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Hypertension and Stroke pp 195–210Cite as

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease: Are These Disorders Linked to Hypertension and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors?

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Part of the book series: Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Diseases ((CHVD))

Abstract

Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular forms of cognitive impairment (VCI) traditionally have been considered separate or divergent disorders (1). AD, for example, has been defined as a “degenerative” disease characterized by neuritic plaque and neurofibrillary tangle pathology, neuronal loss, and deposition of amyloid in the brain parenchyma and brain blood vessels. On the other hand, VCI has been characterized as disorders caused by cerebrovascular disease which may vary from mild to severe cognitive dysfunction (2). Practically, mixed neuropathology including both AD and VCI is common in the elderly, and vascular risk factors and atherosclerosis may be important in the genesis of both VCI and AD (3–6). Furthermore, AD and stroke pathogenic mechanisms may be synergistic (7).

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  1. Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine at Chicago, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA

    Fernando D. Testai MD, PhD & Philip B. Gorelick MD, MPH, FACP

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  1. College of Medicine, Dept. Neurology, University of Illinois, 912 S. Wood Street Room 855 N, Chicago, 60612, Illinois, USA

    Venkatesh Aiyagari

  2. University of Illinois, Department of Neurology and Rehabilitati, College of Medicine at Chicago, S. Wood St 912, Chicago, 60612, Illinois, USA

    Philip B. Gorelick

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Testai, F.D., Gorelick, P.B. (2011). Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease: Are These Disorders Linked to Hypertension and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors?. In: Aiyagari, V., Gorelick, P. (eds) Hypertension and Stroke. Clinical Hypertension and Vascular Diseases. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-010-6_12

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