Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Diabetic Kidney Disease in Transitional and Disadvantaged Populations

  • Chapter
The Diabetic Kidney

Part of the book series: Contemporary Diabetes ((CDI))

  • 1327 Accesses

Abstract

The International Diabetes Federation estimates that the number of people with diabetes worldwide is 171 million and projects that number will increase to 334 million by the year 2030 (1). Most of the increase will be the result of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and disadvantaged people and those from transitional populations—people undergoing rapid change in their economies, lifestyles, and health—will be affected disproportionately (Fig. 1). Transitional and disadvantaged populations may include people of any race or ethnicity, but those most at risk for T2DM are Asians, Pacific Islanders, Australian Aborigines, African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans. These particular populations are also at higher risk for developing diabetic nephropathy (DN). Factors contributing to the high rate of DN in these transitional and disadvantaged populations may include differences in access to health care, genetic susceptibility, and environmental exposures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004;27(5):1047–1053.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Caballero B, Rubinstein S. Environmental factors affecting nutritional status in urban areas of developing countries. Arch Latinoam Nutr 1997;47(2 Suppl 1):3–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kuhnlein HV, Receveur O. Dietary change and traditional food systems of indigenous peoples. Annu Rev Nutr 1996;16:417–442.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Gall MA, Hougaard P, Borch-Johnsen K, Parving HH. Risk factors for development of incipient and overt diabetic nephropathy in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: prospective, observational study. BMJ 1997;314:783–788.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. UK Prospective Diabetes Study. XII: Differences between Asian, Afro-Caribbean and white Caucasian type 2 diabetic patients at diagnosis of diabetes. Diabet Med 1994;11:670–677.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Young BA, Katon WJ, Von Korff M, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in microalbuminuria prevalence in a diabetes population: the pathways study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:219–228.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. U.S. Renal Data System. USRDS 2004 Annual Data Report: Atlas of End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Clark TJ, Richards NT, Adu D, Michael J. Increased prevalence of dialysis dependent renal failure in ethnic minorities in the West Midlands. Nephr Dial Transplant 1993;8:146–148.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lightstone L, Rees AJ, Tomson C, Walls J, Winearls CG, Feehally J. High incidence of end-stage renal disease in Indo-Asians in the UK. QJM 1995;88:191–195.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Chandie Shaw PK, Vandenbroucke JP, Tjandra YI, et al. Increased end-stage diabetic nephropathy in Indo-Asian immigrants living in the Netherlands. Diabetologia 2002;45:337–341.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Khebir BV, Osman A, Khalid BA. Changing prevalence of diabetes mellitus amongst rural Malays in Kuala Selangor over a 10-year period. Med J Malaysia 1996;51:41–47.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Hooi LS, Wong HS, Morad Z. Prevention of renal failure: The Malaysian experience. Kidney Int Suppl 2005;94:S70–S74.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Wu AY, Kong NC, de Leon FA, et al. MAPS Investigators. An alarmingly high prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in Asian type 2 diabetic patients: the Microalbuminuria Prevalence (MAP) Study. Diabetologia 2005;48:17–26.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Jones CA, Francis ME, Eberhardt MS, et al. Microalbuminuria in the US population: third national health and nutrition examination survey. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:445–459.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stewart JH, McCredie MR, McDonald SP. Incidence of end-stage renal disease in overseas-born, compared with Australian-born, non-indigenous Australians. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9:247–252.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Mau MK, West M, Sugihara J, Kamaka M, Mikami J, Cheng SF. Renal disease disparities in Asian and Pacific-based populations in Hawaii. J Natl Med Assoc 2003;95:955–963.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Varghese A, Deepa R, Rema M, Mohan V. Prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus at a diabetes centre in southern India. Postgrad Med J 2001;77:399–402.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Latha E, Vijay V, Viswanathan M. Rising prevalence of NIDDM in an urban population in India. Diabetologia 1997;40:232–237.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Mani MK. Experience with a program for prevention of chronic renal failure in India. Kidney Int Suppl 2005;(94):S75–S78.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ball S, Lloyd J, Cairns T, et al. Why is there so much end-stage renal failure of undetermined cause in UK Indo-Asians? QJM 2001;94:187–193.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Collins VR, Dowse GK, Finch CF, Zimmet PZ, Linnane AW. Prevalence and risk factors for microand macroalbuminuria in diabetic subjects and entire population of Nauru. Diabetes 1989;38:1602–1610.