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Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation pp 855–867Cite as

Augmentation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Anti-cancer Vaccines

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Part of the book series: Contemporary Hematology ((CH))

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative therapy for a variety of hematological malignancies including acute and chronic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma [1]. In addition, better disease control and improved survival can be achieved in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), though it is presently unclear whether patients can be cured with HSCT [2]. However, relapse of the underlying malignant disease is still a significant clinical problem. After autologous HSCT, the relapse rate is as high as 60% while after allogeneic HSCT up to 30% of patients relapse [3]. If relapse occurs, the prognosis is generally poor. Thus, new and more effective treatments of relapse and/or means of preventing relapse are urgently needed. It is widely believed that much of the success of allogeneic HSCT for patients with leukemia and lymphoma is due to the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect [4]. This belief is based on the observations that GVHD correlates with superior disease control [4] and that clinical responses result from maneuvers such as infusions of donor lymphocytes and withdrawing immunosuppression [5]. The target antigens recognized by the donor immune system are not well-characterized and certainly are not identified in routine clinical practice [6].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine and the Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Edward D. Ball & Peter R. Holman

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  1. Edward D. Ball
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  2. Peter R. Holman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Hillard M. Lazarus

  2. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Mary J. Laughlin

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Ball, E.D., Holman, P.R. (2010). Augmentation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Anti-cancer Vaccines. In: Lazarus, H.M., Laughlin, M.J. (eds) Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Contemporary Hematology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-478-0_46

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-478-0_46

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