Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ricin

  • Chapter
Plantes toxiques à usage médicinal du pourtour méditerranéen

Part of the book series: Collection Phytothérapie pratique ((COLLPHYTO))

  • 1214 Accesses

Résumé

Suivant les conditions climatiques, c’est un arbuste de 1 m à 1,50 m ou un arbre ramifié pouvant atteindre 8 m, au Maghreb, et même plus, dans les régions tropicales. Ses tiges creuses et souples portent un feuillage persistant, d’un vert profond, brillant, constitué de grandes feuilles palmées pouvant dépasser 50 cm de large. Portées par de longs pétioles, elles sont profondément découpées en 5 à 12 lobes pointus et finement dentés. Certaines variétés ornementales ont les feuilles et les pétioles de couleur rouge. Dans la région méditerranéenne, le ricin fleurit en été et en automne. Les fleurs sont groupées en grappes particulières: les fleurs inférieures, semblables à de petits arbres jaunes, sont des fleurs mâles formées, chacune, d’environ mille étamines au pollen très allergisant; les fleurs supérieures, sans pétales, portent un seul ovaire surmonté de longs filaments rouges (photo 41). En décembre, le fruit arrive à maturité, c’est une capsule épineuse à trois loges renfermant chacune une graine qu’elle libère par dessiccation. Ricinus est le nom latin de la tique du chien car la graine ressemble tout à fait à ce parasite (photo 42).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Références

  1. Scarpa A, Guerci A (1982) Various uses of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.). A review. J Ethnopharmacol 5: 117–37

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Stäuble N (1986) Étude ethnobotanique des Euphorbiacées d’Afrique de l’Ouest. J Ethnopharmacol 16: 23–103

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Lasry A (1937) Histoire de la Pharmacie indigène de l’Algérie et son folklore. Thèse de Doctorat en Pharmacie, Université d’Alger

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hammiche V, Maiza K (2006) Traditional medicine in central Sahara: Pharmacopoeia of Tassili n’Ajjer. J Ethnopharmacol 105: 358–67

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Merad R (1973) Contribution à la connaissance de la pharmacopée traditionnelle algérienne, les éventaires du Grand-Alger. Thèse pour le Doctorat d’État en Pharmacie, Université d’Alger

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bellakhdar J (1997) La Pharmacopée Marocaine Traditionnelle. Ibis Press, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  7. Boukef K (1986) Les plantes dans la médecine traditionnelle tunisienne. ACCT, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  8. Burdock GA, Carabin IG, Griffiths JC (2006) Toxicology and pharmacology of sodium ricinoleate. Food Chem Toxicol 44: 1689–98

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Duke JA (1992a) Handbook of phytochemical constituents of Gras herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton FL, CRC Press

    Google Scholar 

  10. Doan LG (2004) Ricin: Mechanism of toxicity, clinical manifestations and vaccine development. A review. J Toxicol Clin 42: 201–8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lord MJ, Jolliffe NA, Marsden CJ et al. (2003) Ricin: Mechanisms of cytoxicity. Toxicol Rev 22: 53–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Bruneton J (1999) Pharmacognosie, phytochimie, plantes médicinales. Tech & Doc, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  13. Shokeen P, Anand P, Murali YK, Tandon V (2008) Antidiabetic activity on 50 % ethanolic extract of Ricinus communis and its purified fractions. Food and chemical toxicology 46: 3458–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ilavarasan R, Mallika M, Venkataraman S (2005) Anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging avtivity of Ricinus communis root extract. J Ethnopharmacol 103: 478–80

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Singh PP, Ambika, Chauhan SMS (2009) Activity guided isolation of antioxidants from the leaves of Ricinus communis L. Food Chemistry 114: 1069–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lord JM, Roberts LM and Robertus JD (1994) Ricin: structure, mode of action and some current applications. FASEB J 8: 201–8

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bradberry SM (2004) Abrin and Ricin Poisoning: Mechanism of Toxicity, Features and Management. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 42: 398–9

    Google Scholar 

  18. Aouinty B, Oufara S, Mellouki F, Mahari S (2006) Évaluation préliminaire de l’activité larvicide des extraits aqueux des feuilles du ricin (Ricinus communis L.) et du bois de thuya (Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast.) sur les larves de quatre moustiques culicidés. Biotechnol Agron Soc Environ 10: 67–71

    Google Scholar 

  19. de Melo Cazal C, Batalhão JR, de Cássia Domingues V et al. (2009) High-speed counter-current chromatographic isolation of ricinine, an insecticide from Ricinus communis. J Chromatogr A 1216: 4290–4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Audi J, Belson M, Patel M et al. (2005) Ricin poisoning: a comprehensive review. JAMA 294: 2342–51

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Duke JA (1992b) Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton FL. CRC Press

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bigalke H, Rummel A (2005) Medical aspects of toxin weapons. Toxicology 214: 210–20

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Cook DL, David J, Griffiths G (2006). Retrospective identification of ricin in animal tissues following administration by pulmonary and oral routes. Toxicology 223: 61–70

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Cook DL, David J, Griffiths G (2006. Retrospective identification of ricin in animal tissues following administration by pulmonary and oral routes. Toxicology 223: 61–70

    Google Scholar 

  25. He X, Carter JM, Brandon DL et al. (2007) Application of a real time polymerase chain reaction method to detect castor toxin contamination in fluid milk and eggs. J AgricFood Chem 55: 6897–902