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Hodge AM, Dowse GK, Zimmet PZ. Microalbuminuria, cardiovascular risk factors, and insulin resistance in two populations with a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 1996;13:441–449.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Simmons D, Shaw LM, Scott DJ, Kenealy T, Scragg RK. Diabetic nephropathy and microalbuminuria in the community. The South Auckland Diabetes Survey. Diabet Care 1994;17:1404–1410.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Abidi SM, Negrete HO, Zahid I, Bennett PH, Nelson RG. Diabetic end-stager renal disease in the indigenous population of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana islands. Nephrology 2005;10:291–295.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Rowley KG, Iser DM, Best JD, O’Dea K, Leonard D, McDermott R. Albuminuria in Australian Aboriginal people: prevalence and associations with components of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetologia 2000;43:1397–1403.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. McGill MJ, Donnelly R, Molyneaux L, Yue DK. Ethnic differences in the prevalence of hypertension and proteinuria in NIDDM. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1996;33(3):173–179.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Cass A, Cunningham J, Snelling P, Wang Z, Hoy W. End-stage renal disease in indigenous Australians: a disease of disadvantage. Ethn Dis 2002;12:373–378.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Stewart JH, McCredie MR, McDonald SP. The incidence of treated end-stage renal disease in New Zealand Maori and Pacific Island people and in Indigenous Australians. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004;19:678–685.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kohler KA, McClellan WM, Ziemer DC, Kleinbaum DG, Boring JR. Risk factors for microalbuminuria in black Americans with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Am J Kidney Dis 2000;36:903–913.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Konen JC, Summerson JH, Bell RA. Abnormal urinary protein excretion in African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ethn Dis 1999;9(1):3–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Young BA, Katon WJ, Von Korff M, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in microalbuminuria prevalence in a diabetes population: the pathways study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:219–228.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Oli JM, Watkins PJ, Wild B, Adegoke OJ. Albuminuria in Afro-Caribbeans with type 2 diabetes mellitus: is the sickle cell trait a risk factor? Diabet Med 2004;21:483–486.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Flegal KM, Ezzati TM, Harris MI, et al. Prevalence of diabetes in Mexican Americans, Cubans, and Puerto Ricans from the Hispanic health and nutrition examination survey, 1982-1984. Diabetes Care 1991;14:628–638.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kuo YF, Raji MA, Markides KS, Ray LA, Espino DV, Goodwin JS. Inconsistent use of diabetes medications, diabetes complications, and mortality in older Mexican Americans over a 7-year period: data from the Hispanic established population for the epidemiologic study of the elderly. Diabetes Care 2003;26:3054–3060.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo Perez B, et al. Nephropathy in low income diabetics: the Mexico City diabetes study. Arch Med Res 1996;27:367–372.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Narva AS. Kidney disease in Native Americans. J Natl Med Assoc 2002;94:738–742.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Nelson RG, Morgenstern H, Bennett PH. Intrauterine diabetes exposure and the risk of renal disease in diabetic Pima Indians. Diabetes 1998;47:1489–1493.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Burrows NR, Narva AS, Geiss LS, Engelgau MM, Acton KJ. End-stage renal disease due to diabetes among southwestern American Indians, 1990-2001. Diabetes Care 2005;28:1041–1044.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Phipps K, Barker DJ, Hales CN, Fall CH, Osmond C, Clark PM. Fetal growth and impaired glucose tolerance in men and women. Diabetologia 1993;36:225–228.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Hales CN, Barker DJ, Clark PM, et al. Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance at age 64. BMJ 1991;303:1019–1022.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Barker DJ, Hales CN, Fall CH, Osmond C, Phipps K, Clark PM. Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth. Diabetologia 1993;36:62–67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Lopes AA, Port FK. Differences in the patterns of age-specific black/white comparisons between end-stage renal disease attributed and not attributed to diabetes. Am J Kidney Dis 1995;25:714–721.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Nelson RG, Morgenstern H, Bennett PH. Birth weight and renal disease in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol 1998;148:650–656.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. de Onis M, Blossner M, Villar J. Levels and patterns of intrauterine growth retardation in developing countries. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998;52Suppl. (1):S5–S15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Lemley KV. A basis for accelerated progression of diabetic nephropathy in Pima Indians. