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Opioid Antagonists in Traumatic Shock: Animal and Human Studies

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Opiate Receptors and Antagonists

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

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Abstract

Since the opioid antagonist, naloxone, was found to be beneficial in reducing the effects of traumatic shock in 1978, a series of work on the roles of endogenous opioid peptides (EOPs) and their antagonists in circulatory shock was conducted. It was demonstrated that EOPs played very important roles in the pathogenesis of circulatory shock. Naloxone, naltrexone, and nalbuphine had positive effect on many types of shock, such as hemorrhagic and endotoxic shock. But these opioid antagonists are not highly selective for specific opioid receptor subtypes. Because they can act on μ-opioid receptors to affect the pain threshold of shock patients, their application has been greatly limited, especially for traumatic shock. To solve this issue, many laboratories studied the type of shock associated with opioid receptors, and attempted to use their specific receptor antagonists to treat them. Research showed thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a physiological opioid antagonist, and δ- and κ-opioid receptor antagonists ICI 174,864 and nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) have good beneficial effect on shock parameters without affecting the pain threshold of traumatic shock victims.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P.R.China

    Liangming Liu

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  1. Liangming Liu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Life Sciences/Toxicology, Alkermes, Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Reginald L. Dean III

  2. Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddleford, ME, 04005, USA

    Edward J. Bilsky

  3. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    S. Stevens Negus

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Liu, L. (2009). Opioid Antagonists in Traumatic Shock: Animal and Human Studies. In: Dean, R.L., Bilsky, E.J., Negus, S.S. (eds) Opiate Receptors and Antagonists. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-197-0_32

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