Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nutrition and Oral Health: A Two-Way Relationship

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Key Points

  • Overall, prevalence of edentulism among older adults has declined significantly in the past decade, increasing the ability to consume a more varied diet.

  • The consumption of fermentable carbohydrates, along with increased use of xerogenic medications, place older adults at high risk for dental caries.

  • Recent studies suggest an important role for calcium, vitamin D, and possibly vitamin C in reducing periodontitis risk.

  • Diets high in fruits and vegetables have consistently been shown to reduce oral cancer risk.

  • Tooth loss is associated with increased tendency among older adults to consume poorer quality diets, which in turn could increase cardiovascular risk.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 199.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

REFERENCES

  1. Swoboda J, Kiyak HA, Persson RE, et al. Predictors of oral health quality of life in older adults. Spec Care Dentist 2006;26(4):137–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Tsakos G, Steele JG, Marcenes W, Walls AW, Sheiham A. Clinical correlates of oral health-related quality of life: evidence from a national sample of British older people. Eur J Oral Sci 2006;114(5):391–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cunha-Cruz J, Hujoel PP, Kressin NR. Oral health-related quality of life of periodontal patients. J Periodontal Res 2007;42(2):169–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin 2007;57(1):43–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ries LAG, Melbert D, Krapcho M, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review 1975–2004. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gustafsson BE, Quensel CE, Lanke LS, et al. The Vipeholm dental caries study; the effect of different levels of carbohydrate intake on caries activity in 436 individuals observed for five years. Acta Odontol Scand 1954;11(3–4):232–64.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Zero DT. Sugars – the arch criminal? Caries Res 2004;38(3):277–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Mandel ID. Calculus update: prevalence, pathogenicity and prevention. J Am Dent Assoc 1995;126(5):573–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. van Loveren C, Duggal MS. The role of diet in caries prevention. Int Dent J 2001;51(6 Suppl 1):399–406.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Alfin-Slater RB, Pi-Sunyer FX. Sugar and sugar substitutes. Comparisons and indications. Postgrad Med 1987;82(2):46–50, 3–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Tomar SL, Asma S. Smoking-attributable periodontitis in the United States: findings from NHANES III. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Periodontol 2000;71(5):743–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Dietrich T, Maserejian NN, Joshipura KJ, Krall EA, Garcia RI. Tobacco use and incidence of tooth loss among US male health professionals. J Dent Res 2007;86(4):373–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Mealey BL, Oates TW. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 2006;77(8):1289–303.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Loos BG, John RP, Laine ML. Identification of genetic risk factors for periodontitis and possible mechanisms of action. J Clin Periodontol 2005;32 Suppl 6:159–79.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Nishida M, Grossi SG, Dunford RG, Ho AW, Trevisan M, Genco RJ. Calcium and the risk for periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2000;71(7):1057–66.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Al-Zahrani MS. Increased intake of dairy products is related to lower periodontitis prevalence. J Periodontol 2006;77(2):289–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Krall EA, Wehler C, Garcia RI, Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B. Calcium and vitamin D supplements reduce tooth loss in the elderly. Am J Med 2001;111(6):452–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dietrich T, Orav EJ, Dawson-Hughes B. Positive association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and bone mineral density: a population-based study of younger and older adults. Am J Med 2004;116(9):634–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Willett WC, Wong JB, Giovannucci E, Dietrich T, Dawson-Hughes B. Fracture prevention with vitamin D supplementation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Jama 2005;293(18):2257–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Dietrich T, Joshipura KJ, Dawson-Hughes B, Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Association between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and periodontal disease in the US population. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80(1):108–13.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Dietrich T, Nunn M, Dawson-Hughes B, Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Association between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and gingival inflammation. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;82(3):575–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Looker AC, Dawson-Hughes B, Calvo MS, Gunter EW, Sahyoun NR. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D status of adolescents and adults in two seasonal subpopulations from NHANES III. Bone 2002;30:771–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Hypponen E, Power C. Hypovitaminosis D in British adults at age 45 y: nationwide cohort study of dietary and lifestyle predictors. