Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Stathmin and Cancer

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Cytoskeleton and Human Disease

Abstract

Stathmin (STMN) is an evolutionarily conserved, ubiquitously expressed, tubulin-binding protein that has been associated with cell proliferation and differentiation. The widely reported over-expression of STMN in human malignancies suggests significant function in cancer and may represent a viable target to reduce disease. We discuss the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of STMN expression and review the complex signalling networks that impact STMN activity through post-translational modification and protein interactions. Recent advances have also revealed STMN contributions towards chromosome instability leading to aneuploidy, cell migration/invasion and chemoresistance. These studies highlight that STMN potentially contributes to tumour development and progression through the regulation of multiple cellular processes. Reports of STMN interaction with anti-cancer drugs have also provided new insights on STMN mechanisms in drug-refractory malignancies and highlighted the potential of combining STMN inhibition with established therapies. These advances provide fundamental information necessary to evaluate the therapeutic value of targeting STMN in the treatment of cancer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Desai A, Mitchison TJ (1997) Microtubule polymerization dynamics. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 13:83–117

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Sobel A, Tashjian AH Jr (1983) Distinct patterns of cytoplasmic protein phosphorylation related to regulation of synthesis and release of prolactin by GH cells. J Biol Chem 258:10312–10324

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Sobel A, Boutterin MC, Beretta L, Chneiweiss H, Doye V, Peyro-Saint-Paul H (1989) Intracellular substrates for extracellular signaling. Characterization of a ubiquitous, neuron-enriched phosphoprotein (stathmin). J Biol Chem 264:3765–3772

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Hanash SM, Strahler JR, Kuick R, Chu EH, Nichols D (1988) Identification of a polypeptide associated with the malignant phenotype in acute leukemia. J Biol Chem 263:12813–12815

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Belmont LD, Mitchison TJ (1996) Identification of a protein that interacts with tubulin dimers and increases the catastrophe rate of microtubules. Cell 84:623–631

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Gavet O, Ozon S, Manceau V, Lawler S, Curmi P, Sobel A (1998) The stathmin phosphoprotein family: intracellular localization and effects on the microtubule network. J Cell Sci 111(Pt 22):3333–3346

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Bieche I, Maucuer A, Laurendeau I, Lachkar S, Spano AJ, Frankfurter A, Levy P, Manceau V, Sobel A, Vidaud M, Curmi PA (2003) Expression of stathmin family genes in human tissues: non-neural-restricted expression for SCLIP. Genomics 81:400–410

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Curmi PA, Andersen SS, Lachkar S, Gavet O, Karsenti E, Knossow M, Sobel A (1997) The stathmin/tubulin interaction in vitro. J Biol Chem 272:25029–25036

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Howell B, Deacon H, Cassimeris L (1999) Decreasing oncoprotein 18/stathmin levels reduces microtubule catastrophes and increases microtubule polymer in vivo. J Cell Sci 112(Pt 21):3713–3722

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Howell B, Larsson N, Gullberg M, Cassimeris L (1999) Dissociation of the tubulin-sequestering and microtubule catastrophe-promoting activities of oncoprotein 18/stathmin. Mol Biol Cell 10:105–118

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Manna T, Thrower D, Miller HP, Curmi P, Wilson L (2006) Stathmin strongly increases the minus end catastrophe frequency and induces rapid treadmilling of bovine brain microtubules at steady state in vitro. J Biol Chem 281:2071–2078

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jourdain L, Curmi P, Sobel A, Pantaloni D, Carlier MF (1997) Stathmin: a tubulin-sequestering protein which forms a ternary T2S complex with two tubulin molecules. Biochemistry 36:10817–10821

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wallon G, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Serrano L (2000) Model for stathmin/OP18 binding to tubulin. EMBO J 19:213–222

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Jourdain I, Lachkar S, Charbaut E, Gigant B, Knossow M, Sobel A, Curmi PA (2004) A synergistic relationship between three regions of stathmin family proteins is required for the formation of a stable complex with tubulin. Biochem J 378:877–888

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Redeker V, Lachkar S, Siavoshian S, Charbaut E, Rossier J, Sobel A, Curmi PA (2000) Probing the native structure of stathmin and its interaction domains with tubulin. Combined use of limited proteolysis, size exclusion chromatography, and mass spectrometry. J Biol Chem 275:6841–6849

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Charbaut E, Curmi PA, Ozon S, Lachkar S, Redeker V, Sobel A (2001) Stathmin family proteins display specific molecular and tubulin binding properties. J Biol Chem 276:16146–16154

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Gigant B, Curmi PA, Martin-Barbey C, Charbaut E, Lachkar S, Lebeau L, Siavoshian S, Sobel A, Knossow M (2000) The 4A X-ray structure of a tubulin:stathmin-like domain complex. Cell 102:809–816

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ravelli RB, Gigant B, Curmi PA, Jourdain I, Lachkar S, Sobel A, Knossow M (2004) Insight into tubulin regulation from a complex with colchicine and a stathmin-like domain. Nature 428:198–202

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Ringhoff DN, Cassimeris L (2009) Stathmin regulates centrosomal nucleation of microtubules and tubulin dimer/polymer partitioning. Mol Biol Cell 20:3451–3458

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Holmfeldt P, Brannstrom K, Stenmark S, Gullberg M (2003) Deciphering the cellular functions of the Op18/Stathmin family of microtubule-regulators by plasma membrane-targeted localization. Mol Biol Cell 14:3716–3729

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Larsson N, Segerman B, Howell B, Fridell K, Cassimeris L, Gullberg M (1999) Op18/stathmin mediates multiple region-specific tubulin and microtubule-regulating activities. J Cell Biol 146:1289–1302

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Holmfeldt P, Larsson N, Segerman B, Howell B, Morabito J, Cassimeris L, Gullberg M (2001) The catastrophe-promoting activity of ectopic Op18/stathmin is required for disruption of mitotic spindles but not interphase microtubules. Mol Biol Cell 12:73–83

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cassimeris L (2002) The oncoprotein 18/stathmin family of microtubule destabilizers. Curr Opin Cell Biol 14:18–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Sellin ME, Holmfeldt P, Stenmark S, Gullberg M (2008) Op18/Stathmin counteracts the activity of over-expressed tubulin-disrupting proteins in a human leukemia cell line. Exp Cell Res 314:1367–1377

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sellin ME, Holmfeldt P, Stenmark S, Gullberg M (2008) Global regulation of the interphase microtubule system by abundantly expressed Op18/stathmin. Mol Biol Cell 19:2897–2906

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Cleveland DW (1989) Autoregulated control of tubulin synthesis in animal cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1:10–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Larsson N, Marklund U, Gradin HM, Brattsand G, Gullberg M (1997) Control of microtubule dynamics by oncoprotein 18: dissection of the regulatory role of multisite phosphorylation during mitosis. Mol Cell Biol 17:5530–5539

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Honnappa S, Jahnke W, Seelig J, Steinmetz MO (2006) Control of intrinsically disordered stathmin by multisite phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 281:16078–16083

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Steinmetz MO, Jahnke W, Towbin H, Garcia-Echeverria C, Voshol H, Muller D, van Oostrum J (2001) Phosphorylation disrupts the central helix in Op18/stathmin and suppresses binding to tubulin. EMBO Rep 2:505–510

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Larsson N, Melander H, Marklund U, Osterman O, Gullberg M (1995) G2/M transition requires multisite phosphorylation of oncoprotein 18 by two distinct protein kinase systems. J Biol Chem 270:14175–14183

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Marklund U, Osterman O, Melander H, Bergh A, Gullberg M (1994) The phenotype of a „Cdc2 kinase target site-deficient” mutant of oncoprotein 18 reveals a role of this protein in cell cycle control. J Biol Chem 269:30626–30635

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Marklund U, Larsson N, Gradin HM, Brattsand G, Gullberg M (1996) Oncoprotein 18 is a phosphorylation-responsive regulator of microtubule dynamics. Embo J 15:5290–5298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Budde PP, Kumagai A, Dunphy WG, Heald R (2001) Regulation of Op18 during spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts. J Cell Biol 153:149–158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Gadea BB, Ruderman JV (2006) Aurora B is required for mitotic chromatin-induced phosphorylation of Op18/Stathmin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:4493–4498

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Mistry SJ, Li HC, Atweh GF (1998) Role for protein phosphatases in the cell-cycle-regulated phosphorylation of stathmin. Biochem J 334(Pt 1):23–29

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Daub H, Gevaert K, Vandekerckhove J, Sobel A, Hall A (2001) Rac/Cdc42 and p65PAK regulate the microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin through phosphorylation at serine 16. J Biol Chem 276:1677–1680

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Gradin HM, Larsson N, Marklund U, Gullberg M (1998) Regulation of microtubule dynamics by extracellular signals: cAMP-dependent protein kinase switches off the activity of oncoprotein 18 in intact cells. J Cell Biol 140:131–141

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. le Gouvello S, Manceau V, Sobel A (1998) Serine 16 of stathmin as a cytosolic target for Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II after CD2 triggering of human T lymphocytes. J Immunol 161:1113–1122

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Marklund U, Larsson N, Brattsand G, Osterman O, Chatila TA, Gullberg M (1994) Serine 16 of oncoprotein 18 is a major cytosolic target for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase-Gr. Eur J Biochem 225:53–60

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Di Paolo G, Pellier V, Catsicas M, Antonsson B, Catsicas S, Grenningloh G (1996) The phosphoprotein stathmin is essential for nerve growth factor-stimulated differentiation. J Cell Biol 133:1383–1390

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Marklund U, Brattsand G, Shingler V, Gullberg M (1993) Serine 25 of oncoprotein 18 is a major cytosolic target for the mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 268:15039–15047

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Langenickel TH, Olive M, Boehm M, San H, Crook MF, Nabel EG (2008) KIS protects against adverse vascular remodeling by opposing stathmin-mediated VSMC migration in mice. J Clin Invest 118:3848–3859

