Abstract
Two processes by which the response of cells to hormones and transmitters is modulated are (1) regulation of the number of cellular receptors or (2) regulation of their sensitivity to applied ligand. The opioid receptors have been found to exhibit both types of modulation. In some systems, chronic treatment with opioid ligands results in alterations in the number of cell surface receptors; receptor numbers are decreased on treatment with agonists and increased on antagonist treatment. Additionally, both ligand affinity and receptor coupling to effector systems can be modulated by agents such as cations and guanyl nucleotides.
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Blanchard, S.G., Chang, KJ. (1988). Regulation of Opioid Receptors. In: Pasternak, G.W. (eds) The Opiate Receptors. The Receptors. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-990-1_12
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