This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Eggermont JJ (2007) Pathophysiology of tinnitus. Prog Brain Res 166:19–35.
Eggermont JJ (2008) Role of auditory cortex in noise- and drug-induced tinnitus. Am J Audiol 17:S162–9.
Kaltenbach JA and DA Godfrey (2008) Dorsal cochlear nucleus hyperactivity and tinnitus: are they related? Am J Audiol 17:S148–61.
Bauer CA, JG Turner, DM Caspary et al (2008) Tinnitus and inferior colliculus activity in chinchillas related to three distinct patterns of cochlear trauma. J Neurosci Res 86:2564–78.
Lanting CP, E De Kleine, H Bartels et al (2008) Functional imaging of unilateral tinnitus using fMRI. Acta Otolaryngol 128:415–21.
Reyes SA, RJ Salvi, RF Burkard et al (2002) Brain imaging of the effects of lidocaine on tinnitus. Hear Res 171:43–50.
Melcher JR, IS Sigalovsky, JJ Guinan, Jr. et al (2000) Lateralized tinnitus studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging: abnormal inferior colliculus activation. J Neurophysiol 83:1058–72.
Schlee W, T Hartmann, B Langguth et al (2009) Abnormal resting-state cortical coupling in chronic tinnitus. BMC Neurosci 10:11.
Smits M, S Kovacs, D de Ridder et al (2007) Lateralization of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation in the auditory pathway of patients with lateralized tinnitus. Neuroradiology 49:669–79.
Lambert RC, T Bessaih and N Leresche (2006) Modulation of neuronal T-type calcium channels. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 5:611–27.
Surmeier DJ, J Ding, M Day et al (2007) D1 and D2 dopamine-receptor modulation of striatal glutamatergic signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons. Trends Neurosci 30:228–35.
Wonnacott S, J Barik, J Dickinson et al (2006) Nicotinic receptors modulate transmitter cross talk in the CNS: nicotinic modulation of transmitters. J Mol Neurosci 30:137–40.
Slassi A, M Isaac, L Edwards et al (2005) Recent advances in non-competitive mGlu5 receptor antagonists and their potential therapeutic applications. Curr Top Med Chem 5:897–911.
Blank T, I Nijholt, MJ Kye et al (2004) Small conductance Ca2 + -activated K + channels as targets of CNS drug development. Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord 3:161–7.
Muroi Y and B Chanda (2009) Local anesthetics disrupt energetic coupling between the voltage-sensing segments of a sodium channel. J Gen Physiol 133:1–15.
Duckert LG and TS Rees (1983) Treatment of tinnitus with intravenous lidocaine: a double-blind randomized trial. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 91:550–5.
Israel JM, JS Connelly, ST McTigue et al (1982) Lidocaine in the treatment of tinnitus aurium. A double-blind study. Arch Otolaryngol 108:471–3.
Kalcioglu MT, T Bayindir, T Erdem et al (2005) Objective evaluation of the effects of intravenous lidocaine on tinnitus. Hear Res 199:81–8.
Lenarz T (1986) Treatment of tinnitus with lidocaine and tocainide. Scand Audiol Suppl 26:49–51.
Melding PS, RJ Goodey and PR Thorne (1978) The use of intravenous lignocaine in the diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus. J Laryngol Otol 92:115–21.
Merchant SN and N Merchant (1985) Intravenous lignocaine in tinnitus. J Postgrad Med 31:80–2.
Trellakis S, J Lautermann and G Lehnerdt (2007) Lidocaine: neurobiological targets and effects on the auditory system. Prog Brain Res 166:303–22.
Darlington CL and PF Smith (2007) Drug treatments for tinnitus. Prog Brain Res 166:249–62.
Patterson MB and BJ Balough (2006) Review of pharmacological therapy for tinnitus. Int Tinnitus J 12:149–59.
Møller AR (2007) Tinnitus: presence and future. Prog Brain Res 166:3–16.
Levine RA (2006) Typewriter tinnitus: a carbamazepine-responsive syndrome related to auditory nerve vascular compression. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 68:43–6; discussion 6–7.
Mardini MK (1987) Ear-clicking “tinnitus” responding to carbamazepine. N Engl J Med 317:1542.
Tyler R, C Coelho, P Tao et al (2008) Identifying tinnitus subgroups with cluster analysis. Am J Audiol 17:S176–84.
Eggermont JJ (2005) Tinnitus: neurobiological substrates. Drug Discov Today 10:1283–90.
Enna SJ and M Williams (2009) Challenges in the search for drugs to treat central nervous system disorders. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 329: 404–11.
Spedding M, T Jay, J Costa e Silva et al (2005) A pathophysiological paradigm for the therapy of psychiatric disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov 4:467–76.
Henry TR (2003) The history of valproate in clinical neuroscience. Psychopharmacol Bull 37 Suppl 2:5–16.
Carpenter WT and JI Koenig (2008) The evolution of drug development in schizophrenia: past issues and future opportunities. Neuropsychopharmacology 33:2061–79.
Johannessen Landmark C (2008) Antiepileptic drugs in non-epilepsy disorders: relations between mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy. CNS Drugs 22:27–47.
