Skip to main content

Arrhythmias

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Cardiac Drug Therapy

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cardiology ((CONCARD))

  • 3489 Accesses

Abstract

The rational basis of antiarrhythmic therapy ideally requires a knowledge of:

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ahsan SY, Moon JC, Hayward MP, et al. Constrictive pericarditis after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2008;118:e834–5. 10.1161.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alboni P, Tomasi C, Menozzi C, et al. Efficacy and safety of out-of-hospital self-administered single-dose oral drug treatment in the management of infrequent, well-tolerated paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:548–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JL, Jolivette DM, Fredell PA. Summary of efficacy and safety of flecainide for supraventricular arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol. 1988;62:62D.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Antzelevitch C, Brugada P, Brugada J, et al. Brugada syndrome: 1992–2002: a historical perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1665–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Antzelevitch C, Brugada P, Borggrefe M, et al. Brugada syndrome: report of the second consensus conference: endorsed by the heart rhythm society and the European heart rhythm association. Circulation. 2005;111:659–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Antzelevitch C. Genetic basis of Brugada syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2007;4:756–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bardy GH, Lee KL, Mark DB, et al. Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:225–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belhassen B, Glick A, Viskin S. Efficacy of quinidine in high-risk patients with Brugada syndrome. Circulation. 2004;110:1731–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benditt DG, Dunnigan A, Buetikofer J, et al. Flecainide acetate for long-term prevention of PSVT. Circulation. 1991;83:345.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brugada P, Brugada J. Right bundle branch block, persistent ST segment elevation and sudden cardiac death: a distinct clinical and electrocardiographic syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20:1391–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brugada J, Brugada R, Antzelevitch C, et al. Long-term follow-up of individuals with the electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle branch block and ST-segment elevation in precordial leads V1 to V3. Circulation. 2002;105:73–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buxton AE, Marchlinski FE, Flores BT, et al. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with coronary artery disease: role of electro-physiological study. Circulation. 1986;75:1178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cappato R, Calkins H, Chen S, et al. Worldwide survey on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation for human atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2005;111:1100–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Girardengo G, et al. Not all beta-blockers are equal in the management of long QT syndrome types 1 and 2: higher recurrence of events under metoprolol. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:2092–9. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.07.046.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Connolly SJ, Dorian P, Roberts RS, et al. Comparison of beta-blockers, amiodarone plus beta-blockers, or sotalol for prevention of shocks from implantable cardioverter defibrillators—the OPTIC Study: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2006;295:165–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Connolly SJ, Eikelboom J, Joyner C, et al. Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. Engl J Med. 2011a;364:806–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. The RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1139–51. (RE-LY).

    Google Scholar 

  • Connolly S, Camm AJ, Halperin JL, For the PALLAS Investigators, et al. Dronedarone in high-risk permanent atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011b;365:2268–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Delacrétaz E. Supraventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1039–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DiMarco JP, Miles W, Akhtar M. Adenosine for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: dose ranging and comparison with verapamil. Assessment in placebo-controlled, multicenter trials. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:104.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellrodt AG, Murata GH, Riedinger MS, et al. Severe neutropenia associated with sustained release procainamide. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:197.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eikelboom JW, Weitz JI. New anticoagulants. Circulation. 2010;121:1523–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Francis J, Antzelevitch C. Atrial fibrillation and Brugada syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:1149–53.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gladstone DJ, DJ S, Dorian P, et al. Atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:2467–77.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJV, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (ARISTOTLE). N Engl J Med. 2011;365:981–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haines DE. Atrial fibrillation ablation in the real world. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(2):150–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz LN, Greenspan AM, Spielman SR, et al. Usefulness of electrophysiologic testing in evaluation of amiodarone therapy for sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias associated with coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 1985;55:367.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hussein AA, Saliba WI, Martin DO, et al. Natural history and long-term outcomes of ablated atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:271–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Imazio M, Brucato A, Ferrazzi P, et al. Colchicine reduces postoperative atrial fibrillation: results of the Colchicine for the Prevention of the Postpericardiotomy Syndrome (COPPS) atrial fibrillation substudy. Circulation. 2011a;124:2290–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Imazio M, Brucato A, Ferrazzi P, et al. Colchicine reduces postoperative atrial fibrillation: results of the Colchicine for the Prevention of the Postpericardiotomy Syndrome (COPPS) atrial fibrillation substudy. Circulation. 2011b;22(124):2290–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaeggi E, Chiu C, Hamilton R, et al. Adenosine induced atrial pro arrhythmia in children. Can J Cardiol. 1999;15:169.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • John RM, Tedrow UB, Koplan BA, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The Lancet. 2012;380(9852):1520–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Josephson ME. Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1986;74:653.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katritsis DG, Zareba W, John Camm AJ. Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(20):1993–2004.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman ES. Quinidine in short QT syndrome: an old drug for a new disease. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2007;18:665–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kerin NZ, Blevins RD, Frumin H, et al. Intravenous and oral loading versus oral loading alone with amiodarone for chronic refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol. 1985;55:89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kubac G, Klinke WP, Grace M. Randomized double blind trial comparing sotalol and propranolol in chronic ventricular arrhythmia. Can J Cardiol. 1988;4:355.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson SC, Drca N, Wolk A. Alcohol consumption and risk of atrial fibrillation: a prospective study and dose-response meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:281–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lazzara R. Amiodarone and torsades de pointes. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:549.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leenhardt A, Glasser E, Burguera M, et al. Short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes: a new electrocardiographic entity in the spectrum of idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation. 1994;89:206.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marchlinski FE, Gansher TS, Waxman HL, et al. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity. Ann Intern Med. 1982;98:839.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mason JW. Drug therapy: amiodarone. N Engl J Med. 1987;316:455.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattioni TA, Zheutlin TA, Sarmiento JJ, et al. Amiodarone in patients with previous drug-mediated torsade de pointes. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:574.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGovern B, Hasan G, Malacoff RF, et al. Long-term clinical outcome of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation treated with amiodarone. Am J Cardiol. 1984;53:1558.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mega JL, Braunwald E, Wiviott SD, et al. Rivaroxaban in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:9–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mizusawa Y, Sakurada H, Nishizaki M, et al. Effects of low-dose quinidine on ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with Brugada syndrome: low-dose quinidine therapy as an adjunctive treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47:359–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morady F, Sauve MJ, Malone P, et al. Long-term efficacy and toxicity of high-dose amiodarone therapy for ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 1983;52:975.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Naccarelli GV, Fineberg NS, Zipes DP, et al. Amiodarone: risk factors for recurrence of symptomatic ventricular tachycardia identified at electrophysiologic study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985;6:814.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nademanee K, Singh BN, Hendrickson J, et al. Amiodarone in refractory life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:577.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nademanee K, Veerakul G, Nimmannit S, et al. Arrhythmogenic marker for the sudden unexplained death syndrome in Thai men. Circulation. 1997;96:2595–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris RM, Barnaby PF, Brown MA, et al. Prevention of ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction by intravenous propranolol. Lancet. 1984;2:883.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Opolski G, Torbicki A, Kosior DA, et al. Rate control vs rhythm control in patients with nonvalvular persistent atrial fibrillation: the results of the Polish How to Treat Chronic Atrial Fibrillation (HOT CAFE) study. Chest. 2004;126:476–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ouyang F, Tilz R, Chun J, et al. Long-term results of catheter ablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: lessons from a 5-year follow-up. Circulation. 2010;122:2368–77.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ROCKET AF, Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:883–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rankin AC, McGovern BA. Adenosine or verapamil for the acute treatment of supraventricular tachycardia? Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:513.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rankin AC, Pringle SD, Cobbe SM, et al. Amiodarone and torsades de pointes. Am Heart J. 1990a;120:1482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rankin AC, Pringle SD, Cobe SM. Acute treatment of torsades de pointes with amiodarone: proarrhythmic and antiarrhythmic association of QT prolongation. Am Heart J. 1990b;19:185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roden DM, Woosley RL. Drug therapy: flecainide. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rotmensch HH, Elkayam U, Frishman W. Antiarrhythmic drug therapy during pregnancy. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:487.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruskin JN. The cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial (CAST). N Engl J Med. 1989;321:85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shah RU, Freeman JV, Shilane D, et al. Procedural complications, rehospitalizations, and repeat procedures after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59:143–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith WM, Gallagher JJ. “Les torsades de pointes”: an unusual ventricular arrhythmia. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:578.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith WM, Lubbe WF, Whitlock RM, et al. Long-term tolerance of amiodarone treatment for cardiac arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol. 1986;57:1288.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Somberg JC. Antiarrhythmic drags: making sense of the deluge. Am Heart J. 1987;113:408.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg SJ, Mittal S. Intracranial emboli associated with catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: has the silence finally been broken? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:689–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steurer G, Gursoi S, Frey B, et al. Differential diagnosis on the electrocardiogram between ventricular tachycardia and preexcited tachycardia. Clin Cardiol. 1994;17:306.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strickberger SA, Man KC, Daoud EG, et al. Adenosine-induced atrial arrhythmia: a prospective analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:417–22. Erratum, Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:511.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Task Force of the Working Group on Arrhythmias of the European Society of Cardiology. The Sicilian gambit. A new approach to the classification of antiarrhythmic drugs based on their actions on arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Circulation. 1991;4:1831.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tzivoni D, Banai S, Schuger C, et al. Magnesium sulfate therapy for sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circulation. 1988;77:392.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Gelder IC, Groenveld HF, Crijns HJGM, For the RACE II Investigators, et al. Lenient versus strict rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1363–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vaughan Williams EM. Classification of antiarrhythmic drugs. In: Sandhoe E, Flensted-Jensen E, Olesen KH, editors. Symposium on cardiac arrhythmias. Sodertalje: AB Astra; 1970. p. 449.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viskin S, Antzelevitch C, Marquez MF, et al. Quinidine: a valuable medication joins the list of “endangered species”. Europace. 2007;9(12):1105–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster G, Berul CI. An update on channelopathies. From mechanisms to management. Circulation. 2013;127:126–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weerasooriya R, Khairy P, Litalien J, et al. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: are results maintained at 5 years of follow-up? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:160–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1825–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Khan, M.G. (2015). Arrhythmias. In: Cardiac Drug Therapy. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-962-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-962-4_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-961-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-962-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics