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Hypertension in the Pregnant Teenager

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Pediatric Hypertension

Part of the book series: Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Diseases ((CHVD))

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Abstract

Hypertension occurs in approximately 15–20 % of pregnancies and is associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity. Most importantly, it results in preterm delivery and is associated with other conditions in the spectrum of placental ischemic disease such as intrauterine growth retardation and placental abruption. Chronic hypertension increases the risk for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Hypertension during pregnancy is also associated with increased future cardiovascular risk in the mother and her offspring. Topics to be discussed in this chapter include the classification of hypertensive orders in pregnancy, normal blood pressure patterns during pregnancy, the pathophysiology of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, features unique to the pregnant adolescent, the epidemiology and outcome of hypertension during pregnancy, and treatment guidelines.

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Abbreviations

2-ME:

2-methoxyestradiol

ABPM:

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

ACEi:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

ANP:

Atrial natriuretic protein

ARB:

Angiotensin receptor blocker

BMI:

Body mass index

BP:

Blood pressure

CI:

Confidence interval

COMT:

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

DBP:

Diastolic BP

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

HELLP:

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets syndrome

HIF:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1

MAP:

Mean arterial pressure

OR:

Odds ratio

PlGF:

Placental growth factor

SBP:

Systolic BP

sEng:

Endoglin

sFlt1:

Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Children’s Way, DOT 10111, Nashville, TN, 37232-9560, USA

    Tracy E. Hunley M.D. & Deborah P. Jones M.D.

  2. Adolescent and Young Adult Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 719 Thompson Lane, Suite 36300, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA

    Neerav Desai M.D.

Authors
  1. Tracy E. Hunley M.D.
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  2. Neerav Desai M.D.
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  3. Deborah P. Jones M.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tracy E. Hunley M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Washington, Division of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Sand Point Way NE. 4800, Seattle, 98105, Washington, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn

  2. Harvard Medical School, Pediatric Nephrology Unit, MassGeneral Hospital for Children at MGH, Fruit St. 55, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

  3. Global Clinical Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Provinceline Road, Princeton, 08543, New Jersey, USA

    Ronald J. Portman

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Hunley, T.E., Desai, N., Jones, D.P. (2013). Hypertension in the Pregnant Teenager. In: Flynn, J., Ingelfinger, J., Portman, R. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Diseases. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-490-6_28

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