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Mera V (2000) Traveller’s diarroea. The lancet 356: 1446

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bradberry SM, Dickers KJ, Rice P et al. (2003) Ricin poisoning. Toxicol Rev 22: 65–70

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Centre Anti-Poisons d’Alger, CHU de Bab El Oued. Intoxications par les plantes: Bilan 1991–2003

    Google Scholar 

  29. Balint GA (1974) Ricin: the toxic protein of castor beans. Toxicology 2: 77–102

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. EFSA (2008) Ricin (from Ricinus communis) as undesirable substances in animal feed 1. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain. The EFSA Journal 726: 1–38

    Google Scholar 

  31. Challoner KR, Mc Carron MM (1990) Castor bean intoxication. Ann Emerg Med 19: 1177–83

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Rauber A, Heard J (1985) Castor bean toxicity re-examined: a new perspective. Vet HumToxicol 27: 498–502

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Kemeny DM, Frankland AW, Fahkri ZT, Trull AK (1981) Allergy to castor bean in the Sudan: measurement of serum IgE and specific IgE antibodies. Clin Allergy 11: 463–71

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Palatnick W, Tenenbein M (2000) Hepatotoxicity from castor bean ingestion in a child. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 38: 67–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Jensen WI, Allen JP (1981) Naturally occuring and experimentally induced castor bean (Ricinus communis) poisoning in ducks. Avian Dis 25: 184–94

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Albretsen JC, Gwaltney-Brant SM, Khan SA (2000) Evaluation of castor bean toxicosis in dogs: 98 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 36: 229–33

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Aslani MR, Maleki M, Mohri M et al. (2007) Castor bean (Ricinus communis) toxicosis in a sheep flock. Toxicon 49: 400–06

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Mouser P, Filigenzi MS, Puschner B et al. (2007) Fatal ricin toxicosis in a puppy confirmed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry when using ricinine as a marker. J Vet Diagn Invest 19: 216–20

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Darby SM, Miller ML, Allen RO (2001) Forensic determination of ricin and the alkaloid marker ricinine from castor bean extracts. J Forensic Sci 46: 1033–42

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Frederiksson SÅ, Hulst AG, Artursson E et al. (2005) Forensic Identification of Neat Ricin and of Ricin from crude Castor Bean Extracts by Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 7: 1545–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Johnson RC, Lemire SW, Woolfitt AR et al. (2005) Quantification of ricinine in rat and human urine: a biomarker for ricin exposure. J Anal Toxicol 29: 149–55

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Godal A, Olsnes S, Pihl A (1981) Radioimmunoassays of abrin and ricin in blood. J Toxical Environ Health 8: 409–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Ramakrishnan S, Eagle MR, Houston LL (1982) Radioimmunoassay for ricin A-and B-chains applied to samples of ricin A-chain prepared by chromatofocussing and by DEAE Biogel A chromatography. Biochem Biophys Acta 719: 341–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Koja N, Shibata T, Mochida K (1980) Enzyme-linked immunoassay of ricin. Toxicon 18: 11–618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Griffiths GD, Newman H, Gee DJ (1986) Identification and quantification of ricin toxin in animal tissues using elisa. J Forensic Sci Soc 26: 349–58

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Leith AG, Griffiths GD, Green MA (1988) Quantification of ricin toxin using a highly sensitive avidin/biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Forensic Sci Soc 28: 227–36

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Poli MA, Rivera VR, Hewetson JF, Merrill GA (1994) Detection of ricin by colorimetric and chemiluminescence ELISA. Toxicon 32: 1371–7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Alderton M, Paddle B (1997) A Sensitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for the Detection of Ricin in Blood. Published by DSTO Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory Melbourne, Australia

    Google Scholar 

  49. Yang YY, Mon DH, Tong ZY et al. (2007) Determination of ricin by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Chinese J Anal Chem 35: 439–42

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Lubelli C, Chatgilialoglu A, Bolognesi A et al. (2006) Detection of ricin and other ribosome-inactivating proteins by an immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay. Analytical Biochemistry 355: 102–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté de médecine, Département de pharmacie, Laboratoire de botanique médicale Université d’Alger, 18, avenue Pasteur, 16000, Alger, Algérie

    Victoria Hammiche

  2. Service de pharmacie, CHU Mustapha, Centre Pierre et Marie Curie, 1, place du Premier Mai 1945, 16000, Alger, Algérie

    Victoria Hammiche

  3. Faculté de médecine, Département de pharmacie, Laboratoire de toxicologie Université d’Alger, 18, avenue Pasteur, 16000, Alger, Algérie

    Rachida Merad & Mohamed Azzouz

  4. Service de toxicologie, CHU Mustapha, 1, place du Premier Mai 1945, 16000, Alger, Algérie

    Rachida Merad

  5. CHU Bab El Oued, Boulevard Said Touati, 16000, Alger, Algérie

    Rachida Merad

  6. Service de biologie-toxicologie, EHS Ait Idir., Alger, Algérie

    Mohamed Azzouz

Authors
  1. Victoria Hammiche
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rachida Merad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mohamed Azzouz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to V. Hammiche , R. Merad or M. Azzouz .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag France, Paris

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hammiche, V., Merad, R., Azzouz, M. (2013). Ricin. In: Plantes toxiques à usage médicinal du pourtour méditerranéen. Collection Phytothérapie pratique. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0375-3_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0375-3_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0374-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0375-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation