Abstract
Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) is a Mediterranean perennial herb offering good potential as substrate for sustainable production of bioethanol. In this work the first approach to the study of dilute-acid pretreatment of cardoon biomass for biological conversion was made. The influence of temperature (160–200°C), acid concentration (0–0.2% [w/w]), and solid concentration (5–10% [w/v]) in the formation of free sugars and sugar decomposition products in the prehydrolyzate was studied using a response surface methodology. Results show a negative interaction effect between acid concentration and temperature in xylose recovery yield in prehydrolyzate, whereas dry matter concentration does not exert a significant effect. Xylose recovery yield reaches a maximum of about 80% of the content in dry untreated raw material at 180°C and 0.1 or 0.2% acid addition. At these conditions the ratio of monomers found in prehydrolyzate in relation to total sugar yield for xylose is close to 100%. Furfural concentration, the major furan determined in the prehydrolyzate, increases as pretreatment severity rises. Maximum furfural yield of 4.2 g/100 g dry untreated raw material was found at 200°C and 0.2% acid concentration. The yield of furfural at the conditions in which maximum xylose recovery is attained is substantially lower, less than 2 g/100 g dry untreated raw material. This fact supports the idea of using moderate temperatures in dilute-acid processes, which at the same time provides reasonably high sugar recovery yield and avoids high inhibitory products formation.
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Ballesteros, M., Negro, M.J., Manzanares, P., Ballesteros, I., Sáez, F., Oliva, J.M. (2007). Fractionation of Cynara cardunculus (Cardoon) Biomass by Dilute-Acid Pretreatment. In: Mielenz, J.R., Klasson, K.T., Adney, W.S., McMillan, J.D. (eds) Applied Biochemistry and Biotecnology. ABAB Symposium. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-181-3_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-181-3_22
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