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Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Vascular Function

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Advances in Vascular Medicine

Abstract

The study of vascular tone regulation has been traditionally focused on layer-specific mechanisms and has changed through the years. Most early functional studies ­characterized vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents and their receptor types and subtypes. At the same time, a bulk of investigation focused on the neural regulation of medial function, characterized perivascular innervation in the adventitia and adventitial-medial border, and described both vasoconstrictor and vasodilator neurotransmitters. The identification in the 1980s of nitric oxide (NO) as an ­endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) reoriented vascular function studies of the next two decades. As a consequence, the endothelial layer is now considered a paracrine tissue, which produces and releases a variety of contractile and relaxant factors that directly and indirectly regulate medial function through modulation of neurotransmitter release. During this time, the adventitia was only regarded as a structural support for the media and its functional role was ignored. However, in recent years, there is increasing evidence of a direct modulation of the adventitia on blood vessel function in a variety of situations (for review see ref.).1-3

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Juan XXIII, 1, E-28040, Madrid, Spain

    Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso

Authors
  1. Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso
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  2. Marta Gil-Ortega
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  3. Beatriz Somoza
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    David Abraham

  2. The Royal Free & Univ College Med School, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Handler Clive

  3. University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Michael Dashwood

  4. The Royal Free & Univ College Med School, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Gerry Coghlan

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© 2009 Springer-Verlag London

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Fernández-Alfonso, M.S., Gil-Ortega, M., Somoza, B. (2009). Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Vascular Function. In: Abraham, D., Clive, H., Dashwood, M., Coghlan, G. (eds) Advances in Vascular Medicine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-637-3_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-637-3_10

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84882-637-3

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