Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Walser M. Ion association. VI. Interactions between calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, citrate and protein in normal human plasma. J Clin Invest 1961; 40:723–30.
Slomp J, van der Voort PH, Gerritsen RT et al. Albumin-adjusted calcium is not suitable for diagnosis of hyper- and hypocalcemia in the critically ill. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1389–93.
Moyses-Neto M, Guimaraes FM, Ayoub FH et al. Acute renal failure and hypercalcemia. Ren Fail 2006; 28:153–9.
Newman EM, Bouvet M, Borgehi S et al. Causes of hypercalcemia in a population of military veterans in the United States. Endocr Pract 2006; 12:535–41.
Bruzzaniti A, Baron R Molecular regulation of osteoclast activity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2006; 7:123–39.
Van Cromphaut SJ, Dewerchin M, Hoenderop JG et al. Duodenal calcium absorption in vitamin D receptor-knockout mice: functional and molecular aspects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:13324–9.
Bianco SD, Peng JB, Takanaga H et al. Marked disturbance of calcium homeostasis in mice with targeted disruption of the Trpv6 calcium channel gene. J Bone Miner Res 2007; 22:274–85.
Sharma OP. Hypercalcemia in granulomatous disorders: a clinical review. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2000; 6:442–7.
Suda T, Takahashi N, Udagawa N et al. Modulation of osteoclast differentiation and function by the new members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor and ligand families. Endocr Rev 1999; 20:345–57.
Pavlakis N, Schmidt R, Stockler M. Bisphosphonates for breast cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; CD003474.
Guise TA, Mundy GR. Cancer and bone. Endocr Rev 1998; 19:18–54.
Coleman RE. Clinical features of metastatic bone disease and risk of skeletal morbidity. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:6243s-9s.
Stewart AF, Horst R, Deftos LJ et al. Biochemical evaluation of patients with cancer-associated hypercalcemia: evidence for humoral and nonhumoral groups. N Engl J Med 1980; 303:1377–83.
Gensure RC, Gardella TJ, Juppner H. Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide, and their receptors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 328:666–78.
Heath DA. Primary hyperparathyroidism. Clinical presentation and factors influencing clinical management. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1989; 18:631–46.
Silverberg SJ, Bilezikian JP. The diagnosis and management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2006; 2:494–503.
Zikusoka MN, Kidd M, Eick G et al. The molecular genetics of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer 2005; 104:2292–309.
Goodman WG. Medical management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18 Suppl 3:iii2–iii8.
Davies M. Hyperparathyroidism in X-linked hypophosphataemic osteomalacia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995; 42:205–6.
Van den Berghe G, Van Roosbroeck D, Vanhove P et al. Bone turnover in prolonged critical illness: effect of vitamin D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:4623–32.
Stewart AF, Adler M, Byers CM et al. Calcium homeostasis in immobilization: an example of resorptive hypercalciuria. N Engl J Med 1982; 306:1136–40.
Lambers TT, Bindels RJ, Hoenderop JG. Coordinated control of renal Ca2+ handling. Kidney Int 2006; 69:650–4.
Suki WN. Effects of diuretics on calcium metabolism. Adv Exp Med Biol 1982; 151:493–500.
Schrier RW. Body water homeostasis: clinical disorders of urinary dilution and concentration. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17:1820–32.
Brown EM, Pollak M, Seidman CE et al. Calcium-ion-sensing cell-surface receptors. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:234–40.
Pollak MR, Chou YH, Marx SJ et al. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism. Effects of mutant gene dosage on phenotype. J Clin Invest 1994; 93:1108–12.
Haden ST, Stoll AL, McCormick S et al. Alterations in parathyroid dynamics in lithium-treated subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:2844–8.
Bringhurst FR, Demay MB, Kronenberg HM et al. Hormones and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism. In: Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 10th ed., vol. 1. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2003:1303–74.
