Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Collection Phytothérapie pratique ((COLLPHYTO))

  • 1321 Accesses

Résumé

Le but de ce chapitre est d’expliquer à la lumière de tests d’activité, l’utilisation traditionnelle des HE. Seule l’activité pharmacologique générale des huiles essentielles et des substances aromatiques sur l’ê tre humain fera l’objet de ce chapitre. La bibliographie fait référence à des études in vitro, in vivo ou à des essais cliniques humains; on se reportera aux références bibliographiques pour plus de précision. Un compendium d’aromathérapie clôturera, si nécessaire, l’étude de chaque grande famille pharmacologique. Ce compendium tiendra compte des HE évoquées dans les chapitres, mais aussi de celles utilisées en pratique quotidienne, sans réel fondement «scientifique», car l’arsenal thérapeutique de la phyto-aromathérapie est bien plus vaste et s’appuie, non seulement sur ce que nos amis anglo-saxons appellent Evidence Based Medecine mais aussi, sur une tradition bientôt millénaire de l’utilisation des HE en thérapeutique.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Références

  1. Wattenberg LW (1990) Inhibition of carcinogenesis by minor anutrient constituents of the diet. Proc Nutr Soc 49: 173–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Sun J (2007) D-Limonene: safety and clinical applications. Altern Med Rev 12(3): 259–64

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Van der Logt EM, Roelofs HM, van Lieshout EM et al. (2004) Effects of dietary anticarcinogens and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on rat gastrointestinal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Anticancer Res 24: 843–9

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Gelb MH, Tamanoi F, Yokoyama K et al. (1995) The inhibition of protein prenyltransferases by oxygenated metabolites of limonene and perillyl alcohol. Cancer Lett 91(2): 169–75

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Cestac P, Doisneau-Sixou S, Favre G (2005) Development of farsenyl transferase inhibitors as anticancer agents. Ann Pharm Fr 63(1): 76–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Belanger JT (1998) Perillyl alcohol: applications in oncology. Altern Med Rev 3(6): 448–57

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Fischer Jde S, Carvalho PC, Gattass CR et al. (2006) Effects of perillyl alcohol and heat shock treatment in gene expression of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. J Exp Ther Oncol 5(4): 301–7

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Gould MN (1997) Cancer chemoprevention and therapy by monoterpenes. Environ Health Perspect 105 Suppl 4: 977–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lantry LE, Zhang Z, Crist KA et al. (2000) Chemopreventive efficacy of promising farnesyltransferase inhibitors. Exp Lung Res 26(8): 773–90

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Xu M, Floyd HS, Greth SM, Chang WC et al. (2004) Perillyl alcohol-mediated inhibition of lung cancer cell line proliferation: potential mechanisms for its chemotherapeutic effects. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 195(2): 232–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. YeruvaLhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22YeruvaL%22%5BAuthor%5D, Pierre KJ, Elegbede A et al. (2007) Perillyl alcohol and perillic acid induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in non small cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Lett 257(2): 216–26. Epub 2007 Sep 20

    Google Scholar 

  12. Burke YD, Ayoubi AS, Werner SR et al. (2002) Effects of the isoprenoids perilly alcohol and farnesol on apoptosis biomarkers in pancreatic cancer chemoprevention. Anticancer Res Nov–Dec 22(6A): 3127–34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lebedeva IV, Su ZZ, Vozhilla N et al. (2008) Chemoprevention by perillyl alcohol coupled with viral gene therapy reduces pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. Mol Cancer Ther 7(7): 2042–50

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lebedeva IV, Su ZZ, Vozhilla N et al. (2008) Mechanism of in vitro pancreatic cancer cell growth inhibition by melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 and perilly alcohol. Cancer Res. Sep 15; 68(18): 7439–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Low-Baselli A, Huber W, Kafer M et al. (2002) Failure to demonstrate chemoprevention by the monoterpene perilly alcohol during early rat hepatocarcinogenesis: a cautionary note. Carcinogenesis (Lond) 21: 1869–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Matos JM, Schmidt CM, Thomas HJ et al. (2008) A pilot study of perillyl alcohol in pancreaticcancer. Surg Res 147(2): 194–9. Epub 2008 Mar 13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Stark MJ, Burke YD, McKinzic JH et al. (1995) Chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer with the monterpene perilly alcohol. Cancer Lett 96: 15–21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Wiseman DA, Werner SR, Crowell PL (2007) Cell cycle arrest by the isoprenoids perillyl alcohol, geraniol, and farnesol is mediated by p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 320(3): 1163–70. Epub 2006 Nov 30

    Google Scholar 

  19. Arafa HM (2010) Possible contribution of beta-glycosidases and caspases in the cytotoxicity of novel glycoconjugates in colon cancer cells. Invest New Drugs 28(3): 306–17. Epub 2009 May 5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Bardon S, Foussard V, Fournel S, Loubat A (2002) Monoterpenes inhibit proliferation of human colon cancer cells by modulating cell cycle-related protein expression. Cancer Lett 181(2): 187–94

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Meadows SM, Mulkerin D, Berlin J et al. (2002) Phase II trial of perillyl alcohol in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Int J Gastrointest Cancer 32(2–3): 125–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Reddy BS, Wang CX, Samaha H et al. (1997) Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by dietary perillyl alcohol. Cancer Res 57(3): 420–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Stayrook KR, McKinzie JH, Barbhaiya LH, Crowell PL (1998) Effects of the antitumor agent perillyl alcohol on H-Ras vs. K-Ras farnesylation and signal transduction in pancreatic cells. Anticancer Res 18(2A): 823–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Mills JJ, Chari RS, Boyer IJ et al. (1995) Induction of apoptosis in liver tumors by the monoterpene perilly alcohol. Cancer Res 55: 979–83

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Gould MN (1995) Prevention and therapy of mammary cancer by monoterpenes. J Cell Biochem Suppl 22: 139–44

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hudes GR, Szarka CE, Adams A et al. (2000) Phase I pharmacokinetic trial of perillyl alcohol (NSC 641066) in patients with refractory solid malignancies. Clin Cancer Res 6(8): 3071–80

