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Le sommeil chez les patients en état de conscience altérée

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Book cover Coma et états de conscience altérée

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Résumé

On considère maintenant la conscience comme un concept à facettes multiples, qui a deux composantes majeures : l’éveil et la conscience. L’éveil se réfère au niveau de conscience, c’est-à-dire la vigilance, et dépend de populations neuronales du tronc cérébral se projetant vers les zones thalamiques et corticales. La conscience se réfère au contenu de conscience, c’est-à-dire la conscience de soi et de son environnement, et dépend de l’intégrité fonctionnelle du cortex cérébral et de ses connexions sous-corticales. Les deux composantes diminuent progressivement, tandis que le sommeil s’approfondit. Dans quelques situations pathologiques, néanmoins, l’éveil et la conscience sont dissociés. C’est par exemple le cas des patients dans le coma, en état végétatif (EV) ou en état de conscience minimale (ECM). La question est donc de savoir si et dans quelle mesure le sommeil est altéré chez les patients cérébro-lésés. Il est admis qu’une des fonctions du sommeil est de rétablir l’homéostasie générale (en particulier des structures cérébrales sous-corticales) et de stabiliser les connections neurales. Par conséquent, le manque de sommeil pourrait bien prédire une faible probabilité de récupération chez ces patients.

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Authors
  1. V. Cologan
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Cologan, V. (2011). Le sommeil chez les patients en état de conscience altérée. In: Coma et états de conscience altérée. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0127-8_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0127-8_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0126-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0127-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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