Locatelli F, Cannata-Andia JB, Drueke TB et al. Management of disturbances of calcium and phosphate metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency, with emphasis on the control of hyperphosphataemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17:723–31.
Lim P, Dong S, Khoo OT. Intracellular magnesium depletion in chronic renal failure. N Engl J Med 1969; 280:981–4.
Tanvetyanon T, Stiff PJ. Management of the adverse effects associated with intravenous bisphosphonates. Ann Oncol 2006; 17:897–907.
Dettelbach MA, Deftos LJ, Stewart AF. Intraperitoneal free fatty acids induce severe hypocalcemia in rats: a model for the hypocalcemia of pancreatitis. J Bone Miner Res 1990; 5:1249–55.
Bilezikian JP. Clinical review 51: Management of hypercalcemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993; 77:1445–9.
Dickerson RN. Treatment of hypocalcemia in critical illness – part 1. Nutrition 2007; 23:358–61.
Drop LJ, Laver MB. Low plasma ionized calcium and response to calcium therapy in critically ill man. Anesthesiology 1975; 43:300–6.
Dickerson RN. Treatment of hypocalcemia in critical illness – part 2. Nutrition 2007; 23:436–7.
Forster J, Querusio L, Burchard KW et al. Hypercalcemia in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 1985; 202:512–8.
Stoffels K, Overbergh L, Giulietti A et al. Immune regulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3-1alpha-hydroxylase in human monocytes. J Bone Miner Res 2006; 21:37–47.
Lin WJ, Yeh WC. Implication of Toll-like receptor and tumor necrosis factor alpha signaling in septic shock. Shock 2005; 24:206–9.
Warren JD, Blumbergs PC, Thompson PD. Rhabdomyolysis: a review. Muscle Nerve 2002; 25:332–47.
Shrestha SM, Berry JL, Davies M et al. Biphasic hypercalcemia in severe rhabdomyolysis: serial analysis of PTH and vitamin D metabolites. A case report and literature review. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43:e31–5.
Akmal M, Bishop JE, Telfer N et al. Hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia in patients with rhabdomyolysis with and without acute renal failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 63:137–42.
Vella A, Gerber TC, Hayes DL et al. Digoxin, hypercalcaemia, and cardiac conduction. Postgrad Med J 1999; 75:554–6.
Hosking DJ, Cowley A, Bucknall CA. Rehydration in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia. Q J Med 1981; 50:473–81.
Nussbaum SR, Younger J, Vandepol CJ et al. Single-dose intravenous therapy with pamidronate for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy: comparison of 30-, 60-, and 90-mg dosages. Am J Med 1993; 95:297–304.
Body JJ, Lortholary A, Romieu G et al. A dose-finding study of zoledronate in hypercalcemic cancer patients. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14:1557–61.
Marcus R. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperparathyroidism. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2000; 1:247–52.
Mehrotra B, Ruggiero S. Bisphosphonate complications including osteonecrosis of the jaw. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2006; 356–60, 515.
Major P, Lortholary A, Hon J et al. Zoledronic acid is superior to pamidronate in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy: a pooled analysis of two randomized, controlled clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19:558–67.
Rosen LS, Gordon D, Kaminski M et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid compared with pamidronate disodium in the treatment of skeletal complications in patients with advanced multiple myeloma or breast carcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, comparative trial. Cancer 2003; 98:1735–44.
Durie BG, Katz M, Crowley J. Osteonecrosis of the jaw and bisphosphonates. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:99–102.
Weitzman R, Sauter N, Eriksen EF et al. Critical review: updated recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer patients-–May 2006. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2007; 62:148–52.
Hosking DJ, Gilson D. Comparison of the renal and skeletal actions of calcitonin in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Q J Med 1984; 53:359–68.
Fatemi S, Singer FR, Rude RK. Effect of salmon calcitonin and etidronate on hypercalcemia of malignancy. Calcif Tissue Int 1992; 50:107–9.