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S38–S42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Singh GR, Hoy WE. Kidney volume, blood pressure, and albuminuria: findings in an Australian aboriginal community. Am J Kidney Dis 2004;43:254–259.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Young RJ, Hoy WE, Kincaid-Smith P, Seymour AE, Bertram JF. Glomerular size and glomerulosclerosis in Australian aborigines. Am J Kidney Dis 2000;36:481–489.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Bertram JF, Young RJ, Seymour AE, Kincaid-Smith P, Hoy W. Glomerulomegaly in Australian Aborigines. Nephrology 1998;4:S46–S53.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Schmidt K, Pesce C, Liu Q, et al. Large glomerular size in Pima Indians: lack of change with diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 1992;3:229–235.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Pagtalunan ME, Miller PL, Jumping-Eagle S, et al. Podocyte loss and progressive glomerular injury in type II diabetes. J Clin Invest 1997;99:342–348.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Amri K, Freund N, Vilar J, Merlet-Benichou C, Lelievre-Pegorier M. Adverse effects of hyperglycemia on kidney development in rats: in vivo and in vitro studies. Diabetes 1999;48:2240–2245.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Dabelea D, Pettitt DJ. Intrauterine diabetic environment confers risks for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in the offspring, in addition to genetic susceptibility. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2001;14:1085–1091.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Nelson RG. Intrauterine determinants of diabetic kidney disease in disadvantaged populations. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S13–S16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Merlet-Benichou C. Influence of fetal environment on kidney development. Int J Dev Biol 1999;43:453–456.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Thomas M. Antecedents of renal disease in Aborigines. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(4):S113–S116.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Moore L, Lloyd MS, Puglsey D, Seymour AE. Renal disease in the Australian Aboriginal population: a pathological study. Nephrology 1996;2:315–321.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Thomas M. Kidney disease in Australian Aboriginals: time for decisive action. MJA 1998;168:532–533.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Yaqoob M, Patrick AW, McClelland P, et al. Occupational hydrocarbon exposure and diabetic nephropathy. Diabet Med 1994;11:789–793.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Tsaih SW, Korrick S, Schwartz J, et al. Lead, diabetes, hypertension, and renal function: the normative aging study. Environ Health Perspect 2004;112:1178–1182.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Biesenbach G, Grafinger P, Janko O, Zazgornik J. Influence of cigarette-smoking on the progression of clinical diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Clin Nephrol 1997;48:146–150.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Orth SR, Stockmann A, Conradt C, et al. Smoking as a risk factor for end-stage renal failure in men with primary renal disease. Kidney Int 1998;54:926–931.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Muhlhauser I. Cigarette smoking and diabetes: an update. Diabet Med 1994;11:336–343.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. da Costa e Silva VL, Koifman S. Smoking in Latin America: a major public health problem. Cad Saude Publica 1998;14(3):99–108.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Kohler KA, McClellan WM, Ziemer DC, Kleinbaum DG, Boring JR. Smoking and microalbuminuria: a case-control study in African-Americans with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002;25:243–245.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Barbeau EM, Wolin KY, Naumova EN, Balbach E. Tobacco advertising in communities: associations with race and class. Prev Med 2005;40:16–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Perkins JJ, Sanson-Fisher RW, Blunden S, Lunnay D, Redman S, Hensley MJ. The prevalence of drug use in urban aboriginal communities. Addiction 1994;89:1319–1331.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Chen X, Li X, Stanton B, et al. Cigarette smoking among rural-to-urban migrants in Beijing, China. Prev Med 2004;39:666–673.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Vinitha R, et al. Prevalence of overweight in urban Indian adolescent school children. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2002;57:185–190.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Pazmino PA, Pazmino AK. Diabetic renal failure in Texas: influence of ethnicity and household income. Tex Med 2003;99:57–65.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Brancati FL, Whelton PK, Kuller LH, Klag MJ. Diabetes mellitus, race, and socioeconomic status. A population-based study. Ann Epidemiol 1996;6:67–73.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Eifler CW. Effects of acculturation and socioeconomic status on obesity and diabetes in Mexican Americans. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128:1289–1301.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC, et al. Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U.S. adults. The third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988-1994. Diabetes Care 1998;21:518–524.