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Neurobiological Correlates of the Psychotherapy Relationship and E.M.P.A.T.H.Y.: The Role of Biomarkers in Psychotherapy

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Book cover Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Research

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Psychiatry ((CCPSY))

Abstract

Psychotherapy is associated with measurable changes in central and peripheral neurobiology and is a standard treatment that is as strongly rooted in brain plasticity as are psychopharmacological interventions [1]. Physiological and neurobiological underpinnings of the psychotherapy relationship have been measured by a number of biomarkers, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) arousal manifested by heart rate, respiration rate, muscle tension, the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), electroencephalography (EEG), and neuroimaging studies of empathy. A key component of empathy in the patient–therapist dyad lies in attunement of the therapist to physiological displays of emotion as well as to patient-reported somatic cues that indicate emotional states with neurobiological correlates. Increased awareness of physiological manifestations and somatic sensations of emotion may assist in deepening the process of psychotherapy.

This chapter has been adapted with permission from Ref. [2]. Copyright© Informa Healthcare.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    SC provides a satisfactory overall measure of GSR. There are two distinct processes of measurement occurring at high and low levels of Galvanic skin resistance that overlap in the mid-range. The resistance measurement of these two widely different levels spans the range of reactivity from the low to the higher levels of autonomic arousal. The differing magnitudes of the measures of these two reactive phenomena can be meaningfully combined in, and quantitatively represented on a single scale of measurement when using units of conductance [115].

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Helen Riess M.D.

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  1. Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Parkman St., Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA

    Raymond A. Levy

  2. Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Morrimac Street 101, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA

    J. Stuart Ablon

  3. and Psychoanalysis, International Psychoanalytic University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Stromstr. 3, Berlin, 10555, Germany

    Horst Kächele

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Riess, H. (2012). Neurobiological Correlates of the Psychotherapy Relationship and E.M.P.A.T.H.Y.: The Role of Biomarkers in Psychotherapy. In: Levy, R., Ablon, J., Kächele, H. (eds) Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Research. Current Clinical Psychiatry. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-792-1_17

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