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Vigushin DM, Poon GK, Boddy A et al. (1998) Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of D-limonene in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Research Campaign Phase I/II Clinical Trials Committee. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 42(2): 111–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Miller JA, Hakim IA, Chew W et al. (2010) Adipose tissue accumulation of d-limonene with the consumption of a lemonade preparation rich in d-limonene content. Nutr Cancer 62(6): 783–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Ahmad A, Khan A, Akhtar F (2011) Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candida. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 30(1): 41–50. Epub 2010 Sep 11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Vieira A, Heidor R, Cardozo MT et al. (2011) Efficacy of geraniol but not of β-ionone or their combination for the chemoprevention of rat colon carcinogenesis. Braz J Med Biol Res 44(6): 538–45. Epub 2011 Mar 29

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kim SH, Bae HC, Park EJ et al. (2011) Geraniol inhibits prostate cancer growth by targeting cell cycle and apoptosis pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 407(1): 129–34. Epub 2011 Mar 1

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Cardozo MT, de Conti A, Ong TP et al. (2011) Chemopreventive effects of-ionone and geraniol during rat hepatocarcinogenesis promotion: distinct actions on cell proliferation, apoptosis, HMGCoA reductase, and RhoA. Nutr Biochem 22(2): 130–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Ong TP, Heidor R, de Conti A et al. (2006) Farnesol and geraniol chemopreventive activities during the initial phases of hepatocarcinogenesis involve similar actions on cell proliferation and DNA damage, but distinct actions on apoptosis, plasma cholesterol and HMGCoA reductase. Carcinogenesis 27(6): 1194–203. Epub 2005 Dec 6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Polo MP, de Bravo MG (2006) Effect of geraniol on fatty-acid and mevalonate metabolism in the human hepatoma cell line Hep G2. Biochem Cell Biol 84(1): 102–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Nagi MN, Almakki HA (2009) Thymoquinone supplementation induces quinone reductase and glutathione transferase in mice liver: possible role in protection against chemical carcinogenesis and toxicity. Phytother Res 23(9): 1295–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Alhosin M, Ibrahim A, Boukhari A et al. (2011) Anti-neoplastic agent thymoquinone induces degradation of α and β tubulin proteins in human cancer cells without affecting their level in normal human fibroblasts. Invest New Drugs. Epub ahead of print

    Google Scholar 

  37. Wu ZH, Chen Z, Shen Y et al. (2011) Anti-metastasis effect of thymoquinone on human pancreatic cancer. Yao Xue Xue Bao 46(8): 910–4

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Connelly L, Barham W, Onishko HM et al. (2011) Inhibition of NF-kappa B activity in mammary epithelium increases tumor latency and decreases tumor burden. Oncogene 30(12): 1402–12. Epub 2010 Nov 15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Sayed-Ahmed MM, Aleisa AM, AL-Rejaie SS et al. (2012) Thymoquinone attenuates diethylnitrosamine induction of hepaic carcinogenesis through antioxydant signaling. Oxid Med Cell Longev Jul 1; 3(4): 254–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Grosso C, Figueiredo AC, Burillo J et al. (2009) Enrichment of the thymoquinone content in volatile oil from Satureja montana using supercritical fluid extraction. J Sep Sci 32(2): 328–34

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Missopolinou D, Tsioptsias C, Lambrou C, Panayiotou C (2011) Selective extraction of oxygenated compounds from oregano with sub-critical water. J Sci Food Agric doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4652

    Google Scholar 

  42. Viana GS, Vale TG, Pinho RS, Matos FJ (2000) Antinociceptive effect of the essential oil from Cymbopogon citratus in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 70(3): 323–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Ortiz MI, Ramírez-Montiel ML, González-García MP et al. (2010) The combination of naproxen and citral reduces nociception and gastric damage in rats. Arch Pharm Res 33(10): 1691–7. Epub 2010 Oct 30

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Ortiz MI, González-García MP, Ponce-Monter HA et al. (2010) Synergistic effect of the interaction between naproxen and citral on inflammation in rats. Phytomedicine 18(1): 74–9. Epub 2010 Jul 16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Melo MS, Sena LC, Barreto FJ et al. (2010) Antinociceptive effect of citronellal in mice. Pharm Biol 48(4): 411–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Quintans-Júnior LJ, Melo MS, De Sousa DP et al. (2010) Antinociceptive effects of citronellal in formalin-, capsaicin-, and glutamate-induced orofacial nociception in rodents and its action on nerve excitability. J Orofac Pain 24(3): 305–12

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Quintans-Junior LJ, da Rocha RF, Caregnato FF et al. (2011) Antinociceptive action and redox properties of citronellal, an essential oi present in lemongrass. J Med Food Jun; 14(6): 630–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Rocha NF, Rios ER, Carvalho AM et al. (2011) Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of (−)-α-bisabolol in rodents. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 384(6): 525–33

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Sousa OV, Silvério MS, Del-Vechio-Vieira G et al. (2008) Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil from Eremanthus erythropappus leaves. J Pharm Pharmacol 60(6): 771–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Batista PA, Werner MF, Oliveira EC et al. (2008) Evidence for the involvement of ionotropic glutamatergic receptors on the antinociceptive effect of (−)-linalool in mice. Neurosci Lett 440(3): 299–303. Epub 2008 Jun 24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Peana AT, Rubattu P, Piga GG et al. (2006) Involvement of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors in (−)-linalool-induced antinociception. Life Sci 78(21): 2471–4. Epub 2005 Dec 15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Peana AT, Marzocco S, Popolo A, Pinto A (2006) (−)-Linalool inhibits in vitro NO formation: Probable involvement in the antinociceptive activity of this monoterpene compound. Life Sci 78(7): 719–23. Epub 2005 Aug 31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Xie ZQ (2009) Role of thermo TRP channels in cutaneous neurogenic inflammation and itch. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 38(4): 409–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Ma S, G G, Ak VE, Jf D, H H (2008) Menthol derivative WS-12 selectively activates transient receptor potential melastatin-8 (TRPM8) ion channels. Pak J Pharm Sci 21(4): 370–8

