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Significance of the SXT/R391 Family of Integrating Conjugative Elements in Vibrio cholerae

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Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects on Cholera

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

Abstract

Integrating conjugative elements (ICEs) are self-transmissible mobile elements that transfer between bacteria via conjugation and integrate into the chromosome. SXTMO10 is an ICE that was initially discovered in a 1992 Vibrio cholerae O139 clinical isolate from India. SXTMO10 and related ICEs became prevalent in Asian V. cholerae populations in the 1990s and are now present in most clinical and environmental V. cholerae isolates from Asia and Africa, playing an important role in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in this pathogen. More than 35 SXTMO10-related elements have now been identified worldwide in environmental and clinical isolates of at least nine Vibrio-like species. The SXTMO10-related ICEs have a highly conserved overall genome organization, disrupted by ICE-specific regions conferring ICE-specific properties. The appearance of SXTMO10-related ICEs in V. cholerae seems to be correlated with an increased use of antibiotics to treat cholera. However, discovery of ICEs that do not confer any drug resistance suggests that these mobile elements could confer other advantages to the bacteria in the environment.

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Acknowledgements

V.B. holds a Canada research chair on molecular biology, impact and evolution of bacterial mobile elements.

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  1. Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1K 2R1

    Vincent Burrus

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  1. National Institute of Cholera and Enteri, P-33 C.I.T. Road Scheme XM, Calcutta, 700010, India

    T. Ramamurthy

  2. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, 110029, India

    S.K. Bhattacharya

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Burrus, V. (2011). Significance of the SXT/R391 Family of Integrating Conjugative Elements in Vibrio cholerae . In: Ramamurthy, T., Bhattacharya, S. (eds) Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects on Cholera. Infectious Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-265-0_9

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