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Role of microRNA in Skeleton Development

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Bone and Development

Part of the book series: Topics in Bone Biology ((TBB,volume 6))

Abstract

miRNAs are single-stranded RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides that repress protein expression at a posttranscriptional level through base pairing, usually with the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of the target mRNA [1, 5, 75]. Since the discovery of the founding members of the miRNA family, lin-4 and let-7 [37, 64, 81], hundreds of miRNA genes have been identified. Many of these are independent transcriptional units that do not differ much from other protein-coding genes in recruiting transcription factors and RNA polymerase II for their transcription. miRNA genes may have promoter-enhancing regulatory sequences upstream - however, about half of miRNA genes are embedded within the introns of protein-coding genes. This omits the need for independent transcriptional regulatory elements and results in coupled transcriptional control, i.e., where the miRNA is coexpressed with the gene that codes for the protein. Posttranscriptional processing of miRNA precursors is then conducted in concert with the splicing of the mRNA that codes for the given protein.

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Acknowledgment

The work at the Hornstein lab is supported by research grants from the JDRF, IDF, BIRAX, the Benoziyo Center for Neurological Disease, the Estate of Flourence Blau and the Wolfson Family Charitable trust for miRNA work at the Weizmann Institute.

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  1. Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, ISR, Israel

    Ben Gradus & Eran Hornstein

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  1. Ben Gradus
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington Ave. 263, Farmington, 06030-6125, USA

    Felix Bronner

  2. Dept. Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, 19716, USA

    Mary C. Farach-Carson

  3. IDS Building, MP887, Bone & Joint Research Group, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom

    H.I (Trudy) Roach

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Gradus, B., Hornstein, E. (2010). Role of microRNA in Skeleton Development. In: Bronner, F., Farach-Carson, M., Roach, H. (eds) Bone and Development. Topics in Bone Biology, vol 6. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-822-3_5

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