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Naziroğlu M, Ozgül C (2012) Effects of Antagonists and Heat on TRPM8 Channel Currents in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neuron Activated by Nociceptive Cold Stress and Menthol. Neurochem Res 37(2): 314–20

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Moqrich A, Hwang SW, Earley TJ et al. (2005) Impaired thermosensation in mice lacking TRPV3, a heat and camphor sensor in the skin. Science 307: 1468–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Xu H, Blair NT, Clapham DE (2005) Camphor activates and strongly desensitizes the transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 channel in a vanilloid-independent mechanism. J Neurosci 25(39): 8924–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Cal K (2009) Skin disposition of d-camphor and l-menthol alone and together. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 31(4): 237–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Bachiega TF, Sforcin JM (2011) Lemon-grass and citral effect on cytokines production by murine macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 137(1): 909–13. Epub 2011 Jul 18

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Lee HJ, Jeong HS, Kim DJ et al. (2008) Inhibitory effect of citral on NO production by suppression of iNOS expression and NF-kappa B activation in RAW264.7 cells. Arch Pharm Res 31(3): 342–9. Epub 2008 Apr 13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Katsukawa M, Nakata R, Takizawa Y et al. (2010) Citral, a component of lemon-grass oil, activates PPARα and γ and suppresses COX-2 expression. Biochim Biophys Acta 1801(11): 1214–20. Epub 2010 Jul 23

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Ponce-Monter H, Fernández-Martínez E, Ortiz MI et al. (2010) Spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory effects of Aloysia triphylla and citral, in vitro and in vivo studies. J Smooth Muscle Res 46(6): 309–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Lin CT, Chen CJ, Lin TY et al. (2008) Anti-inflammation activity of fruit essential oil from Cinnamomum insularimontanum Hayata. Bioresour Technol 99(18): 8783–7. Epub 2008 May 29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Bastos JF, Moreira IJ, Ribeiro TP et al. (2010) Hypotensive and vasorelaxant effects of citronellol, a monoterpene alcohol, in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol (4):331–7. Epub 2009 Dec 7

    Google Scholar 

  65. Bastos VP, Gomes AS, Lima FJ et al. (2011) Inhaled 1,8-cineole reduces inflammatory parameters in airways of ovalbumin-challenged Guinea pigs. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 108(1): 34–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00622.x. Epub 2010 Aug 16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Santos FA, Rao VS (2000) Antiinflammatory and antinociceptive effects of 1,8-cineole a terpenoid oxide present in many plant essential oils. Phytother Res 14(4): 240–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Juergens UR, Dethlefsen U, Steinkamp G et al. (2003) Anti-inflammatory activity of 1.8-cineol (eucalyptol) in bronchial asthma: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Respir Med 97(3): 250–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Juergens UR, Engelen T, Racké K et al. (2004) Inhibitory activity of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on cytokine production in cultured human lymphocytes and monocytes. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 17(5): 281–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Chen SJ, Wang MH, Chen IJ (1996) Antiplatet and calcium inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium eugenol acetate. Gen Pharmacol Jun 27(4): 629–33

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Srivastava KC (1993) Antiplatelet principles from a food spice clove (Syzygium aromaticum L). Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 48(5): 363–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Hussain A, Brahmbhatt K, Priyani A et al. (2011) Eugenol Enhances the Chemotherapeutic Potential of Gemcitabine and Induces Anticarcinogenic and Antiinflammatory Activity in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 26(5): 519–27. Epub 2011 Sep 22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Magalhães CB, Riva DR, DePaula LJ et al. (2010) In vivo anti-inflammatory action of eugenol on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. J Appl Physiol 108(4): 845–51. Epub 2010 Jan 14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Yeh JL, Hsu JH, Hong YS et al. (2011) Eugenolol and glyceryl-isoeugenol suppress LPS-induced iNOS expression by down-regulating NF-kappaB AND AP-1 through inhibition of MAPKS and AKT/IkappaBalpha signaling pathways in macrophages. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 24(2): 345–56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Jung J, Lee JH, Bae KH, Jeong CS (2011) Anti-gastric actions of eugenol and cinnamic acid isolated from Cinnamomi Ramulus. Yakugaku Zasshi 131(7): 1103–10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Santin JR, Lemos M, Klein-Junior LC et al. (2011) Gastroprotective activity of essential oil of the Syzygium aromaticum and is major component eugenol in different animal models. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol Feb 383(2):149–58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Yoon WJ, Lee NH, Hyun CG (2010) Limonene suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Oleo Sci 59(8): 415–21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Hirota R, Roger NN, Nakamura H et al. (2010) Anti-inflammatory effects of limonene from yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) essential oil on eosinophils. J Food Sci Apr; 75(3): H87–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Nogueira de Melo GA, Grespan R, Fonseca JP et al. (2011) Inhibitory effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) essential oil on leukocyte migration in vivo and in vitro. J Nat Med 65(1): 241–6. Epub 2010 Oct 28

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Zhou HL, Deng YM, Xie QM (2006) The modulatory effects of the volatileoil of ginger on the cellular immune response in vitro and in vivo in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 105(1–2): 301–5. Epub 2005 Dec 9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Kobayashi C, Fontanive TO, Enzweiler BG et al. (2011) Pharmacological evaluation of Copaifera multijuga oil in rats. Pharm Biol 49(3): 306–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Veiga Junior VF, Rosas EC, Carvalho MV et al. (2007) Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of copaiba oils from Copaifera cearensis Huber ex Ducke, Copaifera reticulata Ducke and Copaifera multijuga Hayne—a comparative study. J Ethnopharmacol 112(2): 248–54. Epub 2007 Mar 7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Gomes NM, Rezende CM, Fontes SP et al. (2007) Antinociceptive activity of Amazonian Copaiba oils. J Ethnopharmacol 109(3): 486–92. Epub 2006 Aug 26

