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Insuline: de la production au mode ďaction

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Book cover Traité de nutrition artificielle de l’adulte

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Abstrait

Chez ľHomme et les mammifères de façon générale, la sécrétion ďinsuline par les cellules bêta des îlots de Langerhans joue un rôle majeur dans ľhoméostasie énergétique et notamment dans le contrôle de la glycémie. Une augmentation du débit de sécrétion de ľinsuline est le seul moyen dont ľorganisme dispose pour lutter contre ľhyperglycémie, alors qu’il existe plusieurs facteurs nerveux ou hormonaux dits contrarégulateurs, dont la libération est déclenchée par ľhypoglycémie. La molécule de glucose est indiscutablement le signal régulateur majeur de la biosynthèse et de la sécrétion de ľinsuline; c’est aussi le seul signal métabolique qui active le processus sécrétoire à des concentrations similaires aux concentrations physiologiques. Cependant on connaît de nombreux autres facteurs régulateurs de la sécrétion ďinsuline. Parmie eux: des nutriments (des acides aminés, les corps cétoniques et les acides gras), des médiateurs du système nerveux (noradrénaline, acétylcholine), des signaux hormonaux (GIP, GLP-1, leptine) et des agents pharmacologiques (sulfonylurées).

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  1. B. Portha
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© 2007 Springer-Verlag France, Paris

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Portha, B. (2007). Insuline: de la production au mode ďaction. In: Traité de nutrition artificielle de l’adulte. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-33475-7_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-33475-7_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-287-33474-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-287-33475-7

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