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Regulations and Costs of Biosolids Disposal and Reuse

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Book cover Biosolids Engineering and Management

Part of the book series: Handbook of Environmental Engineering ((HEE,volume 7))

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Abstract

In February 1993, United States federal standards for the use or disposal of biosolids (Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations [CFR], Part 503) were enacted. As required by the Clean Water Act Amendments, the United States Environmental Protection Agency developed a new regulation to protect public health and the environment from any reasonably anticipated adverse effects of certain pollutants that might be present in sewage sludge biosolids. This Part 503 rule established the requirements for the final use or disposal of sewage sludge (biosolids) when biosolids are applied to land to condition the soil or fertilize crops or other vegetation grown in the soil, placed on a surface disposal site for final disposal (landfill) or fired in a biosolids incinerator.

This chapter addresses the Part 503 rule and discusses its five subparts: general provisions, requirements for land application, surface disposal, pathogen and vector attraction reduction, and incineration. The chapter also covers the pollutant limits; total hydrocarbons, pathogen, and vector attraction reduction practices; general requirements and management; frequency of monitoring; record keeping and reporting requirements; and costs.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, Lenox, MA

    Nazih K. Shammas (Professor, Ex-Dean and Director, Advisor, Environmental Engineering Consultant) & Lawrence K. Wang (Dean and Director (retired), Assistant to the President (retired), Vice President (retired)

  2. Krofta Engineering Corporation, Lenox, MA

    Nazih K. Shammas (Professor, Ex-Dean and Director, Advisor, Environmental Engineering Consultant) & Lawrence K. Wang (Dean and Director (retired), Assistant to the President (retired), Vice President (retired)

  3. Zorex Corporation, Newtonville, NY

    Lawrence K. Wang (Dean and Director (retired), Assistant to the President (retired), Vice President (retired)

Authors
  1. Nazih K. Shammas
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  2. Lawrence K. Wang
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, 1 Dawn Drive, Latham, NY, 12110, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang PhD, PE, DEE (Dean & Director (retired), Assistant to the President, Vice President) (Dean & Director (retired), Assistant to the President, Vice President)

  2. Krofta Engineering Corporation, 1 Dawn Drive, Latham, NY, 12110, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang PhD, PE, DEE (Dean & Director (retired), Assistant to the President, Vice President) (Dean & Director (retired), Assistant to the President, Vice President)

  3. Zorex Corporation, 1 Dawn Drive, Latham, NY, 12110, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang PhD, PE, DEE (Dean & Director (retired), Assistant to the President, Vice President) (Dean & Director (retired), Assistant to the President, Vice President)

  4. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, 35 Flintstone Drive, Pittsfield, MA, 01201, USA

    Nazih K. Shammas PhD (Professor and Environmental Engineering Consultant Ex-Dean and Director, Advisor) (Professor and Environmental Engineering Consultant Ex-Dean and Director, Advisor)

  5. Krofta Engineering Corporation, 35 Flintstone Drive, Pittsfield, MA, 01201, USA

    Nazih K. Shammas PhD (Professor and Environmental Engineering Consultant Ex-Dean and Director, Advisor) (Professor and Environmental Engineering Consultant Ex-Dean and Director, Advisor)

  6. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, 16945 Deerfield Drive, Strongsville, OH, 44136, USA

    Yung-Tse Hung PhD, PE, DEE (Professor) (Professor)

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Shammas, N.K., Wang, L.K. (2008). Regulations and Costs of Biosolids Disposal and Reuse. In: Wang, L.K., Shammas, N.K., Hung, YT. (eds) Biosolids Engineering and Management. Handbook of Environmental Engineering, vol 7. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-174-1_6

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