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Fraternale D, Sosa S, Ricci D et al. (2011) Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antifungal furanosesquiterpenoids isolated from Commiphora erythraea (Ehrenb.) Engl. resin. Fitoterapia 82(4): 654–61. Epub 2011 Feb 21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Tonkal AM, Morsy TA (2008) An update review on Commiphora molmol and related species. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 38(3): 763–96

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Racine P, Auffray B (2005) Quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by Commiphorra myrrha extracts and menthofuran. Fitorepia 76(3–4): 316–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Ohta T, Imagawa T, Ito S (2009) Involvement of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 in analgesic action of methylsalicylate. Mol Pharmacol 75(2): 307–17. Epub 2008 Nov 5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Taniguchi Y, Deguchi Y, Saita M, Noda K (1994) Antinociceptive effects of counterirritants. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 104(6): 433–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Peana AT, D’Aquila PS, Panin F et al. (2002) Anti-inflammatory activity of linalool and linalyl acetate constituents of essential oils. Phytomedicine 9(8): 721–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Sakurada T, Kuwahata H, Katsuyama S et al. (2009) Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors. Int Rev Neurobiol 85: 237–48

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Sakurada T, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H et al. (2011) Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil induces peripheral antinociception mediated by opioid mechanism. Pharmacol Biochem Behav Jan 97(3): 436–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Johnson PN, Welch DW (1984) Methyl salicylate/Aspirin (Salicylate) Equivalence: Who do you trust? Vet Hum Toxicol 26: 317–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Burt S (2004) Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—a review. Int J Food Microbiol 94(3): 223–53

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Dorman HJD, Deans SG (2000) Antimicrobial agents from plants: antimicrobial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol 88: 308–16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Nostro A, Papalia T (2011) Antimicrobial Activity of Carvacrol: Current Progress and Future Prospectives. Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov Epub ahead of print

    Google Scholar 

  95. Satrani B. et al. (2008) Composition chimique et activité antimicrobienne de l’huile essentielle de Cladanthus mixtus. Bull Soc Pharm Bordeaux 146: 85–96

    Google Scholar 

  96. Nostro A, Blanco AR, Cannatelli MA et al. (2004) Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphylococci to oregano essential oil, carvacrol and thymol. FEMS Microbiol Lett 230: 191–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. McNamara PJ, Syverson RE, Milligan-Myhre K et al. (2009) Surfactants, aromatic and isoprenoid compounds, and fatty acid biosynthesis inhibitors suppress Staphylococcus aureus production of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53: 1898–906

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Qiu J, Wang D, Xiang H et al. (2010) Subinhibitory concentrations of thymol reduce enterotoxins A and B and alpha-hemolysin production in Staphylococcus aureus isolates. PLoS One 5(3): e9736

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Tsai ML, Lin CC, Lin WC, Yang CH (2011) Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory activities of essential oils from five selected herbs. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 75(10): 1977–83. Epub 2011 Oct 7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Cristani M, D’Arrigo M, Mandalari G et al. (2007) Interaction of four monoterpenes contained in essential oils with model membranes: implications for their antibacterial activity. J Agric Food Chem. Jul 55(15): 6300–8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Trombetta D, Castelli F, Sarpietro MG et al. (2005) Mechanisms of antibacterial action of three monoterpenes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49(6): 2474–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Braga PC, Dal Sasso M, Culici M, Spallino A (2010) Inhibitory activity of thymol on native and mature Gardnerella vaginalis biofilms: in vitro study. Arzneimittelforschung 60(11): 675–81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Orafidaya LO, Agbani EO, Oyedele AO et al. (2002) Preliminary clinical tests on topical preparations of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. Leaf essential oil for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Clin.Drug Invest 22(5): 33–319

    Google Scholar 

  104. Orafidaya LO, Agbani EO, Oyedele AO et al. (2004) The effect of aloe vera gel on the anti-acne properties of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. — a preliminary clinical investigation. Int J Aromather 14: 15–21

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Iannitelli A, Grande R, Di Stefano A et al. (2011) Potential Antibacterial Activity of Carvacrol-Loaded Poly (DL-lactideco-glycolide)(PLGA) Nanoparticles against Microbial Biofilm. Int J Mol Sci. 12(8): 5039–51

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. García-García R, López-Malo A, Palou E (2011) Bactericidal action of binary and ternary mixtures of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol against Listeria innocua. J Food Sci 76(2): M95–100. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.02005.x. Epub 2011 Feb 3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Pei RS, Zhou F, Ji BP, Xu J (2009) Evaluation of combined antibacterial effects of eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, thymol, and carvacrol against E. coli with an improved method. J Food Sci 74(7): M379–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Palaniappan K, Holley RA (2010) Use of natural antimicrobials to increase antibiotic susceptibility of drug resistant bacteria. Int J Food Microbiol 140(2–3): 164–8. Epub 2010 Apr 13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Ahmad ST, Arjumand W, Seth A et al. (2011) Preclinical renal cancer chemopreventive efficacy of geraniol by modulation of multiple molecular pathways. Toxicology 290(1): 69–81. Epub 2011 Sep 3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Braga PC, Culici M, Alfieri M, Dal Sasso M (2008) Thymol inhibits Candida albicans biofilm formation and mature biofilm. Int J Antimicrob Agents 31(5): 472–7. Epub 2008 Mar 10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Braga PC, Culici M, Alfieri M et al. (2008) Thymol-induced alterations in Candida albicans imaged by atomic force microscopy. Methods Mol Biol 736: 401–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Pinto E, Vale-Silva L, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L (2009) Antifungal activity of the clove essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Med Microbiol 58(Pt 11): 1454–62. Epub 2009 Jul 9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Rasooli I, Owlia P (2005) Chemoprevention by thyme oils of Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production. Phytochemistry Dec 66(24): 2851–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Vale-Silva IA, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C et al. (2010) Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus × viciosi against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Planta Med. Jun; 76(9): 882–8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Astani A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P (2010) Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils. Phytother Res. 24(5): 673–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Koch C, Reichling J, Schneele J, Schnitzler P (2008) Inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2. Phytomedicine 15(1–2): 71–8. Epub 2007 Oct 31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. Schnitzler P, Koch C, Reichling J (2007) Susceptibility of drug-resistant clinical herpes simplex virus type 1 strains to essentialoils of ginger, thyme, hyssop, and sandalwood. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51(5): 1859–62. Epub 2007 Mar 12

