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Mycobacteria: Tuberculosis

  • Chapter
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

There were 9 million new tuberculosis (TB) cases (and approximately 2 million TB deaths) in 2004, of which 3.9 million (62/100,000) were highly infectious, i.e. the bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which cause TB, and could be seen in preparations of expectorated sputum under the microscope (“pulmonary sputum smear-positive” cases). Patients with infectious tuberculosis (pulmonary and laryngeal) are the main sources of transmission of the disease and therefore they are the key targets in the international effort to combat tuberculosis in the world. Their timely diagnosis and prompt treatment has two purposes: cure which is of individual benefi t to the patient and by rendering infectious cases non-infectious, reduction in the spread of further infection. Nonpulmonary cases are usually not infectious to others. Of the new cases of TB detected in 2005, at least 741,000 cases were in adults co-infected with the human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) (1).

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  1. Institute of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary College, London, UK

    Francis A. Drobniewski & Yanina Balabanova

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  1. Francis A. Drobniewski
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  1. Executive Vice President & Chief Medical Officer, Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Douglas L. Mayers MD

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Drobniewski, F.A., Balabanova, Y. (2009). Mycobacteria: Tuberculosis. In: Mayers, D.L. (eds) Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Infectious Disease. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-595-8_16

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