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Dietary Methods to Treat Acute Gastroenteritis

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Nutrition in Infancy

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Abstract

Acute gastroenteritis is one of the most common illnesses seen in children in the USA. It is the most common infectious disease syndromes in humans rivaled only by respiratory tract infections. Five billion cases occur worldwide annually accounting for 15–30 % of all deaths in developing countries [1]. Close to five million cases of gastroenteritis occur annually in the USA alone, with four million cases seen by a healthcare provider [1, 2]. Gastroenteritis (GE) is the single most common disorder seen in the emergency department (ED). It can be the result of infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, or parasitic infections, or as a result of other non-gastrointestinal illness Table 10.1 [2–4]. The vast majority of the cases of GE (60 % of mild cases in children aged 2 months to 2 years, and 80 % of moderate to severe diarrhea) are viral in origin. Proven pathogens include rotavirus (the most common), caliciviruses, astroviruses, enteric adenovirus serotypes 40 and 41 (group F), and some picornaviruses (Aichi virus). A smaller percentage of these cases are bacterial in origin such as those caused by Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio species and Clostridium difficile. Recent advances in public health infrastructure have dramatically reduced the incidence of bacterial and parasitic GE in developing countries with improvements in the treatment and delivery of water [1]. Tragically, viral GE has not demonstrated the same decline.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS#3, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA

    Sylvia del Castillo M.D.

  2. Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Kirsti Catton P.N.P.

Authors
  1. Sylvia del Castillo M.D.
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  2. Kirsti Catton P.N.P.
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Correspondence to Sylvia del Castillo M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Arizona Health Science Center, Mel and Enid Zuckerman, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin, Tucson, 85724-5155, Arizona, USA

    Ronald Ross Watson

  2. Centre for Gastroenterology, and Nutrition, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    George Grimble

  3. School of Medicine, Diabetes & Nutritional, King's College London, 150 Stamford St., London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  4. Division of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Avenue, Tucson, 85724, Arizona, USA

    Sherma Zibadi

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del Castillo, S., Catton, K. (2013). Dietary Methods to Treat Acute Gastroenteritis. In: Watson, R., Grimble, G., Preedy, V., Zibadi, S. (eds) Nutrition in Infancy. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-254-4_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-254-4_10

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