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(3):860–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Hintzpeter B, Mensink GBM, Thierfelder W, Muller MJ, Scheidt-Nave C. Vitamin D status and health correlates among German adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Leggot P, Robertson, P., Rothman, D., Murray, P., Jacob R. The effect of controlled ascorbic acid depletion and supplementation on periodontal health. J Periodontol 1985;57:480–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Leggot P, Robertson, P., Jacob R., Zambon, J., Walsh, M., Armitage, G. Effects of ascorbic acid depletion and supplementation on periodontal health and subgingival microflora in humans. J Dental Res 1991;70(December):1531–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nishida M, Grossi SG, Dunford RG, Ho AW, Trevisan M, Genco RJ. Dietary vitamin C and the risk for periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2000;71(8):1215–23.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Chapple IL, Milward MR, Dietrich T. The prevalence of inflammatory periodontitis is negatively associated with serum antioxidant concentrations. J Nutr 2007;137(3):657–64.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Kesavalu L, Vasudevan B, Raghu B, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acid effect on alveolar bone loss in rats. J Dent Res 2006;85(7):648–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Merchant AT, Pitiphat W, Franz M, Joshipura KJ. Whole-grain and fiber intakes and periodontitis risk in men. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83(6):1395–400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ritchie CS. Obesity and periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2007;44:154–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Pischon N, Heng N, Bernimoulin JP, Kleber BM, Willich SN, Pischon T. Obesity, inflammation, and periodontal disease. J Dent Res 2007;86(5):400–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Shuldiner AR, Yang R, Gong DW. Resistin, obesity and insulin resistance – the emerging role of the adipocyte as an endocrine organ. N Engl J Med 2001;345(18):1345–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Gupta PC, Hebert JR, Bhonsle RB, Sinor PN, Mehta H, Mehta FS. Dietary factors in oral leukoplakia and submucous fibrosis in a population-based case control study in Gujarat, India. Oral Dis 1998;4(3):200–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Morse DE, Pendrys DG, Katz RV, et al. Food group intake and the risk of oral epithelial dysplasia in a United States population. Cancer Causes Control 2000;11(8):713–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Maserejian NN, Giovannucci E, Rosner B, Zavras A, Joshipura K. Prospective study of fruits and vegetables and risk of oral premalignant lesions in men. Am J Epidemiol 2006;164(6):556–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Gridley G, McLaughlin JK, Block G, et al. Diet and oral and pharyngeal cancer among blacks. Nutr Cancer 1990;14(3–4):219–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Levi F, Pasche C, La Vecchia C, Lucchini F, Franceschi S, Monnier P. Food groups and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Cancer 1998;77(5):705–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Boeing H, Dietrich T, Hoffmann K, et al. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract: the prospective EPIC-study. Cancer Causes Control 2006;17(7):957–69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Gupta PC, Hebert JR, Bhonsle RB, Murti PR, Mehta H, Mehta FS. Influence of dietary factors on oral precancerous lesions in a population-based case-control study in Kerala, India. Cancer 1999;85(9):1885–93.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96(10):1027–39.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Winn DM. Diet and nutrition in the etiology of oral cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(2):437S–45S.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Day GL, Shore RE, Blot WJ, et al. Dietary factors and second primary cancers: a follow-up of oral and pharyngeal cancer patients. Nutr Cancer 1994;21(3):223–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. McLaughlin JK, Gridley G, Block G, et al. Dietary factors in oral and pharyngeal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1988;80(15):1237–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. De Stefani E, Oreggia F, Boffetta P, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Ronco A, Mendilaharsu M. Tomatoes, tomato-rich foods, lycopene and cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract: a case-control in Uruguay. Oral Oncol 2000;36(1):47–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Takezaki T, Hirose K, Inoue M, et al. Tobacco, alcohol and dietary factors associated with the risk of oral cancer among Japanese. Jpn J Cancer Res 1996;87(6):555–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Flagg EW, Coates RJ, Jones DP, et al. Dietary glutathione intake and the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139(5):453–65.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Barone J, Taioli E, Hebert JR, Wynder EL. Vitamin supplement use and risk for oral and esophageal cancer. Nutr Cancer 1992;18(1):31–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Benner SE, Winn RJ, Lippman SM, et al. Regression of oral leukoplakia with alpha-tocopherol: a community clinical oncology program chemoprevention study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85(1):44–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Blot WJ, Li JY, Taylor PR, et al. Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85(18):1483–92.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Garewal HS. Beta-carotene and vitamin E in oral cancer prevention. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1993;17F:262–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Hong WK, Endicott J, Itri LM, et al. 13-cis-retinoic acid in the treatment of oral leukoplakia. N Engl J Med 1986;315(24):1501–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Zheng W, Blot WJ, Diamond EL, et al. Serum micronutrients and the subsequent risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res 1993;53(4):795–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Nagao T, Ikeda N, Warnakulasuriya S, et al. Serum antioxidant micronutrients and the risk of oral leukoplakia among Japanese. Oral Oncol 2000;36(5):466–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Negri E, Franceschi S, Bosetti C, et al. Selected micronutrients and oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Cancer 2000;86(1):122–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Ramaswamy G, Rao VR, Kumaraswamy SV, Anantha N. Serum vitamins' status in oral leucoplakias – a preliminary study. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 1996;32B(2):120–2.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Tavani A, Gallus S, La Vecchia C, et al. Diet and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. An Italian case-control study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2001;10(2):191–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Khuri FR, Lippman SM, Spitz MR, Lotan R, Hong WK. Molecular epidemiology and retinoid chemoprevention of head and neck cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997;89(3):199–211.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Hong WK. Retinoids in head and neck chemoprevention. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1997;216(2):283–90.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Zain RB. Cultural and dietary risk factors of oral cancer and precancer – a brief overview. Oral Oncol 2001;37(3):205–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Hong WK, Lippman SM, Itri LM, et al. Prevention of second primary tumors with isotretinoin in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 1990;323(12):795–801.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Garewal HS, Katz RV, Meyskens F, et al. Beta-carotene produces sustained remissions in patients with oral leukoplakia: results of a multicenter prospective trial. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999;125(12):1305–10.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Garrote LF, Herrero R, Reyes RM, et al. Risk factors for cancer of the oral cavity and oro-pharynx in Cuba. Br J Cancer 2001;85(1):46–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Fioretti F, Bosetti C, Tavani A, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C. Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in never smokers. Oral Oncol 1999;35(4):375–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Franceschi S, Favero A, Conti E, et al. Food groups, oils and butter, and cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx. Br J Cancer 1999;80(3–4):614–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Badawi AF, Hosny G, el-Hadary M, Mostafa MH. Salivary nitrate, nitrite and nitrate reductase activity in relation to risk of oral cancer in Egypt. Dis Markers 1998;14(2):91–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Ritchie CS, Joshipura K, Hung HC, Douglass CW. Nutrition as a mediator in the relation between oral and systemic disease: associations between specific measures of adult oral health and nutrition outcomes. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2002;13(3):291–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Johansson I, Tidehag P, Lundberg V, Hallmans G. Dental status, diet and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged people in northern Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1994;22(6):431–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Norlen P, Steen, B., Birkhed, D., Bjorn, A.L. On the relationship bewteen dietary habits, nutrients, and oral health in women at the age of retirement. Acta Odontol Scand 1993;51:277–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Joshipura KJ, Willett WC, Douglass CW. The impact of edentulousness on food and nutrient intake. J Am Dent Assoc 1996;127(4):459–67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Sheiham A, Steele JG, Marcenes W, et al. The relationship among dental status, nutrient intake, and nutritional status in older people. J Dent Res 2001;80(2):408–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Joshipura K, Ritchie C, Douglass C. Strength of evidence linking oral conditions and systemic disease. Compend Contin Educ Dent Suppl 2000(30):12–23; quiz 65.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Joshipura K. How can tooth loss affect diet and health, and what nutritional advice would you give to a patient scheduled for extractions? J Can Dent Assoc 2005;71(6):421–2.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Krall E, Hayes C, Garcia R. How dentition status and masticatory function affect nutrient intake. J Am Dent Assoc 1998;129(9):1261–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Papas AS, Palmer CA, Rounds MC, Russell RM. The effects of denture status on nutrition. Spec Care Dentist 1998;18(1):17–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Papas AS, Joshi A, Giunta JL, Palmer CA. Relationships among education, dentate status, and diet in adults. Spec Care Dentist 1998;18(1):26–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Hung HC, Willett W, Ascherio A, Rosner BA, Rimm E, Joshipura KJ. Tooth loss and dietary intake. J Am Dent Assoc 2003;134(9):1185–92.