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The Environment-Immune Route to Chronic Disease

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Immunotoxicity, Immune Dysfunction, and Chronic Disease

Part of the book series: Molecular and Integrative Toxicology ((MOLECUL))

Abstract

Specific environmental factors including chemicals, drugs, microbes, and both physical and psychological factors can affect the immune system producing dysfunction and, ultimately, an increased risk of chronic disease. Several different types of immune alterations can result from environmentally induced immunotoxicity and these connect immune insult to chronic disease. We illustrate how many immune-based chronic diseases arising in nonlymphoid tissues may be categorized based on the target tissue (e.g., skin, lung) rather than on the probable cause: a dysfunctional immune system. Finally, we discuss various factors that affect: (1) susceptibility to immunotoxicity and (2) the specific spectrum of disease outcomes following exposure.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Janice Dietert for her editorial suggestions and Drs. Christal Bowman and Marc Williams for helpful scientific review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, North Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Rodney R. Dietert

  2. Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    Robert W. Luebke

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  1. Rodney R. Dietert
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Correspondence to Rodney R. Dietert .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. Microbiology & Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, New York, USA

    Rodney R. Dietert

  2. National Health and Environmental Effects, Research Laboratories, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 27711, USA

    Robert W. Luebke

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This paper has been reviewed by the Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

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Dietert, R.R., Luebke, R.W. (2012). The Environment-Immune Route to Chronic Disease. In: Dietert, R., Luebke, R. (eds) Immunotoxicity, Immune Dysfunction, and Chronic Disease. Molecular and Integrative Toxicology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-812-2_2

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