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Beretta L, Dubois MF, Sobel A, Bensaude O (1995) Stathmin is a major substrate for mitogen-activated protein kinase during heat shock and chemical stress in HeLa cells. Eur J Biochem 227:388–395

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Mizumura K, Takeda K, Hashimoto S, Horie T, Ichijo H (2006) Identification of Op18/stathmin as a potential target of ASK1-p38 MAP kinase cascade. J Cell Physiol 206:363–370

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Parker CG, Hunt J, Diener K, McGinley M, Soriano B, Keesler GA, Bray J, Yao Z, Wang XS, Kohno T, Lichenstein HS (1998) Identification of stathmin as a novel substrate for p38 delta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 249:791–796

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Ng DC, Zhao TT, Yeap YY, Ngoei KR, Bogoyevitch MA (2010) c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation of stathmin confers protection against cellular stress. J Biol Chem 285:29001–29013

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Vancompernolle K, Boonefaes T, Mann M, Fiers W, Grooten J (2000) Tumor necrosis factor-induced microtubule stabilization mediated by hyperphosphorylated oncoprotein 18 promotes cell death. J Biol Chem 275:33876–33882

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Dejda A, Chan P, Seaborn T, Coquet L, Jouenne T, Fournier A, Vaudry H, Vaudry D (2010) Involvement of stathmin 1 in the neurotrophic effects of PACAP in PC12 cells. J Neurochem 114:1498–1510

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Chen PW, Lin SJ, Tsai SC, Lin JH, Chen MR, Wang JT, Lee CP, Tsai CH (2010) Regulation of microtubule dynamics through phosphorylation on stathmin by Epstein-Barr virus kinase BGLF4. J Biol Chem 285:10053–10063

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Manceau V, Gavet O, Curmi P, Sobel A (1999) Stathmin interaction with HSC70 family proteins. Electrophoresis 20:409–417

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Maucuer A, Camonis JH, Sobel A (1995) Stathmin interaction with a putative kinase and coiled-coil-forming protein domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:3100–3104

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Obama K, Kato T, Hasegawa S, Satoh S, Nakamura Y, Furukawa Y (2006) Overexpression of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase-like 1 is associated with the growth of colon cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 12:70–76

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Takahashi K, Uchida C, Shin RW, Shimazaki K, Uchida T (2008) Prolyl isomerase, Pin1: new findings of post-translational modifications and physiological substrates in cancer, asthma and Alzheimer’s disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 65:359–375

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Baldassarre G, Belletti B, Nicoloso MS, Schiappacassi M, Vecchione A, Spessotto P, Morrione A, Canzonieri V, Colombatti A (2005) p27(Kip1)-stathmin interaction influences sarcoma cell migration and invasion. Cancer Cell 7:51–63

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Ng DC, Lin BH, Lim CP, Huang G, Zhang T, Poli V, Cao X (2006) Stat3 regulates microtubules by antagonizing the depolymerization activity of stathmin. J Cell Biol 172:245–257

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Belletti B, Pellizzari I, Berton S, Fabris L, Wolf K, Lovat F, Schiappacassi M, D’Andrea S, Nicoloso MS, Lovisa S, Sonego M, Defilippi P, Vecchione A, Colombatti A, Friedl P, Baldassarre G (2010) p27kip1 controls cell morphology and motility by regulating microtubule-dependent lipid raft recycling. Mol Cell Biol 30:2229–2240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Verma NK, Dourlat J, Davies AM, Long A, Liu WQ, Garbay C, Kelleher D, Volkov Y (2009) STAT3-stathmin interactions control microtubule dynamics in migrating T-cells. J Biol Chem 284:12349–12362

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Leslie K, Lang C, Devgan G, Azare J, Berishaj M, Gerald W, Kim YB, Paz K, Darnell JE, Albanese C, Sakamaki T, Pestell R, Bromberg J (2006) Cyclin D1 is transcriptionally regulated by and required for transformation by activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Cancer Res 66:2544–2552

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Ohnuma S, Philpott A, Wang K, Holt CE, Harris WA (1999) p27Xic1, a Cdk inhibitor, promotes the determination of glial cells in Xenopus retina. Cell 99:499–510

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Ahn J, Murphy M, Kratowicz S, Wang A, Levine AJ, George DL (1999) Down-regulation of the stathmin/Op18 and FKBP25 genes following p53 induction. Oncogene 18:5954–5958

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Johnsen JI, Aurelio ON, Kwaja Z, Jorgensen GE, Pellegata NS, Plattner R, Stanbridge EJ, Cajot JF (2000a) p53-mediated negative regulation of stathmin/Op18 expression is associated with G(2)/M cell-cycle arrest. Int J Cancer 88:685–691

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Alli E, Yang JM, Hait WN (2007) Silencing of stathmin induces tumor-suppressor function in breast cancer cell lines harboring mutant p53. Oncogene 26:1003–1012

