Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Abstract

Group A streptococcal pharyngitis is defined as an acute infection of the oropharynx and sometimes the nasopharynx by Streptococcus pyogenes. The purpose of this guideline is to provide recommendations for the accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment of Group A streptococcal pharyngitis in children and adults. Following these recommendations should result in fewer cases of acute rheumatic fever, fewer cases of suppurative complications (e.g., peritonsillar abcesses, cervical lymphadenitis, and mastoiditis), a more rapid return to usual activities, and a decrease in infectivity. This decrease in infectivity will result in a reduced transmission of Group A β-hemolytic streptococci among family members and close contacts of the patient. Another important benefit to the widespread use of this guideline will be the minimization of inappropriate antibiotic therapy use.