Abstract
This chapter gives an overview of the main ash formation and deposition mechanisms for various relevant biomass fuels, also in blends with selected coals, in pulverised-fuel (PF) boilers. The chapter is divided into three sections. In the first, a general outline of the ash formation mechanisms is given. The second section gives a review of experimental and analytical techniques for the (lab-scale) characterisation of fuels, with the emphasis on the ash-forming elements contents and fate during the combustion. Fuel reactivity and burnout, devolatilisation behaviour, N-release and slagging and fouling propensity are discussed. Also, a detailed overview of the experimental conditions and their relevance for the existing as well as the future technologies is given. Further an outline of diagnostic techniques for the in-boiler characterisation of slagging and fouling is issued. In the third section, key ash-formation phenomena are discussed for various pure biomass fuels and selected typical coals. This is done on the basis of exemplified results, generated with the techniques discussed in the foregoing section. For slagging and fouling this is also backed up with data from full-scale diagnostic measurements.
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Cieplik, M., Fryda, L., van de Kamp, W., Kiel, J. (2011). Ash Formation, Slagging and Fouling in Biomass Co-firing in Pulverised-fuel Boilers. In: Grammelis, P. (eds) Solid Biofuels for Energy. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-393-0_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-393-0_9
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