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Qu’apporte la TMS aux neurosciences ?

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Apport des neurosciences à la psychiatrie clinique

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Résumé

Stimuler électriquement le cerveau à des fins thérapeutiques est une idée ancienne: les premières tentatives sont attribuées au médecin Scribonius Largus (en l’an 43 après Jésus-Christ) qui proposait de soigner migraines et maux de tête par des chocs électriques produits par l’application de poisson torpille sur le scalp. Au XV e siècle, Paracelsus soulignait l’effet potentiellement curatif du champ magnétique. Au XVIII e siècle, Charles Le Roy expérimente l’effet de stimulations électriques générées parw un fil électrique enroulé en spirale autour de la tête d’un sujet aveugle dans l’objectif de lui rendre la vision. L’objectif ne fut pas atteint, mais cette stimulation permit de générer des phosphènes montrant ainsi qu’une stimulation électrique non-invasive du cerveau pouvait modifier le fonctionnement cérébral transitoirement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de psychiatrie de l’adulte CIC-IT 808 Inserm - CHU de Besançon EA Neurosciences 481 SFR FED 4234, Université de Franche-Comté Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France

    E. Haffen

  2. Unité de psychiatrie de liaison et urgences/ECT-rTMS - Service de psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace 98000 Monaco. Inserm U 836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Équipe 11 «Fonctions cérébrales et neuromodulation», France

    D. Szekely

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Haffen, E., Szekely, D. (2014). Qu’apporte la TMS aux neurosciences ?. In: Apport des neurosciences à la psychiatrie clinique. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0505-4_7

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