Abstract
The lungs are effectively excluded from the circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB); therefore, inadequate pulmonary blood flow may result in postoperative impairment of pulmonary vascular endothelial function and inability for optimal gas exchange. Blood is shunted through the lungs, either perfusing inadequately ventilated alveoli or not sufficiently oxygenated because of alveolar-capillary block. The pathogenesis usually is multifactorial, involving intrinsic aspects of CPB and inflammatory mechanisms.1 Although the vast majority of cases feature subclinical changes, the most complex manifestation of this endothelial injury is acute respiratory distress syndrome, which accounts for fewer than 2% of cases and usually has a mortality rate greater than 50%.2,3
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Gabriel, E.A., Salerno, T. (2010). Impact of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Gas Exchange Features. In: Gabriel, E., Salerno, T. (eds) Principles of Pulmonary Protection in Heart Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-308-4_25
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-308-4_25
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