Streptococcus is a genus of nonmotile (with few exceptions), nonspore-forming, aerobic to facultatively anaerobic bacteria (family Lactobacillaceae) that occur in pairs (diplococci) or short or long chains and that contain Gram-positive, spherical or ovoid cells. The type species is Streptococcus pyogenes. The Streptococcusbacteria are divided into two major groups, A and B. Group A streptococci (GAS) causes a broad spectrum of diseases that range from uncomplicated pharyngitis (“strep throat”) to life-threatening illnesses, including pneumonia, bacteremia, necrotizing fasciitis (soft tissue disease), and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (multiorgan failures).
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Georgiev, V.S. (2009). Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumococcal) Disease. In: Georgiev, V.S. (eds) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH. Infectious Disease. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-297-1_11
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