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Pauli A, Kubeczka KH (2010) Antimicrobial properties of volatile phenylpropanes. Nat Prod Commun Sep 5(9): 1387–94

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Qiu J, Feng H, Lu J, Xiang H et al. (2010) Eugenol reduces the expression of virulencerelated exoproteins in Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Environ Microbiol 76(17): 5846–51. Epub 2010 Jul 16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Devi KP, Nisha SA, Sakthivel R, Pandian SK (2010) Eugenol (an essential oil of clove) acts as an antibacterial agent against Salmonella typhi by disrupting the cellular membrane. Ethnopharmacol 130(1): 107–15. Epub 2010 May 7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Khan MS, Ahmad I (2011) In vitro antifungal, anti-elastase and anti-keratinase activity of essential oils of Cinnamomum-, Syzygium-and Cymbopogon-species against Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton rubrum. Phytomedicine 19(1): 48–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Khan MS, Ahmad I (2011) In vitro antifungal, anti-elastase and anti-keratinase activity of essential oils of Cinamomum, Syzygium and Cymbopogon-species against Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton rubrum. Phytomedicine Sep 3

    Google Scholar 

  123. He M, Du M, Fan M et al. (2007) In vitro activity of eugenol against Candida albicans biofilms. Micopathologia Mar 163(3): 137–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Bournes KZ, Bourne N, Reising SF et al. (1999) Plant products as topical microbicide candidates: assessment of in vitro and in vivo activity against herpes simplex virus type 2. Antiviral Res 42(3): 219–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  125. Tragoolpua Y, Jatisatienr A (2007) Anti-herpes simplex virus activities of Eugenia caryophyllus (Spreng) Bullock & S.G Harrison and essential oil, eugenol. Phytother Res. Dec 32(12): 1153–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. López P, Sanchez C, Batlle R, Nerín C (2007) Vapor-phase activities of cinnamon, thyme, and oregano essentialoils and key constituents against foodborne microorganisms. J Agric Food Chem 55(11): 4348–56. Epub 2007 May 8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Nuryastuti T, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ et al. (2009) Effect of cinnamonoil on icaA expression and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Appl Environ Microbiol 75(21): 6850–5. Epub 2009 Sep 11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Ooi LS, Li Y, Kam SL et al. (2006) Antimicrobial activities of cinnamonoil and cinnamaldehyde from the Chinese medicinal herb Cinnamomum cassia Blume. Am J Chin Med 34(3): 511–22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Unlu M, Ergene E, Unlu GV et al. (2010) Composition, antimicrobial activiy and in vitro cytotoxicity of essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraccae). Food Chem Toxicol Nov 48(11): 3274–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Meades G Jr, Henken RL, Waldrop GL et al. (2010) Constituents of cinnamon inhibit bacterial acetyl CoA carboxylase. Planta Med. Oct 76(14): 1570–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Shahverdi AR, Monsef-Esfahani HR et al. (2007) Trans-cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark essential oil reduces the clindamycin resistance of Clostridium difficile in vitro. J Food Sci 72(1): S055–8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Pajohi MR, Tajik H, Farshid AA, Hadian M (2011) Synergistic antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. seed and nisin in a food model. J Appl Microbiol doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04946.x

    Google Scholar 

  133. Derakhshan S, Sattari M, Bigdeli M (2010) Effect of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) seed essential oil on biofilm formation and plasmid Integrity of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Pharmacogn Mag 6(21): 57–61. Epub 2010 Feb 13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Derakhshan S, Sattari M, Bigdeli M (2008) Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seed essential oil and alcoholic extract on the morphology, capsule expression and urease activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Int J Antimicrob Agents 32(5): 432–6. Epub 2008 Aug 19

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. L M Lopes C, Gonçalves e Sá C, de Almeida AA, da Costa JP et al. Sedative, anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of Citrus limon (Burn) essential oil in mice. Pharmazie 66(8): 623–7

    Google Scholar 

  136. Khosravi AR, Shokri H, Minooeianhaghighi M (2011) Inhibition of Aflatoxin Production and Growth of Aspergillus parasiticus by Cuminum cyminum, Ziziphora clinopodioides, and Nigella sativa Essential Oils. Foodborne Pathog Dis 8(12): 1275–80

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Romagnoli C, Andreotti E, Maietti S et al. (2010) Antifungal activity of essential oil from fruits of Indian Cuminum cyminum. Pharm Biol 48(7): 834–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Cabello CM, Bair WB 3rd, Lamore SD et al. (2009) The cinnamon-derived Michael acceptor cinnamic aldehyde impairs melanoma cell proliferation, invasiveness, and tumor growth. Free Radic Biol Med 46(2): 220–31. Epub 2008 Nov 1

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Dhuley JN (1999) Anti-oxidant effects of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) bark and greater cardamom (Amomum subulatum) seeds in rats fed high fat diet. Indian J Exp Biol 37(3): 238–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Wondrak GT, Villeneuve NF, Lamore SD et al. (2010) The cinnamon-derived dietary factor cinnamic aldehyde activates the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response in human epithelial colon cells. Molecules 15(5): 3338–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV (2003) Antifungal activity of the components of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil. J Appl Microbiol 95: 85360

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Enshaieh S, Jooya A, Siadat AH, Iraji F (2007) The efficacy of 5 % topical tea tree oil gel in mild to moderate acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 73(1): 22–5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. McMahon MA, Blair IS, Moore JE, McDowell DA. Habitation to sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Metaleuca alternifolia) is associated with reduced susceptibility to antibiotics in human pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother Jan 59(1): 125–7

