Human Papillomavirus for Cervical Pathology

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses are oncoviruses with estimated 100 distinct genotypes and are related to skin and/or mucosal proliferative disorders. Certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) affect specific tissue sites, for example, HPV 1, 2, 4, and 7 cause benign skin papillomas (wart) only. Related to gynecological cancers, approximately 30 types of anogenital HPV can be spread though sexual interactions and are further subclassified into high and low risk groups. Human cervical cancers including all squamous and most, if not all, adenocarcinomas are induced by distinct groups of the high-risk genital HPVs including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, and 51. In contrast, low-risk HPV subtypes including HPV 6 and 11 are principally associated with anal-genital condyloma.