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Epilepsy and Cognition

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Epilepsy and Intellectual Disabilities

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The effects of epilepsy are felt in multiple aspects of the person’s life, including physical and mental health, cognitive function, educational achievements, vocational prospects, and family and peer relations.1. Cognition, which includes processes such as intelligent thinking, perceiving, remembering, reasoning, judging, expressing, and understanding, has an important role in the inception, evolution, and manifestation of many of these other aspects of function recognized to be compromised in people with epilepsy. Most cases of epilepsy have their onset in childhood, and thus seizure onset commonly occurs at a time that is essential to the development of basic cognitive, behavioral, and social skills that are crucial for long-term educational, vocational, and interpersonal adaptation.2–4. Therefore, an understanding of the cognitive deficits associated with epilepsy and of their predisposing factors is essential for appreciating the full impact of epilepsy.

Deficits in cognition are identified by people with epilepsy and their families as a significant comorbidity. For example, in a study by Arunkumar and colleagues, 5 parents of 80 children and adolescents with epilepsy were asked to list in order of importance their concerns about living with or caring for their children with epilepsy; children who were old enough to be interviewed were asked to express (independently of their parents) their own concerns about having epilepsy. For both parents and children, the second most common item identified was that of the cognitive effects of epilepsy. Their worries included learning disabilities, academic difficulties, poor attention and concentration, and impoverished memory. In terms of impact, these issues are not specific to children; in a survey by the International Bureau of Epilepsy, 44% of patients with epilepsy complained of difficulty learning, and 45% of slowness in thinking. 6 It has also been demonstrated that cognitive function is a significant predictor of self-evaluation of quality of life among adults with epilepsy.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada

    M. L. Smith PhD

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  1. Liverpool John Moore University and South Birmingham PCT, c/o Greenfields, Monyhull, Kings Norton, Birmingham, UK

    Vee P. Prasher MBChB, MRCPsych, MMedSc, MD, PhD, F.IASSID

  2. Welsh Centre for Learning Disabilities, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK

    Mike P. Kerr MBChB, MRCPsych, MSc, MPhil, F.IASSID

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Smith, M.L. (2008). Epilepsy and Cognition. In: Prasher, V.P., Kerr, M.P. (eds) Epilepsy and Intellectual Disabilities. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-259-3_12

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-84800-258-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84800-259-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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