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Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and RNA Viruses as Gene Therapy Vectors

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Gene Therapy for Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

The ability of RNA viruses to efficiently reproduce in transformed cells was first recognized nearly 100 yr ago. However, it wasn’t until the late 1990s that a resurrection of the interest in the ability of certain viruses to preferentially replicate in malignant cells and less so in normal cells occurred, the curiosity being to evaluate whether these agents could be useful in cancer therapy regimes. It was following these reports, demonstrating that DNA viruses such as adenovirus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) could act as antineoplastic agents, that similar encouraging investigations were conducted using RNA viruses such as reovirus and Newcastle Disease virus, vesicular stomatitis Virus (VSV), and measles virus (MV). Here we will review the use of RNA viruses as oncolytic agents in the treatment of malignant disease, focusing on the negative-stranded RNA virus, VSV. The general mechanisms by which oncolytic viruses such as VSV achieve their antitumor effectiveness and specificity are discussed, including the role of the innate immune system involving the interferon response.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL

    Glen N. Barber PhD

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  1. Glen N. Barber PhD
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  1. The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

    Kelly K. Hunt MD  & Stephen G. Swisher MD  & 

  2. Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Stephan A. Vorburger MD, MCR

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© 2007 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Barber, G.N. (2007). Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and RNA Viruses as Gene Therapy Vectors. In: Hunt, K.K., Vorburger, S.A., Swisher, S.G. (eds) Gene Therapy for Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-222-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-222-9_7

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