Abstract
Urinary incontinence (UI) or the involuntary leakage of urine is a distressing and serious health problem. Its psychosocial and economic burden leads to significant quality of life issues. The prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) differs by type, etiology, gender, age, and distribution1 (see Fig. 32.1). The three most common types of UI are stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), or a combination of both, mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). The International Continence Society (ICS) defines SUI as involuntary leakage on effort or exertion, or on sneezing or coughing. UUI refers to involuntary leakage accompanied or immediately preceded by urgency. MUI is defined as a complaint of involuntary leakage associated with urgency and also with exertion, effort, sneezing, or coughing.3 UI is a manifestation of different types of injury and disease processes of the lower urinary tract or the nervous system that regulates it.4 This chapter describes the epidemiology, economics, and pathophysiology of incontinence. The importance of a proper work-up for accurate diagnosis is included. Conservative, pharmacological, and surgical therapy for women and men is delineated.
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Padmanabhan, P., Dmochowski, R. (2011). Urinary Incontinence. In: Chapple, C., Steers, W. (eds) Practical Urology: Essential Principles and Practice. Springer Specialist Surgery Series. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-034-0_32
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