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Urinary Tract Infections

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Book cover Pediatric Urology

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

Abstract

When children present with a urinary tract infection (UTI), the goal is early recognition and treatment in an attempt to prevent renal parenchymal damage and subsequent renal scarring. The risks of these events are greatest during infancy. However, a delay in diagnosis and treatment of acute pyelonephritis (APN) can result in scarring at any age. In cases of recurrent pyelonephritis, progressive damage to the kidney can occur (Jakobsson et al., Arch Dis Child 70:111, 1994; Jakobsson et al., Pediatr Nephrol 6:; 328, 1992 ). Renal cortical scarring can result in long-term sequelae including uremia, hypertension, in girls, toxemia of pregnancy and in severe cases, end-stage renal disease. Since renal scarring is the fourth leading cause of renal transplantation in children, the need for early diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of children with UTIs is significant.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Massoud Majd of the Department of Pediatric Radiology at Children’s National Medical Center for his contribution of radiological images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Urology Research, George Washington University, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Hans G. Pohl MD

  2. Division of Pediatric Urology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Sherry Sedberry-Ross MD & H. Gil Rushton MD

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  1. Hans G. Pohl MD
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  3. H. Gil Rushton MD
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  1. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College, of Medicine of Case Western, Pediatric and Adolescent Urology Institu, Euclid Ave. 9500, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA

    Jeffrey S. Palmer

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Pohl, H.G., Sedberry-Ross, S., Rushton, H.G. (2011). Urinary Tract Infections. In: Palmer, J. (eds) Pediatric Urology. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-420-3_3

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