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Yuan RH, Jeng YM, Chen HL, Lai PL, Pan HW, Hsieh FJ, Lin CY, Lee PH, Hsu HC (2006) Stathmin overexpression cooperates with p53 mutation and osteopontin overexpression, and is associated with tumour progression, early recurrence, and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pathol 209:549–558

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Singer S, Ehemann V, Brauckhoff A, Keith M, Vreden S, Schirmacher P, Breuhahn K (2007) Protumorigenic overexpression of stathmin/Op18 by gain-of-function mutation in p53 in human hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatology 46:759–768

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Fang L, Min L, Lin Y, Ping G, Rui W, Ying Z, Xi W, Ting H, Li L, Ke D, Jihong R, Huizhong Z (2010) Downregulation of stathmin expression is mediated directly by Egr1 and associated with p53 activity in lung cancer cell line A549. Cell Signal 22:166–173

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Polager S, Ginsberg D (2003) E2F mediates sustained G2 arrest and down-regulation of Stathmin and AIM-1 expression in response to genotoxic stress. J Biol Chem 278:1443–1449

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Jiang L, Chen Y, Chan CY, Wang X, Lin L, He ML, Lin MC, Yew DT, Sung JJ, Li JC, Kung HF (2009) Down-regulation of stathmin is required for TGF-beta inducible early gene 1 induced growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Lett 274:101–108

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Yeap YY, Ng IH, Badrian B, Nguyen TV, Yip YY, Dhillon AS, Mutsaers SE, Silke J, Bogoyevitch MA, Ng DC (2010) c-Jun N-terminal kinase/c-Jun inhibits fibroblast proliferation by negatively regulating the levels of stathmin/oncoprotein 18. Biochem J 430(2):345–354

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Benlhabib H, Herrera JE (2006) Expression of the Op18 gene is maintained by the CCAAT-binding transcription factor NF-Y. Gene 377:177–185

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Carr JR, Park HJ, Wang Z, Kiefer MM, Raychaudhuri P (2010) FoxM1 mediates resistance to herceptin and paclitaxel. Cancer Res 70:5054–5063

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Chen Y, Lin MC, Yao H, Wang H, Zhang AQ, Yu J, Hui CK, Lau GK, He ML, Sung J, Kung HF (2007) Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth through down-regulation of stathmin. Hepatology 46:200–208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Singer S, Malz M, Herpel E, Warth A, Bissinger M, Keith M, Muley T, Meister M, Hoffmann H, Penzel R, Gdynia G, Ehemann V, Schnabel PA, Kuner R, Huber P, Schirmacher P, Breuhahn K (2009) Coordinated expression of stathmin family members by far upstream sequence element-binding protein-1 increases motility in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 69:2234–2243

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Park HJ, Gusarova G, Wang Z, Carr JR, Li J, Kim KH, Qiu J, Park YD, Williamson PR, Hay N, Tyner AL, Lau LF, Costa RH, Raychaudhuri P (2011) Deregulation of FoxM1b leads to tumour metastasis. EMBO Mol Med 3:21–34

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Polzin RG, Benlhabib H, Trepel J, Herrera JE (2004) E2F sites in the Op18 promoter are required for high level of expression in the human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3-M. Gene 341:209–218

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Ishida S, Huang E, Zuzan H, Spang R, Leone G, West M, Nevins JR (2001) Role for E2F in control of both DNA replication and mitotic functions as revealed from DNA microarray analysis. Mol Cell Biol 21:4684–4699

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Kinoshita I, Leaner V, Katabami M, Manzano RG, Dent P, Sabichi A, Birrer MJ (2003) Identification of cJun-responsive genes in Rat-1a cells using multiple techniques: increased expression of stathmin is necessary for cJun-mediated anchorage-independent growth. Oncogene 22:2710–2722

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Wu K, Liu M, Li A, Donninger H, Rao M, Jiao X, Lisanti MP, Cvekl A, Birrer M, Pestell RG (2007) Cell fate determination factor DACH1 inhibits c-Jun-induced contact-independent growth. Mol Biol Cell 18:755–767

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Bartel DP (2009) MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 136:215–233

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Garzon R, Calin GA, Croce CM (2009) MicroRNAs in Cancer. Annu Rev Med 60:167–179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Delaloy C, Liu L, Lee JA, Su H, Shen F, Yang GY, Young WL, Ivey KN, Gao FB (2010) MicroRNA-9 coordinates proliferation and migration of human embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitors. Cell Stem Cell 6:323–335

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Wong QW, Lung RW, Law PT, Lai PB, Chan KY, To KF, Wong N (2008) MicroRNA-223 is commonly repressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and potentiates expression of Stathmin1. Gastroenterology 135:257–269

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Kuo MF, Wang HS, Kuo QT, Shun CT, Hsu HC, Yang SH, Yuan RH (2009) High expression of stathmin protein predicts a fulminant course in medulloblastoma. J Neurosurg Pediatr 4:74–80

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Hsieh SY, Huang SF, Yu MC, Yeh TS, Chen TC, Lin YJ, Chang CJ, Sung CM, Lee YL, Hsu CY (2010) Stathmin1 overexpression associated with polyploidy, tumor-cell invasion, early recurrence, and poor prognosis in human hepatoma. Mol Carcinog 49:476–487

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Zheng P, Liu Y, Chen L, Liu X, Xiao Z, Zhao L, Li G, Zhou J, Ding Y, Li J (2010) Stathmin, a new target of PRL-3 identified by proteomic methods, plays a key role in progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer. J Proteome Res 9(10):4897–4905

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Ogino S, Nosho K, Baba Y, Kure S, Shima K, Irahara N, Toyoda S, Chen L, Kirkner GJ, Wolpin BM, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS (2009) A cohort study of STMN1 expression in colorectal cancer: body mass index and prognosis. Am J Gastroenterol 104:2047–2056

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Brattsand G (2000) Correlation of oncoprotein 18/stathmin expression in human breast cancer with established prognostic factors. Br J Cancer 83:311–318

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Curmi PA, Nogues C, Lachkar S, Carelle N, Gonthier MP, Sobel A, Lidereau R, Bieche I (2000) Overexpression of stathmin in breast carcinomas points out to highly proliferative tumours. Br J Cancer 82:142–150

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Saal LH, Johansson P, Holm K, Gruvberger-Saal SK, She QB, Maurer M, Koujak S, Ferrando AA, Malmstrom P, Memeo L, Isola J, Bendahl PO, Rosen N, Hibshoosh H, Ringner M, Borg A, Parsons R (2007) Poor prognosis in carcinoma is associated with a gene expression signature of aberrant PTEN tumor suppressor pathway activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:7564–7569

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Wang YK, Liao PC, Allison J, Gage DA, Andrews PC, Lubman DM, Hanash SM, Strahler JR (1993) Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced phosphorylation of Op18 in Jurkat T cells. Identification of phosphorylation sites by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. J Biol Chem 268:14269–14277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Schubart UK, Xu J, Fan W, Cheng G, Goldstein H, Alpini G, Shafritz DA, Amat JA, Farooq M, Norton WT et al. (1992) Widespread differentiation stage-specific expression of the gene encoding phosphoprotein p19 (metablastin) in mammalian cells. Differentiation 51:21–32

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Johnson WE, Jones NA, Rowlands DC, Williams A, Guest SS, Brown G (1995) Down-regulation but not phosphorylation of stathmin is associated with induction of HL60 cell growth arrest and differentiation by physiological agents. FEBS Lett 364:309–313

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Rubin CI, French DL, Atweh GF (2003) Stathmin expression and megakaryocyte differentiation: a potential role in polyploidy. Exp Hematol 31:389–397

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Melhem R, Hailat N, Kuick R, Hanash SM (1997) Quantitative analysis of Op18 phosphorylation in childhood acute leukemia. Leukemia 11:1690–1695

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Nylander K, Marklund U, Brattsand G, Gullberg M, Roos G (1995) Immunohistochemical detection of oncoprotein 18 (Op18) in malignant lymphomas. Histochem J 27:155–160

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Roos G, Brattsand G, Landberg G, Marklund U, Gullberg M (1993) Expression of oncoprotein 18 in human leukemias and lymphomas. Leukemia 7:1538–1546

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Alaiya AA, Franzen B, Fujioka K, Moberger B, Schedvins K, Silfversvard C, Linder S, Auer G (1997) Phenotypic analysis of ovarian carcinoma: polypeptide expression in benign, borderline and malignant tumors. Int J Cancer J Int du Cancer 73:678–683

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Karst AM, Levanon K, Drapkin R (2011) Modeling high-grade serous ovarian carcinogenesis from the fallopian tube. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:7547–7552

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Price DK, Ball JR, Bahrani-Mostafavi Z, Vachris JC, Kaufman JS, Naumann RW, Higgins RV, Hall JB (2000) The phosphoprotein Op18/stathmin is differentially expressed in ovarian cancer. Cancer Invest 18:722–730

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Su D, Smith SM, Preti M, Schwartz P, Rutherford TJ, Menato G, Danese S, Ma S, Yu H, Katsaros D (2009) Stathmin and tubulin expression and survival of ovarian cancer patients receiving platinum treatment with and without paclitaxel. Cancer 115:2453–2463

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Friedrich B, Gronberg H, Landstrom M, Gullberg M, Bergh A (1995) Differentiation-stage specific expression of oncoprotein 18 in human and rat prostatic adenocarcinoma. Prostate 27:102–109

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Ghosh R, Gu G, Tillman E, Yuan J, Wang Y, Fazli L, Rennie PS, Kasper S (2007) Increased expression and differential phosphorylation of stathmin may promote prostate cancer progression. Prostate 67:1038–1052

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Bieche I, Lachkar S, Becette V, Cifuentes-Diaz C, Sobel A, Lidereau R, Curmi PA (1998) Overexpression of the stathmin gene in a subset of human breast cancer. Br J Cancer 78:701–709

