Biological Events Associated with Surgical Operation

Abstract

During surgery, tissue injuries are created as a result of tissue incision and tissue or organ resection. The treatments often lead to bleeding at the site of injury. The body responds to this event initially with blood coagulation. This is followed by wound healing, a complex and dynamic process that involves a cascade of cellular reactions to restore tissue layer structures. The healing process can be divided into four phases: inflammation, proliferation, reepithelialization, and remodeling. Tissue adhesion is common after surgery due to severe injury. This chapter deals with the biological events that accompany surgical operations. Understanding this phenomenon is of great importance for the development of biomaterials used in surgical operations.