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Liver Immunology pp 71–82Cite as

Hepatic NK, NKT, and T Cells

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Abstract

The liver’s unique location between the gastrointestinal tract and peripheral lymphoid organs and its fenestrated endothelium allow contact with many antigenic substances. These consist of dietary proteins transported from the gut via the portal vein, products of intrahepatic metabolism, and bacterial and viral liver pathogens. According to the different origin of these antigens, the liver has the unique ability to induce either tolerance or inflammatory reactions (1,2) (Table 1). Furthermore, the liver can actively modulate ongoing immune reactions: the intrahepatic inflammatory infiltrate can be increased by chemotactic attraction and activation of leukocytes (3) and decreased by induction of apoptosis of activated intra-hepatic lymphocytes (4). These dual and apparently oppos-4 ing functions are important to understand the mechanisms of tolerance to oral and allograft antigens and the pathogenesis of liver diseases caused by parasitic and viral pathogens. This chapter addresses the unique role of intrahepatic natural killer (NK), natural killer T (NKT), and T cells during this process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, USA

    Golo Ahlenstiel MD

  2. National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD

    Golo Ahlenstiel MD & Barbara Rehermann MD

  3. Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, USA

    Barbara Rehermann MD

Authors
  1. Golo Ahlenstiel MD
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  2. Barbara Rehermann MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA

    M. Eric Gershwin MD, FACP

  2. Departments of Medicine and Surgery Baylor Liver Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

    John M. Vierling MD, FACP

  3. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany

    Michael P. Manns MD

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© 2007 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Ahlenstiel, G., Rehermann, B. (2007). Hepatic NK, NKT, and T Cells. In: Gershwin, M.E., Vierling, J.M., Manns, M.P. (eds) Liver Immunology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-518-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-518-3_7

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-818-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-518-3

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