    Google Scholar 

  144. Hammer KA, Dry L, Johnson M et al. (2003) Susceptibility of oral bacteria to Melaleuca alternifolia (teatree) oil in vitro. Oral Microbiol Immunol 18(6): 389–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Takarada K, Kimizuka R, Takahashi N et al. (2004) A comparison of the antibacterial efficacies of essential oils against oral pathogens. Oral Microbiol Immunol Feb 19(1): 61–4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Cox SD, Mann CM et al. (2000) The mode of antimicrobial action of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil). J Appl Microbiol 88(1): 170–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Gomes FI, Teixeira P, Cerca N et al. (2011) Effect of farnesol on structure and composition of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm matrix. Curr Microbiol 63(4): 354–9. Epub 2011 Jul 29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Gomes FI, Teixeira P, Azeredo J, Oliveira R (2009) Effect of farnesol on planktonic and biofilm cells of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Curr Microbiol 59(2): 118–22. Epub 2009 Apr 14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Pammi M, Liang R, Hicks JM et al. (2011) Farnesol Decreases Biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Exhibits Synergy With Nafcillin and Vancomycin. Pediatr Res 70(6): 578–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Kaneko M, Togashi N, Hamashima H et al. (2011) Effect of farnesol on mevalonate pathway of Staphylococcus aureus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 64(8): 547–9. doi: 10.1038/ ja.2011.49. Epub 2011 Jul 20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Kuroda M, Nagasaki S, Ito R, Ohta T (2007) Sesquiterpene farnesol as a competitive inhibitor of lipase activity of Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 273(1): 28–34. Epub 2007 Jun 7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Unnanuntana A, Bonsignore L, Shirtliff ME, Greenfield EM (2009) The effects of farnesol on Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and osteoblasts. An in vitro study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91(11): 2683–92

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Inoue Y, Shiraishi A, Hada T et al. (2004) The antibacterial effects of terpene alcohols on Staphylococcus aureus and their mode of action. FEMS Microbiol Lett 237(2): 325–31

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Cugini C, Calfee MW, Farrow JM 3rd et al. (2007) Farnesol, a common sesquiterpene, inhibits PQS production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mol Microbiol. 65(4): 896–906. Epub 2007 Jul 19

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Wade DS, Calfee MW, Rocha ER et al. (2005) Regulation of Pseudomonas quinolone signal synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Bacteriol 187(13): 4372–80

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Lorenzi V, Muselli A, Bernardini AF et al. (2009) Geraniol restores antibiotic activities against multidrug-resistant isolates from gram-negative species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53(5): 2209–11. Epub 2009 Mar 2

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Togashi N, Inoue Y, Hamashima H, Takano A (2008) Effects of two terpene alcohols on the antibacterial activity and the mode of action of farnesol against Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 13(12): 3069–76

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV (1998) In-vitro activity of essential oils, in particular Melaleuca alternifolia (teatree) oil and tea tree oil products, against Candida spp. J Antimicrob Chemother 42(5): 591–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Nenoff P, Haustein UF, Brandt W (1996) Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil) against pathogenic fungi in vitro. Skin Pharmacol 9(6): 388–94

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Spence D (2010) Candidiasis (vulvovaginal). Clin Evid (Online) pii: 0815

    Google Scholar 

  161. Vazquez JA, Arganoza MT, Boikov D et al. (2000) In vitro susceptibilities of Candida and Aspergillus species to Melaleuca alternafolia (teatree) oil. Rev Iberoam Micol 17(2): 60–3

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV (2002) In vitro activity of Melaleuca alternifolia (teatree) oil against dermatophytes and other filamentous fungi. J Antimicrob Chemother 50(2): 195–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Satchell AC, Saurajen A, Bell C (2002) Treatment of interdigital tinea pedis with 25% and 50% tea tree oil solution: a randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded study. Australas J Dermatol Aug 43(3): 175–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  164. Tong MM, Altman PM, Barnetson RS (1992) Tea tree oil in the treatment of tinea pedis. Australas J Dermatol 33(3): 145–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Langford ML, Atkin A L, Nickerson KW (2009) Cellular interactions of farnesol, a quorum sensing molecule produced by Candida albicans. Fut Microbiol 4: 1353–62

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Shirtliff M E, Krom B P, Meijering R A et al. (2009) Farnesol-induced apoptosis in Candida albicans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother 53: 2392–401

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Langford ML, Hasim S, Nickerson KW, Atkin AL (2010) Activity and toxicity of farnesol towards Candida albicans are dependent on growth conditions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54(2): 940–2. Epub 2009 Nov 23

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Dichtl K, Ebel F, Dirr F et al. (2010) Farnesol misplaces tip-localized Rho proteins and inhibits cell wall integrity signalling in Aspergillus fumigatus. Mol Microbiol 76(5): 1191–204. Epub 2010 Apr 14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Dinamarco TM, Goldman MH, Goldman GH (2011) Farnesol-induced cell death in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Biochem Soc Trans 39(5): 1544–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Garozzo A, Timpanaro R, Bisignano B et al. (2009) In vitro antiviral activity of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil. Lett Appl Microbiol 49(6): 806–8. Epub 2009 Sep 18

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Garozzo A, Timpanaro R, Stivala A et al. (2011) Activity of Melaleuca alternifolia (teatree) oil on Influenza virus A/PR/8: study on the mechanism of action. Antiviral Res 89(1): 83–8. Epub 2010 Nov 21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Carson CF, Ashton L, Dry L et al. (2001) Melaleuca alternifolia (teatree) oil gel (6%) for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. J Antimicrob Chemother 48(3): 450–1

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Carson CF, Smith DW, Lampacher GJ, Riley TV (2008) Use of deception to achieve double-blinding in a clinical trial of Melaleuca alternifolia (teatree) oil for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Contemp Clin Trials 29(1): 9–12. Epub 2007 May 6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  174. Aiemsaard J, Aiumlamai S, Aromdee C et al. (2011) The effect of lemon-grass oil and its major components on clinical isolate mastitis pathogens and their mechanisms of action on Staphylococcus aureus DMST 4745. Res Vet Sci 91(3): e31–7. Epub 2011 Feb 12

