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Regulation of Vulnerability to NMDA Excitotoxicity During Postnatal Maturation

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Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

Abstract

Hippocampal and cortical vulnerability to injury following activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors increases markedly during development from embryonic life to the adult. The mechanisms underlying this increased vulnerability are multiple, and include developmental regulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression, localization of NMDA to synapses or extrasynaptic locations, and intracellular metabolism of NMDA-induced increases in cytosolic calcium concentrations, particularly by mitochondria. The role of nitric oxide is highlighted, especially with new data demonstrating a role for mitochondrial nitric oxide syn-thase (NOS) as a primary mediator of the decreased vulnerability of immature neurons to excitotoxicity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

    Jeremy D. Marks

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  1. Jeremy D. Marks
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  1. University of California, San Diego, CA

    Gabriel G. Haddad

  2. Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA

    Gabriel G. Haddad

  3. Emory University, Atlanta, GA

    Shan Ping Yu

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Marks, J.D. (2009). Regulation of Vulnerability to NMDA Excitotoxicity During Postnatal Maturation. In: Haddad, G.G., Yu, S.P. (eds) Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-579-8_1

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