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Grid Integration of Wind Energy Systems

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Power Electronics in Smart Electrical Energy Networks

Part of the book series: Power Systems ((POWSYS))

Abstract

Considering all renewable sources, wind energy has a global share of 42%. The number of Wind Energy Converters (WECs) rapidly increases world-wide. By the end of 2007 a global wind power of nearly 94 GW had been installed. Looking at country-dependent models for improved feed-in tariffs or quota system models the economical position of this energy conversion type has improved significantly over the last ten years. At the same time these different financial conditions has led to diverse installation numbers. As a result Europe has 75% of the installed wind power, America 15%, Asia 10%, Africa 1% and Australia/Pacific 1.5%. Beacuse of this growth, mainly Europe has become a high technology wind energy area with new drive train concepts, high generator powers and high rotor blade lengths. Unit powers increased rapidly from 180 kW in 1992 to 6 MW in 2007, whereas the higher unit powers above 3 MW are exclusively European technology. These high power WECs are mainly designed for offshore installations, which is a European speciality due to the necessary geological and economical conditions. The highest country share of global wind power belongs to Germany with 28%, followed by Spain, USA, India and Denmark. High potential for future years is forecast for USA, Spain, France and Poland. The United States installed 5.2 GW in 2007, the highest share of new wind power. Onshore and offshore installations require different technologies and therefore they are discussed separately.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Electrical Power Engineering, Helmut-Schmidt-University, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043, Hamburg, Germany

    Detlef Schulz

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  1. Detlef Schulz
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-87 Morska street, 81-225, Gdynia, Poland

    Ryszard Michal Strzelecki

  2. Institute of Electrical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 50 Podgórna street, 65-246, Zielona Góra, Poland

    Grzegorz Benysek

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© 2008 Springer London

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Schulz, D. (2008). Grid Integration of Wind Energy Systems. In: Strzelecki, R., Benysek, G. (eds) Power Electronics in Smart Electrical Energy Networks. Power Systems. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-318-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-318-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-84800-317-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84800-318-7

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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