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Hung HC, Colditz G, Joshipura KJ. The association between tooth loss and the self-reported intake of selected CVD-related nutrients and foods among US women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2005;33(3):167–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Laurin D, Brodeur JM, Bourdages J, Vallee R, Lachapelle D. Fibre intake in elderly individuals with poor masticatory performance. J Can Dent Assoc 1994;60(5):443–6, 9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Nordstrom G. The impact of socio-medical factors and oral status on dietary intake in the eighth decade of life. Aging 1990;2(December):371–85.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Horwath C. Chewing difficulty and dietary intake in the elderly. J Nutr Elder 1989;9:17–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Lamy M, Mojon, Ph., Kalykakis, G., Legrand, R., Butz-Jorgensen, E. Oral status and nutrition in the institutionalized elderly. J Dentistry 1999;24:443–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Garrett N, Kapur, K., Hasse, A., Dent, R. Veterans Administration Cooperative Dental Implant Study – Comparisons between fixed partial dentures supported by blade-vent implants and removable partial dentures. PartV: Comparisons of pretreatment and posttreatment dietary intakes. J Prosthet Dent 1997;77(February):153–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Sebring N, Guckes, A., Li, S.H., McCarthy, G. Nutritional Adequacy of reported intake of edentulous subjects treated with new conventional or implant supported mandibular dentures. J Prosthet Dent 1995;74(October):358–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Lindquist L. Prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible. Swedish Dental J 1987;48:1–39.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Olivier M, Laurin D, Brodeur JM, et al. Prosthetic relining and dietary counselling in elderly women. J Can Dent Assoc 1995;61(10):882–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Mojon P, Budtz-Jorgensen, E., Rapin, C. Relationship between oral health and nutrition in very old people. Age Ageing 1999;28:463–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Hirano H, Ishiyama N, Watanabe I, Nasu I. Masticatory ability in relation to oral status and general health on aging. J Nutr Health Aging 1999;3(1):48–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Elwood PC, Bates JF. Dentition and nutrition. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1972;22(11):427–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Ritchie CS, Joshipura K, Silliman RA, Miller B, Douglas CW. Oral health problems and significant weight loss among community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2000;55(7):M366–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Joshipura KJ, Ritchie C. Can the relation between tooth loss and chronic disease be explained by socio-economic status? Eur J Epidemiol 2005;20(3):203–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Minasian A, Dwyer JT. Nutritional implications of dental and swallowing issues in head and neck cancer. Oncology (Williston Park) 1998;12(8):1155–62; discussion 62–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Kronenberger MB, Meyers AD. Dysphagia following head and neck cancer surgery. Dysphagia 1994;9(4):236–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Loesche W, Abrams, J., Terpenning, M., Bretz, W., Dominguez, L., Grossman, N., Hildebrandt, G., Langmore, S., Lopatin, D. Dental findings in geriatric populations with diverse medical backgrounds. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology 1995;80(July):43–54.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Rhodus NL. Qualitative nutritional intake analysis of older adults with sjogren's syndrome. Gerodontology 1988;7:61–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Rhodus NL, Brown J. The association of xerostomia and inadequate intake in older adults. J Am Diet Assoc 1990;90(12):1688–92.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Dormeval V, Budtz-Jorgensen, E., Mojon, P., Bruyere, A., Rapin, C. Nutrition, general health status and oral health status in hospitalised elders. Gerodontology 1995;12:73–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Puerto Rico, Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico

    Kaumudi Joshipura BDS, ScD

  2. School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, UK; Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA

    Thomas Dietrich DMD, MD, MPH

Authors
  1. Kaumudi Joshipura BDS, ScD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Thomas Dietrich DMD, MD, MPH
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for the Study of Aging &, Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, USA

    Connie W. Bales

  2. Div. Gerontology, Geriatrics &, Palliative Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, 19th Street South 933, Birmingham, 35294, USA

    Christine S. Ritchie

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Joshipura, K., Dietrich, T. (2009). Nutrition and Oral Health: A Two-Way Relationship. In: Bales, C., Ritchie, C. (eds) Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-384-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-385-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation