioaccumulation model OMEGA to explain field data. Sci Total Environ 406:413–418

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vihnanek Lazarus M, Sekovanić A, Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Orct T, Jurasović J, Kusak J et al (2013) Cadmium and lead in grey wolf liver samples: optimisation of a microwave-assisted digestion method. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 64:395–403

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waalkes MP, Rehm S, Cherian MG (2000) Repeated cadmium exposures enhance the malignant progression of ensuing tumors in rats. Toxicol Sci 54:110–120

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Hao M, Liua C, Liu R (2015) Cadmium induced apoptosis in mouse primary hepatocytes: the role of oxidative stress-mediated ERK pathway activation and the involvement of histone H3 phosphorylation. RSC Adv 5:31798–31806

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webster WS (1988) Chronic cadmium exposure during pregnancy in the mouse: influence of exposure levels on the fetal and maternal uptake. J Toxicol Environ Health 74:183–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2007) Health risks of heavy metals from long-range transboundary air pollution. Joint WHO/Convention Task Force on the Health Aspects of Air Pollution. www.euro.who.int/_data/assets/pdf.../E91044.pdf. Accessed 18 Dec 2007

  • Wieczorek-Dąbrowska M, Tomza-Marciniak A, Pilarczyk B, Balicka-Ramisz A (2013) Roe and red deer as bioindicators of heavy metals contamination in north-western Poland. Chem Ecol 29:100–110

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson AK, Bhattacharyya MH (1997) Effects of cadmium on bone: an in vivo model for the early response. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 145:68–74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Włostowski T, Bonda E, Krasowska A (2006) Free-ranging European bisons accumulate more cadmium in the liver and kidneys than domestic cattle in north-eastern Poland. Sci Total Environ 364:295–300

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Włostowski T, Krasowska A, Salińska A, Włostowska M (2009) Seasonal changes of body iron status determine cadmium accumulation in the wild bank voles. Biol Trace Elem Res 131:291–297

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu LC, Wang SY, Yang XF, Wang XR (2001) Effects of cadmium on rat sperm motility evaluated with computer assisted sperm analysis. Biomed Environ Sci 4:312–317

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu S, Pi H, Chen Y, Zhang N, Guo P, Lu Y et al (2013) Cadmium induced Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation by disturbing calcium homeostasis in its hepatotoxicity. Cell Death Dis 4:e540

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Chen D, Zhong T, Zhang X, Cheng M, Li X (2015) Assessment of cadmium (cd) concentration in arable soil in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:4932–4941

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zelenski M, Malik N, Taran Y (2014) Emissions of trace elements during the 2012–2013 effusive eruption of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka: enrichment factors, partition coefficients and aerosol contribution. J Volc Geoth Res 285:136–149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zielińska S, Pieniążek M, Dżugan M (2015) Changes in activity of acid hydrolases in tissues of wild pheasants induced by heavy metals. Ecol Chem Eng 22:93–101

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland

    Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak, Bogumiła Pilarczyk, Andrzej Marciniak, Jan Udała & Małgorzata Bąkowska

  2. Laboratory of Biostatistics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland

    Renata Pilarczyk

Authors
  1. Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bogumiła Pilarczyk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Andrzej Marciniak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jan Udała
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Małgorzata Bąkowska
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Renata Pilarczyk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland

    Elżbieta Kalisińska

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Tomza-Marciniak, A., Pilarczyk, B., Marciniak, A., Udała, J., Bąkowska, M., Pilarczyk, R. (2019). Cadmium, Cd. In: Kalisińska, E. (eds) Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00121-6_14

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation