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Annotated References/Further Information
Code of Medical Ethics of the American Medical Association: Current Opinions with Annotations, 2006–2007 Edition. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. Annotations prepared by the Southern Illinois University Schools of Medicine and Law.
Snyder L, JD, and Leffler C, JD. Ethics Manual, Fifth Edition. Ethics and Human Rights Committee, American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine. 142(7):560–582, 5 April 2005. The subsection on Resource Allocation includes two principles that should guide physicians as they face the ethical problems raised by the just allocation of resources and changing reimbursement methods. The quote included in this case is the second of those principles.
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Bernstein AD and Parsonnet V. Survey of cardiac pacing in the United States in 1989. The American Journal of Cardiology. 1992;69:331–8.
Dretzke J et al. Dual chamber versus single chamber ventricular pacemakers for sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2004.
Da Costa D et al. Bradycardias and atrioventricular conduction block. British Medical Journal. 324(7336):535–8, 2002 Mar 2.
Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Publication 100–03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations. Section 20.8 Cardiac Pacemakers.
www.cms.hhs.gov/Transmittals/Downloads/R16NCD.pdf. Accessed October 15, 2007.
Rinfret, S. et al. Cost-effectiveness of dual-chamber pacing compared with ventricular pacing for sinus node dysfunction. Circulation. 2005;111:165–172.
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(2008). When Age Is a Factor in Health Care Decisions. In: Evidence-Based Medical Ethics. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-246-9_18
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