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Kuo YF, Raji MA, Markides KS, Ray LA, Espino DV, Goodwin JS. Inconsistent use of diabetes medications, diabetes complications, and mortality in older Mexican Americans over a 7-year period: data from the Hispanic established population for the epidemiologic study of the elderly. Diabetes Care 2003;26:3054–3060.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Kasiske BL, Rith-Najarian S, Casper ML, Croft JB. American Indian heritage and risk factors for renal injury. Kidney Int 1998;54:1305–1310.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Krop JS, Coresh J, Chambless LE, et al. A community-based study of explanatory factors for the excess risk for early renal function decline in blacks vs whites with diabetes: the Atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1777–1783.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Shobhana R, Begum R, Snehalatha C, Vijay V, Ramachandran A. Patients’ adherence to diabetes treatment. J Assoc Physicians India 1999;47:1173–1175.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Ad Hoc Committee on Health Literacy for the Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association. Health Literacy: Report of the council on scientific affairs. JAMA 1999;281:552–557.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Georges CA, Bolton LB, Bennett C. Functional health literacy: an issue in African-American and other ethnic and racial communities. J Natl Black Nurses Assoc 2004;15:1–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Schillinger D, Bindman A, Wang F, Stewart A, Piette J. Functional health literacy and the quality of physician-patient communication among diabetes patients. Patient Educ Couns 2004;52:315–323.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Larkey LK, Hecht ML, Miller K, Alatorre C. Hispanic cultural norms for health-seeking behaviors in the face of symptoms. Health Educ Behav 2001;28:65–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Rosen AB, Karter AJ, Liu JY, Selby JV, Schneider EC. Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in high-risk clinical and ethnic groups with diabetes. J Gen Int Med 2004;19:669–675.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Karter AJ, Ferrara A, Liu JY, Moffet HH, Ackerson LM, Selby JV. Ethnic disparities in diabetic complications in an insured population. JAMA 2002;287:2519–2527. Erratum in: JAMA 2002;288:46.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Hebert LA, Kusek JW, Greene T, et al. Effects of blood pressure control on progressive renal disease in blacks and whites. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Hypertension 1997;30(3 Part 1):428–435.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Nosadini R, Velussi M, Brocco E, et al. Course of renal function in type 2 diabetic patients with abnormalities of albumin excretion rate. Diabetes 2000;49:476–484.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Earle KK, Porter KA, Ostberg J, Yudkin JS. Variation in the progression of diabetic nephropathy according to racial origin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:286–290.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Hoy W, McDonald SP. Albuminuria: marker or target in indigenous populations. Kidney Int Suppl 2004;92:S25–S31.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Jones CA, Francis ME, Eberhardt MS, et al. Microalbuminuria in the US population: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:445–459.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Gerstein HC, Mann JF, Yi Q, et al. Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. JAMA 2001;286:421–426.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Palmieri V, Tracy RP, Roman MJ, et al. Strong Heart Study. Relation of left ventricular hypertrophy to inflammation and albuminuria in adults with type 2 diabetes: the strong heart study. Diabetes Care 2003;26:2764–2769.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Health disparities experienced by black or African Americans-United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2005;54:1–3.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Abbott KC, Hypolite I, Welch PG, Agodoa LY. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated nephropathy at end-stage renal disease in the United States: patient characteristics and survival in the pre highly active antiretroviral therapy era. J Nephrol 2001;14:377–383.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Currie BJ, Carapetis JR. Skin infections and infestations in Aboriginal communities in northern Australia. Australas J Dermatol 2000;41:139–143.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Thomas M. Deprivation and dialysis: pathways to kidney failure in Australian Aborigines. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2005;12:84–87.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Haas M. Postinfectious glomerulonephritis complicating diabetic nephropathy: a frequent association, but how clinically important? Hum Pathol 2003;34:1225–1227.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Thuluvath PJ, John PR. Association between hepatitis C, diabetes mellitus, and race. a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:438–441.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. el-Zayadi AR, Selim OE, Hamdy H, Dabbous H, Ahdy A, Moniem SA. Association of chronic hepatitis C infection and diabetes mellitus. Trop Gastroenterol 1998;19:141–144.