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Golouh R, Cufer T, Sadikov A, Nussdorfer P, Usher PA, Brunner N, Schmitt M, Lesche R, Maier S, Timmermans M, Foekens JA, Martens JW (2008) The prognostic value of Stathmin-1, S100A2, and SYK proteins in ER-positive primary breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen monotherapy: an immunohistochemical study. Br Cancer Res Treat 110:317–326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Oishi Y, Nagasaki K, Miyata S, Matsuura M, Nishimura S, Akiyama F, Iwai T, Miki Y (2007) Functional pathway characterized by gene expression analysis of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis-positive breast cancer. J Hum Genet 52:271–279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Li C, Tan YX, Zhou H, Ding SJ, Li SJ, Ma DJ, Man XB, Hong Y, Zhang L, Li L, Xia QC, Wu JR, Wang HY, Zeng R (2005) Proteomic analysis of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: Identification of potential tumor markers. Proteomics 5:1125–1139

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Chen G, Wang H, Gharib TG, Huang CC, Thomas DG, Shedden KA, Kuick R, Taylor JM, Kardia SL, Misek DE, Giordano TJ, Iannettoni MD, Orringer MB, Hanash SM, Beer DG (2003) Overexpression of oncoprotein 18 correlates with poor differentiation in lung adenocarcinomas. Mol Cell Proteomics 2:107–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Cucchiarelli V, Hiser L, Smith H, Frankfurter A, Spano A, Correia JJ, Lobert S (2008) Beta-tubulin isotype classes II and V expression patterns in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 65:675–685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Jeon TY, Han ME, Lee YW, Lee YS, Kim GH, Song GA, Hur GY, Kim JY, Kim HJ, Yoon S, Baek SY, Kim BS, Kim JB, Oh SO (2010) Overexpression of stathmin1 in the diffuse type of gastric cancer and its roles in proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. Br J Cancer 102:710–718

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Dubosq F, Ploussard G, Soliman H, Turpin E, Latil A, Desgrandchamps F, de The H, Mongiat-Artus P (2011) Identification of a three-gene expression signature of early recurrence in non-muscle-invasive urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Urol Oncol (in press, Pubmed ID: 21489836)

    Google Scholar 

  110. Lin WC, Chen SC, Hu FC, Chueh SC, Pu YS, Yu HJ, Huang KH (2009) Expression of stathmin in localized upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: correlations with prognosis. Urology 74:1264–1269

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Takahashi M, Yang XJ, Lavery TT, Furge KA, Williams BO, Tretiakova M, Montag A, Vogelzang NJ, Re GG, Garvin AJ, Soderhall S, Kagawa S, Hazel-Martin D, Nordenskjold A, Teh BT (2002) Gene expression profiling of favorable histology Wilms tumors and its correlation with clinical features. Cancer Res 62:6598–6605

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Bjorklund P, Cupisti K, Fryknas M, Isaksson A, Willenberg HS, Akerstrom G, Hellman P, Westin G (2009) Stathmin as a marker for malignancy in pheochromocytomas. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 118:27–30

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Hailat N, Strahler J, Melhem R, Zhu XX, Brodeur G, Seeger RC, Reynolds CP, Hanash S (1990) N-myc gene amplification in neuroblastoma is associated with altered phosphorylation of a proliferation related polypeptide (Op18). Oncogene 5:1615–1618

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Sadow PM, Rumilla KM, Erickson LA, Lloyd RV (2008) Stathmin expression in pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and in other endocrine tumors. Endocr Pathol 19:97–103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. de Bont JM, den Boer ML, Kros JM, Passier MM, Reddingius RE, Smitt PA, Luider TM, Pieters R (2007) Identification of novel biomarkers in pediatric primitive neuroectodermal tumors and ependymomas by proteome-wide analysis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 66:505–516

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Neben K, Korshunov A, Benner A, Wrobel G, Hahn M, Kokocinski F, Golanov A, Joos S, Lichter P (2004) Microarray-based screening for molecular markers in medulloblastoma revealed STK15 as independent predictor for survival. Cancer Res 64:3103–3111

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Ngo TT, Peng T, Liang XJ, Akeju O, Pastorino S, Zhang W, Kotliarov Y, Zenklusen JC, Fine HA, Maric D, Wen PY, De Girolami U, Black PM, Wu WW, Shen RF, Jeffries NO, Kang DW, Park JK (2007) The 1p-encoded protein stathmin and resistance of malignant gliomas to nitrosoureas. J Natl Cancer Inst 99:639–652

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Xi W, Rui W, Fang L, Ke D, Ping G, Hui-Zhong Z (2009) Expression of stathmin/op18 as a significant prognostic factor for cervical carcinoma patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 135:837–846

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Salvesen HB, Carter SL, Mannelqvist M, Dutt A, Getz G, Stefansson IM, Raeder MB, Sos ML, Engelsen IB, Trovik J, Wik E, Greulich H, Bo TH, Jonassen I, Thomas RK, Zander T, Garraway LA, Oyan AM, Sellers WR, Kalland KH, Meyerson M, Akslen LA, Beroukhim R (2009) Integrated genomic profiling of endometrial carcinoma associates aggressive tumors with indicators of PI3 kinase activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:4834–4839