Bauer CA (2003) Animal models of tinnitus. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 36:267–85.
Jastreboff PJ and JF Brennan (1994) Evaluating the loudness of phantom auditory perception (tinnitus) in rats. Audiology 33:202–17.
Turner JG (2007) Behavioral measures of tinnitus in laboratory animals. Prog Brain Res 166:147–56.
De Ridder D, H Fransen, O Francois et al (2006) Amygdalohippocampal involvement in tinnitus and auditory memory. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 556:50–3.
Jastreboff PJ and MM Jastreboff (2006) Tinnitus retraining therapy: a different view on tinnitus. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 68:23–9; discussion 9–30.
Bauer CA (2004) Mechanisms of tinnitus generation. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 12:413–7.
Hurko O and JL Ryan (2005) Translational research in central nervous system drug discovery. NeuroRx 2:671–82.
Frankenburg FR and RJ Baldessarini (2008) Neurosyphilis, malaria, and the discovery of antipsychotic agents. Harv Rev Psychiatry 16:299–307.
Langguth B, R Goodey, A Azevedo et al (2007) Consensus for tinnitus patient assessment and treatment outcome measurement: Tinnitus Research Initiative meeting, Regensburg, July 2006. Prog Brain Res 166:525–36.
Vio MM and RH Holme (2005) Hearing loss and tinnitus: 250 million people and a US$10 billion potential market. Drug Discov Today 10:1263–5.
Plazas PV, J Savino, S Kracun et al (2007) Inhibition of the alpha9alpha10 nicotinic cholinergic receptor by neramexane, an open channel blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 566:11–9.
Brocco M, A Dekeyne, C Mannoury la Cour et al (2008) Cellular and behavioural profile of the novel, selective neurokinin1 receptor antagonist, vestipitant: a comparison to other agents. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 18:729–50.
Eggermont JJ and H Komiya (2000) Moderate noise trauma in juvenile cats results in profound cortical topographic map changes in adulthood. Hear Res 142:89-101.
Norena AJ and JJ Eggermont (2003) Changes in spontaneous neural activity immediately after an acoustic trauma: implications for neural correlates of tinnitus. Hear Res 183:137–53.
Norena AJ, M Tomita and JJ Eggermont (2003) Neural changes in cat auditory cortex after a transient pure-tone trauma. J Neurophysiol 90:2387–401.
Muhlnickel W, T Elbert, E Taub et al (1998) Reorganization of auditory cortex in tinnitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:10340–3.
Norena AJ and JJ Eggermont (2005) Enriched acoustic environment after noise trauma reduces hearing loss and prevents cortical map reorganization. J Neurosci 25:699–705.
Norena AJ and JJ Eggermont (2006) Enriched acoustic environment after noise trauma abolishes neural signs of tinnitus. Neuroreport 17:559–63.
Stark H and H Scheich (1997) Dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission systems are differentially involved in auditory cortex learning: a long-term microdialysis study of metabolites. J Neurochem 68:691–7.
Bao S, VT Chan and MM Merzenich (2001) Cortical remodelling induced by activity of ventral tegmental dopamine neurons. Nature 412:79–83.
Kilgard MP and MM Merzenich (1998) Cortical map reorganization enabled by nucleus basalis activity. Science 279:1714–8.
Gritti I, L Mainville and BE Jones (1993) Codistribution of GABA- with acetylcholine-synthesizing neurons in the basal forebrain of the rat. J Comp Neurol 329:438–57.
Gritti I, L Mainville, M Mancia et al (1997) GABAergic and other noncholinergic basal forebrain neurons, together with cholinergic neurons, project to the mesocortex and isocortex in the rat. J Comp Neurol 383:163–77.
Seki S and JJ Eggermont (2003) Changes in spontaneous firing rate and neural synchrony in cat primary auditory cortex after localized tone-induced hearing loss. Hear Res 180:28–38.
Lobarinas E, W Dalby-Brown, D Stolzberg et al (2009) Effects of the BK Agonists BMS-204352 and the Enantiomeric Compound (“R-Enantiomer”) on Transient, Salicylate Induced Tinnitus in Rats. Association for Research in Otolarygol Baltimore, MD.
Nardi A and SP Olesen (2008) BK channel modulators: a comprehensive overview. Curr Med Chem 15:1126–46.
Korsgaard MP, BP Hartz, WD Brown et al (2005) Anxiolytic effects of Maxipost (BMS-204352) and retigabine via activation of neuronal Kv7 channels. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314:282–92.
de Lafuente V and R Romo (2005) Neuronal correlates of subjective sensory experience. Nat Neurosci 8:1698–703.
de Lafuente V and R Romo (2006) Neural correlate of subjective sensory experience gradually builds up across cortical areas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:14266–71.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Elgoyhen, A.B., Rothlin, C.V. (2011). The Pharmacologist. In: Møller, A.R., Langguth, B., De Ridder, D., Kleinjung, T. (eds) Textbook of Tinnitus. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-145-5_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-145-5_30
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-60761-144-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-60761-145-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)