Percival RC, Yates AJ, Gray RE et al. Role of glucocorticoids in management of malignant hypercalcaemia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984; 289:287.
Sandler LM, Winearls CG, Fraher LJ et al. Studies of the hypercalcaemia of sarcoidosis: effect of steroids and exogenous vitamin D3 on the circulating concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. Q J Med 1984; 53:165–80.
Van Cromphaut SJ, Stockmans I, Torrekens S et al. Duodenal calcium absorption in dexamethasone-treated mice: functional and molecular aspects. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007; 460:300–5.
Huybers S, Naber TH, Bindels RJ et al. Prednisolone-induced Ca2+ malabsorption is caused by diminished expression of the epithelial Ca2+ channel TRPV6. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007; 292:G92–7.
Selby PL, Davies M, Marks JS et al. Vitamin D intoxication causes hypercalcaemia by increased bone resorption which responds to pamidronate. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995; 43:531–6.
Perlia CP, Gubisch NJ, Wolter J et al. Mithramycin treatment of hypercalcemia. Cancer 1970; 25:389–94.
Leyland-Jones B. Treatment of cancer-related hypercalcemia: the role of gallium nitrate. Semin Oncol 2003; 30:13–9.
Arumugam GP, Sundravel S, Shanthi P et al. Tamoxifen flare hypercalcemia: an additional support for gallium nitrate usage. J Bone Miner Metab 2006; 24:243–7.
Dougall WC, Chaisson M. The RANK/RANKL/OPG triad in cancer-induced bone diseases. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2006; 25:541–9.
Schwarz EM, Ritchlin CT. Clinical development of anti-RANKL therapy. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9 Suppl 1:S7
Gurney H, Grill V, Martin TJ. Parathyroid hormone-related protein and response to pamidronate in tumour-induced hypercalcaemia. Lancet 1993; 341:1611–13.
Cardella CJ, Birkin BL, Rapoport A. Role of dialysis in the treatment of severe hypercalcemia: report of two cases successfully treated with hemodialysis and review of the literature. Clin Nephrol 1979; 12:285–90.
Koo WS, Jeon DS, Ahn SJ et al. Calcium-free hemodialysis for the management of hypercalcemia. Nephron 1996; 72:424–8.
Goltzman D, Karaplis AC, Kremer R et al. Molecular basis of the spectrum of skeletal complications of neoplasia. Cancer 2000; 88:2903–8.
Kebebew E, Duh QY, Clark OH. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism: histologic patterns of disease and results of parathyroidectomy. Arch Surg 2004; 139:974–7.
Block GA, Martin KJ, de Francisco AL et al. Cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients receiving hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 2004; 350:1516–25.
Srinivas TR, Schold JD, Womer KL et al. Improvement in hypercalcemia with cinacalcet after kidney transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 1:323–6.
Shoback DM, Bilezikian JP, Turner SA et al. The calcimimetic cinacalcet normalizes serum calcium in subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:5644–9.
Festen-Spanjer B, Haring CM, Koster JB et al. Correction of hypercalcaemia by cinacalcet in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2007; doi: 10.1111/j.1365–2265.2007.03027.x.
Silverberg SJ, Rubin MR, Faiman C et al. Cinacalcet Hydrochloride Reduces the Serum Calcium Concentration in Inoperable Parathyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; doi:10.1210/jc.2007–0585.
Tohme JF, Bilezikian JP. Hypocalcemic emergencies. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1993; 22:363–75.
Lin CY, Hsieh KC, Yeh MC et al. Skin necrosis after intravenous calcium chloride administration as a complication of parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism: report of four cases. Surg Today 2007; 37:778–81.
Rampello E, Fricia T, Malaguarnera M. The management of tumor lysis syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Oncol 2006; 3:438–47.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Humana Press a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Van Cromphaut, S.J., Bouillon, R. (2008). Acute Calcium Disorders. In: Acute Endocrinology. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-177-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-177-6_4
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-176-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-177-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)