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Trovik J, Wik E, Stefansson IM, Marcickiewicz J, Tingulstad S, Staff AC, Njolstad TS, Vandenput I, Amant F, Akslen LA, Salvesen HB (2011) Stathmin overexpression identifies high-risk patients and lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer. Clinical cancer research 17:3368–3377

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Kim JY, Harvard C, You L, Xu Z, Kuchenbecker K, Baehner R, Jablons D (2007) Stathmin is over-expressed in malignant mesothelioma. Anticancer Res 27:39–44

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Kouzu Y, Uzawa K, Koike H, Saito K, Nakashima D, Higo M, Endo Y, Kasamatsu A, Shiiba M, Bukawa H, Yokoe H, Tanzawa H (2006) Overexpression of stathmin in oral squamous-cell carcinoma: correlation with tumour progression and poor prognosis. Br J Cancer 94:717–723

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Cheng AL, Huang WG, Chen ZC, Peng F, Zhang PF, Li MY, Li F, Li JL, Li C, Yi H, Yi B, Xiao ZQ (2008) Identification of novel nasopharyngeal carcinoma biomarkers by laser capture microdissection and proteomic analysis. Clin. Cancer Res Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res 14:435–445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Nakashima D, Uzawa K, Kasamatsu A, Koike H, Endo Y, Saito K, Hashitani S, Numata T, Urade M, Tanzawa H (2006) Protein expression profiling identifies maspin and stathmin as potential biomarkers of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Int J Cancer 118:704–713

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Rubin CI, Atweh GF (2004) The role of stathmin in the regulation of the cell cycle. J Cell Biochem 93:242–250

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Zhang HZ, Wang Y, Gao P, Lin F, Liu L, Yu B, Ren JH, Zhao H, Wang R (2006) Silencing stathmin gene expression by survivin promoter-driven siRNA vector to reverse malignant phenotype of tumor cells. Cancer Biol Ther 5:1457–1461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Mistry SJ, Bank A, Atweh GF (2005) Targeting stathmin in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 4:1821–1829

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Schvartzman JM, Sotillo R, Benezra R (2010) Mitotic chromosomal instability and cancer: mouse modelling of the human disease. Nat Rev Cancer 10:102–115

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Misek DE, Chang CL, Kuick R, Hinderer R, Giordano TJ, Beer DG, Hanash SM (2002) Transforming properties of a Q18→E mutation of the microtubule regulator Op18. Cancer Cell 2:217–228

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Holmfeldt P, Brannstrom K, Stenmark S, Gullberg M (2006) Aneugenic activity of Op18/stathmin is potentiated by the somatic Q18→E mutation in leukemic cells. Mol Biol Cell 17:2921–2930

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Holmfeldt P, Sellin ME, Gullberg M (2010) Upregulated Op18/stathmin activity causes chromosomal instability through a mechanism that evades the spindle assembly checkpoint. Exp Cell Res 316:2017–2026

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Mistry SJ, Bank A, Atweh GF (2007) Synergistic antiangiogenic effects of stathmin inhibition and taxol exposure. Mol Cancer Res 5:773–782

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Ozon S, Guichet A, Gavet O, Roth S, Sobel A (2002) Drosophila stathmin: a microtubule-destabilizing factor involved in nervous system formation. Mol Biol Cell 13:698–710

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Yoshie M, Kashima H, Bessho T, Takeichi M, Isaka K, Tamura K (2008) Expression of stathmin, a microtubule regulatory protein, is associated with the migration and differentiation of cultured early trophoblasts. Hum Reprod 23:2766–2774

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Gan L, Guo K, Li Y, Kang X, Sun L, Shu H, Liu Y (2010) Up-regulated expression of stathmin may be associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. Oncol Rep 23:1037–1043

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Belletti B, Nicoloso MS, Schiappacassi M, Berton S, Lovat F, Wolf K, Canzonieri V, D’Andrea S, Zucchetto A, Friedl P, Colombatti A, Baldassarre G (2008) Stathmin activity influences sarcoma cell shape, motility, and metastatic potential. Mol Biol Cell 19:2003–2013

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Holmfeldt P, Sellin ME, Gullberg M (2009) Predominant regulators of tubulin monomer-polymer partitioning and their implication for cell polarization. Cell Mol Life Sci 66:3263–3276

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Niethammer P, Bastiaens P, Karsenti E (2004) Stathmin-tubulin interaction gradients in motile and mitotic cells. Science 303:1862–1866

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Wittmann T, Bokoch GM, Waterman-Storer CM (2004) Regulation of microtubule destabilizing activity of Op18/stathmin downstream of Rac1. J Biol Chem 279:6196–6203

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Alli E, Yang JM, Ford JM, Hait WN (2007) Reversal of stathmin-mediated resistance to paclitaxel and vinblastine in human breast carcinoma cells. Mol Pharmacol 71:1233–1240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Balachandran R, Welsh MJ, Day BW (2003) Altered levels and regulation of stathmin in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Oncogene 22:8924–8930

