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Inducing Embryonic Stem Cells to Become Cardiomyocytes

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Book cover Regenerating the Heart

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Many forms of heart disease are associated with a decrease in the ­number of functional cardiomyocytes. These include congenital defects (e.g. ­hypoplastic and noncompaction syndromes) as well as acquired injuries (e.g. expo­sure to cardiotoxic agents or injuries resulting from coronary artery disease, hypertension, or surgical interventions). Although the adult mammalian heart retains some capacity for cardiomyocyte renewal (resulting from cardiomyocyte proliferation and/or cardiomyogenic stem cell activity), the magnitude of this regenerative process is insufficient to effect repair of substantively damaged hearts. It has become clear that exogenous cardiomyocytes transplanted into adult hearts are able to structurally and functionally integrate. It has also become clear that embryonic stem cells (ESCs), as well as induced progenitors with ESC-like characteristics, are able to generate bona fide cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo. These cells thus constitute a potential source of donor cardiomyocytes for therapeutic interventions in damaged hearts. This chapter reviews spontaneous cardiomyogenic ­differentiation in ESCs, methods used to generate enriched populations of ESC-derived cardiomyocytes, and current results obtained after engraftment of ESC-derived cardiomyocytes or cardiomyogenic precursors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Riley Heart Research Center, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

    Loren J. Field

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  1. Alexander M. Becker
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  2. Michael Rubart
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  3. Loren J. Field
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Correspondence to Loren J. Field .

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  1. Health Sciences Center, Dept. Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794-8661, New York, USA

    Ira S. Cohen

  2. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Institute Rd. 100, Worcester, 01609-2280, Massachusetts, USA

    Glenn R. Gaudette

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Becker, A.M., Rubart, M., Field, L.J. (2011). Inducing Embryonic Stem Cells to Become Cardiomyocytes. In: Cohen, I., Gaudette, G. (eds) Regenerating the Heart. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-021-8_2

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