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Functions of the Rotavirus RNA Polymerase in Virus Replication

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

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Abstract

To achieve productive infection of a target cell, a virus must express viral proteins, replicate its genome, and assemble infectious particles. For many viruses with RNA genomes, all stages of RNA synthesis are mediated by a virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). Viruses with a segmented, double-stranded (ds) RNA genome rely on the encoded RdRP to perform both transcription (dsRNA ® +RNA) and replication (+RNA ® dsRNA). For dsRNA viruses, the RdRP also plays an important role in recognizing and packaging the correct number and constellation of viral RNAs into progeny particles.

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Abbreviations

–:

negative-sense

+:

positive-sense

3¢CS-:

3¢ CS of –RNA, 5¢-(A/U)7GCC-3¢

3¢CS+:

3¢ CS of +RNA, 5¢-UGUGACC-3¢

CS:

consensus sequence

DLP:

double-layered particle

ds:

double-stranded

N:

incoming nucleotide

NSP:

viral nonstructural protein

NTP:

nucleoside triphosphate

P:

priming

r:

recombinant

RdRP:

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

RI:

replication intermediate

RV:

rotavirus

TLP:

triple-layered particle

UTR:

untranslated region

VP:

viral structural protein

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Acknowledgements

We thank Michelle Arnold, Sarah McDonald, and Shane Trask for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. We acknowledge the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases for funding.

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  1. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Kristen M. Guglielmi & John T. Patton

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  1. Kristen M. Guglielmi
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  1. Dept. Health & Human Services, National Institute of Health, Rockledge Drive 6610, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA

    Vassil St. Georgiev

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Guglielmi, K.M., Patton, J.T. (2010). Functions of the Rotavirus RNA Polymerase in Virus Replication. In: Georgiev, V. (eds) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-512-5_4

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