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Johnsson A, Zeelenberg I, Min Y, Hilinski J, Berry C, Howell SB, Los G (2000b) Identification of genes differentially expressed in association with acquired cisplatin resistance. Br J Cancer 83:1047–1054

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Martello LA, Verdier-Pinard P, Shen HJ, He L, Torres K, Orr GA, Horwitz SB (2003) Elevated levels of microtubule destabilizing factors in a Taxol-resistant/dependent A549 cell line with an alpha-tubulin mutation. Cancer Res 63:1207–1213

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Don S, Verrills NM, Liaw TY, Liu ML, Norris MD, Haber M, Kavallaris M (2004) Neuronal-associated microtubule proteins class III beta-tubulin and MAP2c in neuroblastoma: role in resistance to microtubule-targeted drugs. Mol Cancer Ther 3:1137–1146

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Verrills NM, Liem NL, Liaw TY, Hood BD, Lock RB, Kavallaris M (2006) Proteomic analysis reveals a novel role for the actin cytoskeleton in vincristine resistant childhood leukemia–an in vivo study. Proteomics 6:1681–1694

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Devred F, Tsvetkov PO, Barbier P, Allegro D, Horwitz SB, Makarov AA, Peyrot V (2008) Stathmin/Op18 is a novel mediator of vinblastine activity. FEBS Lett 582:2484–2488

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Nishio K, Nakamura T, Koh Y, Kanzawa F, Tamura T, Saijo N (2001) Oncoprotein 18 overexpression increases the sensitivity to vindesine in the human lung carcinoma cells. Cancer 91:1494–1499

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Alli E, Bash-Babula J, Yang JM, Hait WN (2002) Effect of stathmin on the sensitivity to antimicrotubule drugs in human breast cancer. Cancer Res 62:6864–6869

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Iancu C, Mistry SJ, Arkin S, Atweh GF (2000) Taxol and anti-stathmin therapy: a synergistic combination that targets the mitotic spindle. Cancer Res 60:3537–3541

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Mistry SJ, Atweh GF (2006) Therapeutic interactions between stathmin inhibition and chemotherapeutic agents in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 5:3248–3257

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Wang R, Dong K, Lin F, Wang X, Gao P, Wei SH, Cheng SY, Zhang HZ (2007) Inhibiting proliferation and enhancing chemosensitivity to taxanes in osteosarcoma cells by RNA interference-mediated downregulation of stathmin expression. Mol Med 13:567–575

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Goncalves A, Braguer D, Kamath K, Martello L, Briand C, Horwitz S, Wilson L, Jordan MA (2001) Resistance to Taxol in lung cancer cells associated with increased microtubule dynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:11737–11742

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Zahedi K, Revelo MP, Barone S, Wang Z, Tehrani K, Citron DP, Bissler JJ, Rabb H, Soleimani M (2006) Stathmin-deficient mice develop fibrosis and show delayed recovery from ischemic-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290:F1559–F1567

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Carney BK, Cassimeris L (2010) Stathmin/oncoprotein 18, a microtubule regulatory protein, is required for survival of both normal and cancer cell lines lacking the tumor suppressor, p53. Cancer Biol Ther 9:699–709

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Longuet M, Serduc R, Riva C (2004) Implication of bax in apoptosis depends on microtubule network mobility. Int J Oncol 25:309–317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Gascoigne KE, Taylor SS (2009) How do anti-mitotic drugs kill cancer cells? J Cell Sci 122:2579–2585

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Phadke AP, Jay CM, Wang Z, Chen S, Liu S, Haddock C, Kumar P, Pappen BO, Rao DD, Templeton NS, Daniels EQ, Webb C, Monsma D, Scott S, Dylewski D, Frieboes HB, Brunicardi FC, Senzer N, Maples PB, Nemunaitis J, Tong AW (2011) In vivo Safety and Antitumor Efficacy of Bifunctional Small Hairpin RNAs Specific for the Human Stathmin 1 Oncoprotein. DNA Cell Biol 30(9):715–726

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Gigant B, Wang C, Ravelli RB, Roussi F, Steinmetz MO, Curmi PA, Sobel A, Knossow M (2005) Structural basis for the regulation of tubulin by vinblastine. Nature 435:519–522

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Marie Bogoyevitch for helpful suggestions in editing. Research by the authors on STMN function and regulation has been supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (628335). D.C.H. Ng is also supported by the MDHS CR Roper Fellowship and Frances Byrne by an Anthony Rothe Postgraduate Scholarship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, 3010, Parkville, VIC, Australia

    Dominic Chi Hiung Ng

  2. Children’s Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 2052, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Frances Byrne

  3. Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Frances Byrne

Authors
  1. Dominic Chi Hiung Ng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Frances Byrne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dominic Chi Hiung Ng .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Australia for Medical Research, Iron Metabolism Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia

    Maria Kavallaris

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ng, D., Byrne, F. (2012). Stathmin and Cancer. In: Kavallaris, M. (eds) Cytoskeleton and Human Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-788-0_14

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation