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Approches électrophysiologique et physiologique

  • Chapter
Le cervelet

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Résumé

Le cervelet présente schématiquement deux étages interconnectés: le cortex et les noyaux profonds. Le cortex peut se concevoir comme une juxtaposition quasi cristalline de microcircuits centrés sur les cellules de Purkinje, à double entrée (fibres grimpantes et parallèles) et à sortie unique (l’axone GABAergique des cellules de Purkinje vers les noyaux profonds), auquels s’associent des voies locales inhibitrices par les interneurones. Les neurones de projection des noyaux cérébelleux profonds intègrent, quant à eux, les signaux issus de collatérales des mêmes fibres grimpantes et moussues, des axones des cellules de Purkinje, et des interneurones locaux sont seuls à l’origine des efférences cérébelleuses et des interneurones. Les cellules de Purkinje et les neurones cérébelleux associés, lesquels reçoivent les mêmes afférences, participent à un même module fonctionnel appelé microzone/microcomplexe (voir fig. 13 du chapitre 2). Ces modules formeraient des réseaux associatifs capables d’apprentissage supervisé notamment sous l’action des fibres grimpantes qui modulent l’efficacité synaptique entre fibres parallèles et dendrites des cellules de Purkinje.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité d’étude du Mouvement, FNRS ULB, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgique

    Mario Manto

  2. Service de neuroImagerie, Hôpital des Quinze-Vingts, 75012, Paris, France

    Christophe Habas

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  1. Mario Manto
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  2. Christophe Habas
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Manto, M., Habas, C. (2013). Approches électrophysiologique et physiologique. In: Le cervelet. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0447-7_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0447-7_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0446-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0447-7

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