Abstract
The dipsticks are very sensitive for blood and can be positive at <5 RBCs per high power field. Evidence of red blood cells in the urine should be confirmed by microscopy which should be performed on fresh urine. Contrast microscopy has been advocated with anatomically normal red blood cells suggesting bleeding of lower urinary tract origin as distinct from dysmorphic red cells suggesting a higher (glomerular) source. However, the test is very rarely applied in pediatric practice. Microscopy of urine can help in diagnosis with the presence of red cell casts indicating glomerular bleeding.
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Watson, A.R. (2010). Hematuria and Proteinuria. In: Godbole, P., Koyle, M., Wilcox, D. (eds) Guide to Pediatric Urology and Surgery in Clinical Practice. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-366-4_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-366-4_14
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