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Sleep and Quality of Life in Endocrine Diseases

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Sleep and Quality of Life in Clinical Medicine

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Summary

It is well established that a close relationship exists between sleep and hormones of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis. Sleep has an electrophysiological component and an endocrine component, i.e., the distinct patterns of hormone secretion. Both the electrophysiological and the hormonal component interact bi-directional. Sleep-endocrine rhythms are closely interrelated, and sleep is an important regulator of (neuro)endocrine function. The secretion of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and thyrotropin (TSH) is markedly increased during sleep, whereas the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol is inhibited. Sleep deprivation is associated with decreased GH and PRL secretion, and increased cortisol and TSH secretion. The decrease of GH secretion, which occurs with advancing age, is strongly associated with impaired quality of sleep. Increasing age is associated with increased levels of cortisol, which is significant after age 50 years when sleep is more fragmented and REM sleep declines. GH deficiency in adults (AGHD) is a well-recognized clinical syndrome, which is characterized by abnormal body composition and most notably, impairment of quality of life (QoL). Recent studies on long-term treatment of adult GH-deficient patients have convincingly shown that GH replacement therapy improves QoL in association with a reduction in healthcare utilization. Chronic excess of glucocorticoids, Cushing’s syndrome, is associated with sleep disturbances, mood alterations, depression, and impaired QoL. Patients with thyroid disease have sleep disturbances and a significantly reduced health-related QoL.

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Authors
  1. Hans P. F. Koppeschaar
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  2. Elisabetta Hendrika Quik
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Section Psychopharmacology Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3508TB, PoBox 80082, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Joris C. Verster

  2. Divison of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street - Rm # BB813, New York, NY 10032, USA

    S. R. Pandi-Perumal

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Kunin-Lunenfeld Applied Research Unit (KLARU), 3560 Bathurst St., Toronto, M6A 2E1, Canada

    David L. Streiner

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© 2008 Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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Koppeschaar, H.P.F., Quik, E.H. (2008). Sleep and Quality of Life in Endocrine Diseases. In: Verster, J.C., Pandi-Perumal, S.R., Streiner, D.L. (eds) Sleep and Quality of Life in Clinical Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-343-5_47

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-343-5_47

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-340-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-343-5

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