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Réanimation pédiatrique pp 377–391Cite as

Prise en charge périopératoire des scolioses

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Part of the book series: Le point sur … ((POINT))

Résumé

La scoliose est une déformation tridimensionnelle du rachis, qui est à l’état normal rectiligne dans le plan frontal, et comporte plusieurs courbures physiologiques dans le plan sagittal : une lordose cervicale, une cyphose dorsale, une lordose lombaire et une cyphose sacrée. Elle touche entre 3 et 4 % des enfants. Cliniquement, on constate une gibbosité, un déséquilibre des épaules, une asymétrie des plis de taille, voire une translation latérale du tronc. L’importance de la déformation est évaluée sur la radio par la mesure de l’angle de Cobb, et par la rotation des corps vertébraux au sommet de la courbure. La déformation rachidienne entraîne un retentissement d’abord d’ordre esthétique puis, avec la progression de la déformation, une atteinte respiratoire pouvant ître très invalidante éventuellement responsable d’une insuffisance cardiaque droite. Les scolioses sont idiopathiques dans 80 % des cas, mais elles peuvent être secondaires à de très nombreuses étiologies dans les 20 % restants.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département d’anesthésie-réanimation, hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France

    C. François

  2. Equipe mobile d’accompagnement et soins palliatifs, Centre d’accueil et de soins hospitaliers de Nanterre, Paris, France

    C. Lévêque

  3. service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France

    L. Miladi

  4. service de réanimation pédiatrique chirurgicale et unité de surveillance continue chirurgicale, hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France

    Jamil Hamza

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  1. C. François
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  2. C. Lévêque
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  3. L. Miladi
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  4. Jamil Hamza
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. François .

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François, C., Lévêque, C., Miladi, L., Hamza, J. (2013). Prise en charge périopératoire des scolioses. In: Réanimation pédiatrique. Le point sur …. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0407-1_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0407-1_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0406-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0407-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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