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Notes
- 1.
This is not to dismiss the need for more focused PD methods at later stages, indeed, the initial user engagement maybe seen as feeding into later PD processes. User engagement should be throughout the life of a project, not just certain stages. If the user engagement is missing at the beginning of a project it may not be possible to repair the situation in light of later user engagement. Conversely, user engagement needs to be maintained towards the end of a project, rather than be replaced by proxies and user representatives where the benefits of initial user engagement can be ‘lost’. There is a need for a more even approach to user engagement, and different types of such engagement, including PD-type approaches throughout the life of a project (Martin et al. 2005, 2008).
- 2.
The County Durham & Darlington Electronic Health Record Project (DuDEHR), led by the Health Authority in collaboration with the Sowerby Centre for Health Informatics at the University of Newcastle (SCHIN) and a health care software supplier Eclipsys (now part of I-Soft), was one of the four pan-community demonstrators. The team involved in the Demonstrator project included Sarah Bell, Nick Booth, Andrew Izon, K. Neil Jenkings, Judy Kohannajad, Jasmin Latiff, Mike Martin, Paul Morgan and the IT team at SCHIN. The Animator storyboard was developed by Mike Martin. Special thanks go to Andrew Thompson.
- 3.
The terms ‘primary care’ and ‘secondary care’ in the context of the UK NHS are used here as referring to: primary health care as a general practitioner or other non-hospital-based health professional; secondary health care as care provided by hospital medical specialists or staff members; tertiary health care being specialist hospitals.
- 4.
National Service Frameworks are formal, long-term strategies for improving specific areas of care with set goals and set time frames. They incorporate national standards and identify key interventions for a defined service or care group.
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Acknowledgements
This chapter has benefited from various parties including Geraldine Fitzpatrick, Tim Rapley and Rob Wilson. I would also like to acknowledge the editors, especially Mark Hartswood.
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Jenkings, K.N. (2009). User-Designer Relations in Technology Production: The Development and Evaluation of an ‘Animator’ Tool to Facilitate User Involvement in the Development of Electronic Health Records. In: Büscher, M., Slack, R., Rouncefield, M., Procter, R., Hartswood, M., Voss, A. (eds) Configuring User-Designer Relations. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-925-5_4
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