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Wuthi-Udomlert M, Chotipatoomwan P, Panyadee S, Gritsanapan W (2011) Inhibitory effect of formulated lemon-grass shampoo on Malassezia furfur: a yeast associated with dandruff. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 42(2): 363–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Abe S, Sato Y, Inoue S et al. (2003) Anti-Candida albicans activity of essential oils including Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) oil and it component, citrall. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 44(4): 285–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Silva Cde B, Guterres SS, Weisheimer V, Schapoval EE (2008) Antifungal activity of the lemon-grass oil and citral against Candida spp. Braz J Infect Dis 12(1): 63–6

    Google Scholar 

  178. Tyagi AK, Malik A (2010) Liquid and vapour-phase antifungal activities of selected essential oils against Candida albicans: microscopic observations and chemical characterization of Cymbopogon citratus. BMC Complement Altern Med 10: 65

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Schnitzler P, Schuhmacher A, Astani A, Reichling J (2008) Melissa officinalis oil affects infectivity of enveloped herpesviruses. Phytomedicine 15(9): 734–40

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Meierhenrich Uwe J, Golebiowski J, Fernandez X, Cabrol-Bass D (2005) De la molécule à l’odeur. Les bases moléculaires des premières étapes de l’olfaction. L’actualité chimique no 289

    Google Scholar 

  181. Komiya M, Takeuchi T, Harada E (2006) Lemon oil vapor causes an anti-stress effect via modulating the 5-HT and DA activities in mice. Behav Brain Res 172(2): 240–9. Epub 2006 Jun 15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Ito K, Ito M (2011) Sedative effects of vapor inhalation of the essential oil of Microtoena patchoulii and its related compounds. J Nat Med 65(2): 336–43. Epub 2011 Feb 3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Faturi CB, Leite JR, Alves PB et al. (2010) Anxiolytic-like effect of sweet orange aroma in Wistar rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 34(4): 605–9. Epub 2010 Mar 6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Saiyudthong S, Marsden CA (2011) Acute effects of bergamot oil on anxiety-related behaviour and corticosterone level in rats. Phytother Res 25(6): 858–62. doi: 10.1002/ ptr.3325. Epub 2010 Nov 23

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Linck VM, da Silva AL, Figueiró M et al. (2010) Effects of inhaledLinalool in anxiety, social interaction and aggressive behavior in mice. Phytomedicine 17(8–9): 679–83. Epub 2009 Dec 3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Souto-Maior FN, Carvalho FL, Morais LC et al. (2011) Anxiolytic-like effects of inhaledlinalool oxide in experimental mouse anxiety models. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 100(2): 259–63. Epub 2011 Sep 10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Linck VM, da Silva AL, Figueiró M et al. (2009) Inhaledlinalool-induced sedation in mice. Phytomedicine 16(4): 303–7. Epub 2008 Sep 27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Höferl M, Krist S, Buchbauer G (2006) Chirality influences the effects of linalool on physiological parameters of stress. Planta Med 72(13): 1188–92. Epub 2006 Sep 18

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Hongratanaworakit T, Buchbauer G (2004) Evaluation of the harmonizing effect of ylang-ylang oil on humans after inhalation. Planta Med 70(7): 632–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Hwang JH (2006) The effects of the inhalation method using essential oils on blood pressure and stress responses of clients with essential hypertension. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi 36(7): 1123–34

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  191. Jäger W, Nasel B, Nasel C et al. (1996) Pharmacokinetic studies of the fragrance compound 1,8-cineol in humans during inhalation. Chem Senses 21(4): 477–80

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Nasel C, Nasel B, Samec P et al. (1994) Functional imaging of effects of fragrances on the human brain after prolonged inhalation. Chem Senses 19(4): 359–64

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Blanco MM, Costa CA, Freire AO et al. (2009) Neurobehavioral effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus in mice. Phytomedicine 16(2–3): 265–70. Epub 2007 Jun 11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Quintans-Júnior LJ, da Rocha RF, Caregnato FF, Moreira JC et al. (2011) Antinociceptive action and redox properties of citronellal, an essential oil present in lemon-grass. J Med Food 14(6): 630–9. Epub 2011 Apr 11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Silva MR, Ximenes RM, da Costa JG et al. (2010) Comparative anticonvulsant activities of the essential oils (EOs) from Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 381(5): 415–26. Epub 2010 Mar 17

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Brum LF, Elisabetsky E, Souza D (2001) Effects of linalool on [(3)H]MK801 and [(3) H] muscimol binding in mouse cortical membranes. Phytother Res 15(5): 422–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Elisabetsky E, Marschner J, Souza DO (1995) Effects of Linalool on glutamatergic system in the rat cerebral cortex. Neurochem Res 20(4): 461–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. Hiki N, Kurosaka H, Tatsutomi Y et al. (2003) Peppermint oil reduces gastric spasm during upper endoscopy: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc 57(4): 475–82

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Hiki N, Kaminishi M, Yasuda K et al. (2011) Antiperistaltic effect and safety of L-menthol sprayed on the gastric mucosa for upper GI endoscopy: a phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gastrointest Endosc 73(5): 932–41. Epub 2011 Feb 26

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  200. Hiki N (2010) Peppermint oil reduces gastric motility during the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Nihon Rinsho 68(11): 2126–34

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  201. Asao T, Kuwano H, Ide M et al. (2003) Spasmolytic effect of peppermint oil in barium during double-contrast barium enema compared with Buscopan. Clin Radiol 58(4): 301–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Yamamoto N, Nakai Y, Sasahira N et al. (2006) Efficacy of peppermint oil as an antispasmodic during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 21(9): 1394–8

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  203. Bastos VP, Brito TS, Lima FJ et al. (2009) Inhibitory effect of 1,8-cineole on guinea-pig airway challenged with ovalbumin involves a preferential action on electromechanical coupling. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 36(11): 1120–6. Epub 2009 Apr 27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. de Menezes IA, Moreira IJ, de Paula JW et al. (2010) Cardiovascular effects inducced by Cymbopogon wintcrianus essential oil in rats:involvement of calcium channels and vagal pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol Feb 62(2): 215–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  205. Buddhakala N, Talubmook C, Sriyotha P et al. (2008) Inhibitory effects of ginger oil on spontaneous and PGF2alpha-induced contraction of rat myometrium. Planta Med 74(4): 385–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Riyazi A, Hensel A, Bauer K et al. (2007) The effects of the volatile oil from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale), its fractions ans isolated compounds on the 5-HT3 receptor complex and the serotoninergic system of the rat ileum. Planta Med Apr 73(4): 355–62

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Geiger JL (2005) The essential oil of ginger, Zingiber officinale, and anaesthesia. Int. J Aromather 15: 7–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Koto R, Imamura M, Watanabe C et al. (2006) Linalyl acetate as a major ingredient of lavender essential oil relaxes the rabbit vascular smooth muscle through dephosphorylation of myosin light chain. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 48(1): 850–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Kim HJ, Yang HM, Kim DH et al. (2003) Effects of ylang-ylang essential oil on the relaxation of rat bladder muscle in vitro and white rabbit bladder in vivo. J Korean Med Sci 18(3): 409–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Boyd EM, Sheppard EP (1971) An autumn-enhanced mucotropic action of inhaled terpenes and related volatile agents. Pharmacology 6(2): 65–80

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Kehrl W, Sonnemann U, Dethlefsen U (2004) Therapy for acute nonpurulent rhinosinusitis with cineole: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Laryngoscope 114(4): 738–42

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Zänker KS, Blümel G (1993) Terpene-induced lowering of surface tension in vitro: a rationale for surfactant substitution. Res Exp Med (Berl) 182(1): 33–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  213. de Sousa AA, Soares PM, de Almeida AN et al. (2010) Antispasmodic effect of Mentha piperita essential oil on tracheal smooth muscle of rats. J Ethnopharmacol 130(2): 433–6. Epub 2010 May 19

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. Haidl P, Kemper P, Butnarasu SJ et al. (2001) Does the inhalation of a 1 % L-menthol solution in the premedication of fiberoptic bronchoscopy affect coughing and the sensation of dyspnea? Pneumologie 55(3): 115–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Kenia P, Houghton T, Beardsmore C (2008) Does inhaling menthol affect nasal patency or cough? Pediatr Pulmonol 43(6): 532–7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  216. Morice AH, Marshall AE, Higgins KS, Grattan TJ (1994) Effect of inhaled menthol on citric acid induced cough in normal subjects. Thorax 49(10): 1024–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Begrow F, Engelbertz J, Feistel B et al. (2010) Impact of thymol in thyme extracts on their antispasmodic action and ciliary clearance. Planta Med 76(4): 311–8. Epub 2009 Oct 6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Wienkötter N, Begrow F, Kinzinger U et al. (2007) The effect of thyme extract on beta2-receptors and mucociliary clearance. Planta Med 73(7): 629–35. Epub 2007 Jun 12

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Boskabady MH, Ramazani M, Tabei T (2003) Relaxant effects of different fractions of essential oil from Carum copticum on guinea pig tracheal chains. Phytother Res Dec 17(10): 1145–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Boskabady MH, Rahbardar MG, Jafari Z (2011) The effect of safranal on histamine (H(1)) receptors of guinea pig tracheal chains. Fitoterapia 82(2): 162–7. Epub 2010 Sep 8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  221. Boskabady MH, Aslani MR (2006) Relaxant effect of Crocus sativus (saffron) on guinea-pig tracheal chains and its possible mechanisms. J Pharm Pharmacol 58(10): 1385–90

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Nemati H, Boskabady MH, Ahmadzadef Vostakolaei H (2008) Stimulatory effect of Crocus sativus (saffron) on beta2-adrenoceptors of guinea pig tracheal chains. Phytomedicine 15(12): 1038–45. Epub 2008 Sep 3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pour en savoir plus

  • Alves Ade M, Gonçalves JC, Cruz JS, Araújo DA (2010) Evaluation of the sesquiterpene (−)-alpha-bisabolol as a novel peripheral nervous blocker. Neurosci Lett 472(1): 11–5. Epub 2010 Jan 25

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hadji-Minaglou F, Monin Claude, Roos P (2000) Encyclopédie universelle d’aromathérapie. ACPHYTAROMA. Cabris. France. acphytaroma.online.fr

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan MS, Malik A, Ahmad I (2012) Anti-candidal activity of essential oils alone and in combination with amphotericin B or fluconazole against multi-drug resistant isolates of Candida albicans. Med Mycol 50(1): 33–42

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kwieciński J, Eick S, Wójcik K (2009) Effects of teatree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil on Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms and stationary growth phase. Int J Antimicrob Agents 33(4): 343–7. Epub 2008 Dec 17

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monin C, Hadji-Minaglou F, Roos P (2002) Encyclopédie universelle des matières premières naturelles pour la parfumerie. ACPHYTAROMA. Cabris. France. acphytaroma.online.fr

    Google Scholar 

  • Sayed-Ahmed MM, Aleisa AM, Al-Rejaie SS et al. (2010) Thymoquinone attenuates diethylnitrosamine induction of hepatic carcinogenesis through antioxidant signaling. Oxid Med Cell Longev 3(4): 254–61

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakurada T, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H et al. (2011) Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil induces peripheral antinociception mediated by opioid mechanism. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 97(3): 436–43. Epub 2010 Oct 13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takarada K, Kimizuka R, Takahashi N, Honma K, Okuda K, Kato T. A comparison of the antibacterial efficacies of essential oils against oral pathogens. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2004 Feb; 19(1):61–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Unlu M, Ergene E, Unlu GV et al. (2010) Composition, antimicrobial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity of essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae). Food Chem Toxicol 48(11): 3274–80. Epub 2010 Sep 7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag France, Paris

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kaloustian, J., Hadji-Minaglou, F. (2012). Pharmacologie. In: La connaissance des huiles essentielles : qualitologie et aromathérapie. Collection Phytothérapie pratique. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0309-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0309-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0308-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0309-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics