Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Overactive Pelvic Floor Muscles and Related Pain

  • Chapter
Pelvic Floor Re-education

  • 2657 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, the condition of overactive pelvic floor (OAPF) is defined, and its resultant symptom of pain and its effect on bladder and bowel function are explained. The clinical findings are reviewed. The causation is multifactorial.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Halligan S, Bartram CI, Park HJ, et al. Proctographic features of anismus. Radiol. 1995;197:679–682.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Messelink B, Benson T, Berghmans B, et al. Standardization of terminology of pelvic floor muscle function and dysfunction: report from the pelvic floor clinical assessment group of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 2005;24:374–380.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Fitzgerald MP, Kotarinos R. Rehabilitation of the short pelvic floor: Background and patient evaluation. Int Urogynecol J. 2003;14:261–268.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Shelly B, Knight S, King P, et al. Aetiology of pelvic floor muscle pain syndromes. In: Laycock J and Haslam J, editors. Therapeutic management of incontinence and pelvic pain. London: Springer-Verlag; 2002:167–170.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Meadows E. Treatment for patients with pelvic pain. Urolog Nurs. 1999;19(1):33–35.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Segura JW, Opitz JL, Greene LF. Prostatosis, prostatitis or pelvic floor tension myalgia. J Urol. 1979; 122:168–169.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Everaert K, Devulder J, De Muynck M, et al. The pain cycle: Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic pain syndromes. Int Urogynecol J. 2001;12:9–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Schmidt RA, Vapnek JM. Pelvic floor behavior and interstitial cystitis. Semin Urol. 1991;9(2):154–159.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Weiss JM. Pelvic floor myofascial trigger points: manual therapy for interstitial cystitis and the urgency-frequency syndrome. J Urol. 2001;166(6): 2226–2231.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Zermann DH, Manabu I, Doggweiler R, et al. Neurological insights into the etiology of genitourinary pain in men. J Urol. 1999;161:903–908.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bleijenberg G, Kuijpers HC. Treatment of the spastic pelvic floor syndrome with biofeedback. Dis Col Rec. 1987;50(2):108–111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Walker EA, Gelfand AN, Gelfand MD, et al. Chronic pelvic pain and gynecological symptoms in women with irritable bowel syndrome. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 1996;17(1):39–46.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Chung AK, Peters KM, Diokno AC. Epidemiology of the dysfunctional urinary sphincter. In: Corcos J and Schick E, editors. The urinary sphincter. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001:183–191.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Glazer HI, Rodke G, Swencionis C, et al. Treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome with electromyographic biofeedback of pelvic floor musculature. J Reprod Med. 1995;40(4):283–290.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Antolak SJ, Hough DM, Pawlina W, et al. Anatomical basis of chronic pelvic pain syndrome: the ischial spine and pudendal nerve entrapment. Med Hypotheses. 2002;59(3):349–353.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Zermann DH, Manabu I, Schmidt RA. Pathophysiology of the hypertonic sphincter or hypertonic urethra. In: Corcos J and Schick E, editors. The urinary sphincter. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001:201–218.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Zermann DH, Manabu I, Schmidt RA. Management of the hypertonic sphincter or hyperpathic urethra. In: Corcos J and Schick E, editors. The urinary sphincter. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001:679–686.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hetrick DC, Ciol MA, Rothman I, et al. Musculoskeletal dysfunction in men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome type III: a case-control study. J Urol. 2003;170(3):828–831.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Pool-Goudzwaard A, Hoek Van Dijke G, Van Gurp M, et al. Contribution of pelvic floor muscles to stiffness of the pelvic ring. Clin Biomech. 2004; 19(6):564–571.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Sapsford RR, Hodges PW. Contractions of the pelvic floor muscles during abdominal maneuvers. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82(8):1081–1088.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ab E, Schoenmaker M, van Empelen R, et al. Paradoxical movement of the pelvic floor in dysfunctional voiding and the results of biofeedback training. BJU Int. 2002;89(Suppl 2):1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Jarvis SK, Abbott JA, Lenart MB, et al. Pilot study of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;44(1):46–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Yeung C. Pathophysiology of bladder dysfunction. In: Pediatric urology. Gearhart JP, Rink R, Mouriquand P, editors. WB Saunders: Philadelphia; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lee HH, Chen SH, Chen DF, et al. Defecographic evaluation of patients with defecation difficulties. J Formos Med Assoc. 1994;93(11–12):944–949.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kuijpers HC, Bleijenberg G. The spastic pelvic floor syndrome. Dis Col Rec. 1985;28(9):669–672.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Munarriz R, Kim NN, Goldstein I, et al. Biology of female sexual function. Urol Clin N Am. 2002; 29:685–693.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Bachmann GA, Phillips NA. Sexual dysfunction In: Steege JF, Metzger DA, Levy BS, editors. Chronic pelvic pain. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1998:77–90.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Jacob MC, De Nardis MC. Sexual and physical abuse and chronic pelvic pain. In: Steege JF, Metzger DA, Levy BS, editors. Chronic pelvic pain. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1998:13–24.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Drossman DA. Physical and sexual abuse and gastrointestinal illness: What is the link? Am J Med. 1994;97:105.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Ellsworth PI, Merguerian PA, Copening ME. Sexual abuse: another causative factor in dysfunctional voiding. J Urol. 1995;153:773–776.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Salonia A, Zanni G, Nappi RE, et al. Sexual dysfunction is common in women with lower urinary fract symptoms and urinary incontinence: Results of a cross-sectional study. Euro Urol. 2004;45:642–648.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery Division of Pediatric Surgery and Pedriatric Urology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China

    Wendy F. Bower PhD

Authors
  1. Wendy F. Bower PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gynaecology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany

    Kaven Baessler MD (Consultant Gynaecologist) (Consultant Gynaecologist)

  2. Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Kathryn L. Burgio PhD (Professor of Medicine, Associate Director) (Professor of Medicine, Associate Director)

  3. Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Kathryn L. Burgio PhD (Professor of Medicine, Associate Director) (Professor of Medicine, Associate Director)

  4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Peggy A. Norton MD (Professor Chief of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery) (Professor Chief of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery)

  5. Neue Frauenklinik, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland

    Bernhard Schüssler MD, PhD (Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology) (Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

  6. Department of Urogynaecology, University of New South Wales St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Kate H. Moore MBBS, MD, FRCOG, FRANZCOG, CU (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

  7. Portland Hospital, London, UK

    Stuart L. Stanton FRCS, FRCOG, FRANZCOG(Hon) (Professor of Pelvic Floor Reconstruction and Urogynaecology) (Professor of Pelvic Floor Reconstruction and Urogynaecology)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bower, W.F. (2008). Overactive Pelvic Floor Muscles and Related Pain. In: Baessler, K., Burgio, K.L., Norton, P.A., Schüssler, B., Moore, K.H., Stanton, S.L. (eds) Pelvic Floor Re-education. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-505-9_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-505-9_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-85233-968-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84628-505-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation