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Capillary Electrophoresis and Its Microchip Format for the Analysis of Glycosaminoglycans

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Capillary Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates

Abstract

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), linear negatively charged polysaccharides, possess highly structural heterogeneity caused by modifications of amino and hydroxyl groups. Heterogeneity of molecular sizes is also an important feature. These characteristics participate in many cellular events and physiological and pathological processes. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is one of the most powerful technologies for characterization of such heterogeneous macromolecules based on its high resolving performance. Glycosaminoglycans are generally analyzed by CE both as the intact form and as their enzymatic digested products. This chapter outlines the CE analysis of GAGs. Furthermore, microchip-based capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of GAGs is also introduced, which affords rapid analysis on a time scale of second. This technology has great potential as a tool for routine assessment of pharmaceutical preparations and for clinical diagnosis.

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Abbreviations

APTS:

1-aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid

CE:

capillary electrophoresis

CS/DS:

chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate

EDA:

ethylenediamine

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

FGF:

fibroblast growth factor

GAG:

glycosaminoglycan

HA:

hyaluronic acid

HP:

heparin

HS:

heparan sulfate

KS:

keratan sulfate

LED:

light-emitting diode

LIF:

laser-induced fluorescence

MC:

methylcellulose

ME:

microchip electrophoresis

MECK:

micellar electrokinetic chromatography

NeuAc:

N-acetylneuraminic acid

OSCS:

oversulfated chondroitin sulfate

PEG70000:

polyethyleneglycol

PGs:

proteoglycans

PMMA:

polymethylmetacrylate

ssDNA:

single-stranded DNA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Kowakae 3-4-1, Higashi, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan

    Kazuaki Kakehi

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  1. Kazuaki Kakehi
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  2. Yu-ki Matsuno
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Correspondence to Kazuaki Kakehi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dipto. Biologia, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, Modena, 41100, Italy

    Nicola Volpi

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Kakehi, K., Matsuno, Yk. (2011). Capillary Electrophoresis and Its Microchip Format for the Analysis of Glycosaminoglycans. In: Volpi, N. (eds) Capillary Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-875-1_4

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