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Physiopathologie et génétique de la migraine

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Migraine, céphalées de l’enfant et de l’adolescent

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Résumé

Avec sa forte prévalence et son pronostic bénin, la migraine résulte probablement d’altérations subtiles mais complexes du fonctionnement cérébral. Cette maladie paroxystique évolue par crises aux caractéristiques éminemment variables d’un patient à l’autre et parfois d’une crise à l’autre [1]. La céphalée en est le symptôme principal mais de multiples autres manifestations peuvent survenir avant, pendant et après la douleur, et celle-ci peut même être absente. Les deux variétés principales de crises sont la migraine sans aura (MSA) et la migraine avec aura (MA) dans laquelle la céphalée est précédée ou accompagnée de troubles neurologiques transitoires visuels, sensitifs, aphasiques et rarement moteurs ou basilaires [2]. Certains patients ont uniquement des MSA, d’autres uniquement des MA, et d’autres ont les deux. Pour certains, MSA et MA sont deux entités séparées qui peuvent coexister par hasard chez le même patient [3, 4]. D’autres considèrent la migraine comme une affection unique ayant un large spectre clinique allant de la MSA pure à une extrémité, jusqu’à la migraine avec aura complexe ou hémiplégique à l’autre extrémité [5].

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  1. Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, 80, avenue Auguste-Fliche, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    A. Ducros

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Ducros, A. (2014). Physiopathologie et génétique de la migraine. In: Migraine, céphalées de l’enfant et de l’adolescent. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0235-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0235-0_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0234-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0235-0

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