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Knobler H, Schattner A. TNF-alpha, chronic hepatitis C and diabetes: a novel triad. QJM 2005;98:1–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Gray H, Wreghitt T, Stratton IM, Alexander GJ, Turner RC, O’Rahilly S. High prevalence of hepatitis C infection in Afro-Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes and abnormal liver function tests. Diabet Med 1995;12:244–249.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Wilson C. Hepatitis C infection and type 2 diabetes in American-Indian women. Diabetes Care 2004;27:2116–2119.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Liangpunsakul S, Chalasani N. Relationship between hepatitis C and microalbuminuria: results from the NHANES III. Kidney Int 2005;67:285–290.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Crook ED, Patel SR. Diabetic nephropathy in African-American patients. Curr Diab Rep 2004;4:455–461.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002;346:393–403.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Macaulay AC, Paradis G, Potvin L, et al. The Kahnawake schools diabetes prevention project: intervention, evaluation, and baseline results of a diabetes primary prevention program with a native community in Canada. Prev Med 1997;26:779–790.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Paradis G, Levesque L, Macaulay AC, et al. Impact of a diabetes prevention program on body size, physical activity, and diet among Kanien’keha:ka (Mohawk) children 6 to 11 years old: 8-year results from the Kahnawake schools diabetes prevention project. Pediatrics 2005;115:333–339.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Devanesen D, Intersectoral action for Aboriginal primary health care. Paper presented at AAHPP and PHA (HPSIG) Ninth national health promotion conference. People, places and programs: exploring better practice in health promotion for diverse Populations. 18029, The Baufort Hotel, Darwin. Subsequently published at http://www.nt.gov.au/health/pdf/Intersec.%20Action.pdf

  106. Irish A, Warr K, Snelling P. Foreword from the organisers. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(Suppl 4):S107,S108.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Cass A, Lowell A, Christie M, et al. Sharing the true stories: improving communication between Aboriginal patients and healthcare workers. Med J Aust 2002;176:466–470.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. O’Hare JP, Raymond NT, Mughal S, et al. Evaluation of delivery of enhanced diabetes care to patients of South Asian ethnicity: the United Kingdom Asian diabetes study (UKADS). Diabet Med 2004;21:1357–1365.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Schieppati A, Perico N, Remuzzi G. Preventing end-stage renal disease: the potential impact of screening and intervention in developing countries. Kidney Int 2003;63:1948–1950.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Plata R, Silva C, Yahuita J, Perez L, Schieppati A, Remuzzi G. The first clinical and epidemiological programme on renal disease in Bolivia: a model for prevention and early diagnosis of renal diseases in the developing countries. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13:3034–3036.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. National Kidney Foundation. Kidney Early Evaluation Program. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45(2 Suppl 2):S1–S135.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Hoy WE, Baker PR, Kelly AM, Wang Z. Reducing premature death and renal failure in Australian aboriginals. A community-based cardiovascular and renal protective program. Med J Aust 2000;172:473–478.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Hoy WE, Wang Z, Baker PR, Kelly AM. Secondary prevention of renal and cardiovascular disease: results of a renal and cardiovascular treatment program in an Australian aboriginal community. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003;14(7 Suppl 2):S178–S185.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Hoy WE, Wang Z, Baker PR, Kelly AM. Reduction in natural death and renal failure from a systematic screening and treatment program in an Australian Aboriginal community. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S66–S73.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Frimat L, Loos-Ayav C, Panescu V, Cordebar N, Briancon S, Kessler M. Early referral to a nephrologist is associated with better outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients with end-stage renal disease. Diabetes Metab 2004;30:67–74.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Ifudu O, Friedman EA. Managing chronic renal insufficiency-intertwined roles of non-nephrologist and nephrologist. J Natl Med Assoc 2003;95:43–54.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. O’Sullivan C, Brady SJ, Lawton PD, Love CM. Everybody’s business. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(Suppl 4):S117–S120.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D, et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2001;345:861–869.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2001;345:851–860.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Chan JC, Wat NM, So WY, et al. Renin angiotensin aldosterone system blockade and renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. An Asian perspective from the RENAAL Study. Diabetes Care 2004;27:874–879.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Reddy KS. Cardiovascular diseases in the developing countries: dimensions, determinants, dynamics and directions for public health action. Public Health Nutr 2002;5:231–237.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Gaede P, Vedel P, Larsen N, Jensen GV, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2003;348:383–393.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Zatz R, Romao JE, Jr, Noronha IL. Nephrology in Latin America, with special emphasis on Brazil. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S131–S134.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Bamgboye EL. Hemodialysis: management problems in developing countries, with Nigeria as a surrogate. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S93–S95.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Naicker S. End-stage renal disease in sub-Saharan and South Africa. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S119–S122.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. De Vecchi AF, Dratwa M, Wiedemann ME. Healthcare systems and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) therapies-an international review: costs and reimbursement/funding of ESRD therapies. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999;14(Suppl 6):31–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Villarba A, Warr K. Home haemodialysis in remote Australia. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(Suppl 4):S134–S137.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Cass A, Cunningham J, Wang Z, Hoy W. Regional variation in the incidence of end-stage renal disease in Indigenous Australians. Med J Aust 2001;175:24–27.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Kneipp E, Murray R, Warr K, Fitzclarence C, Wearne M, Maguire G. Bring me home: renal dialysis in the Kimberley. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(4):S121–S125.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Carruthers D, Warr K. Supporting peritoneal dialysis in remote Australia. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(4):S129–S133.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Lim WH. Is there a role for peritoneal dialysis in remote aboriginal patients with end-stage renal disease in Australia? Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9(4):S126–S128.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Tonelli M, Hemmelgarn B, Manns B, et al. Use and outcomes of peritoneal dialysis among Aboriginal people in Canada. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:482–488.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Feldman HI, Klag MJ, Chiapella AP, Whelton PK. End-stage renal disease in US minority groups. Am J Kidney Dis 1992;19:397–410.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Ifudu O, Dawood M, Iofel Y, Valcourt JS, Friedman EA. Delayed referral of black, Hispanic, and older patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 1999;33:728–733.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Kausz AT, Obrador GT, Arora P, Ruthazer R, Levey AS, Pereira BJ. Late initiation of dialysis among women and ethnic minorities in the United States. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000;11:2351–2357.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Owen WF, Jr, Chertow GM, Lazarus JM, Lowrie EG. Dose of hemodialysis and survival: differences by race and sex. JAMA 1998;280:1764–1768.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Eknoyan G, Beck GJ, Cheung AK, et al. Effect of dialysis dose and membrane flux in maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 2002;347(25):2010–2019.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Mesler DE, Byrne-Logan S, McCarthy EP, Ash AS, Moskowitz MA. How much better can we predict dialysis patient survival using clinical data? Health Serv Res 1999;34(1 Part 2):365–375.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Prasad S, Singh S, Duncan N, et al. Ethnicity and survival on dialysis in west London. Kidney Int 2004;66:2416–2421.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Parekh RS, Zhang L, Fivush BA, Klag MJ. Incidence of atherosclerosis by race in the dialysis morbidity and mortality study: a sample of the US ESRD population. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:1420–1426

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Murthy BV, Molony DA, Stack AG. Survival advantage of Hispanic patients initiating dialysis in the United States is modified by race. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:782–790.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Nelson RG, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Survival during renal replacement therapy for diabetic end-stage renal disease in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1996;19:1333–1337.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Frankenfield DL, Ramirez SP, McClellan WM, Frederick PR, Rocco MV. Differences in intermediate outcomes for Asian and non-Asian adult hemodialysis patients in the United States. Kidney Int 2003;64:623–631.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. Dyck RF, Tan L. Rates and outcomes of diabetic end-stage renal disease among registered native people in Saskatchewan. Canadian Med Assoc J 1994;150:203–208.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. McDonald SP, Russ GR. Current incidence, treatment patterns and outcome of end-stage renal disease among indigenous groups in Australia and New Zealand. Nephrology 2003;8:42–48.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Gadegbeku C, Freeman M, Agodoa L. Racial disparities in renal replacement therapy. J Natl Med Assoc 2002;94(8):45S–54S. Diabetic Kidney Disease in Special Populations 399

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Sequist TD, Narva AS, Stiles SK, Karp SK, Cass A, Ayanian JZ. Access to renal transplantation among American Indians and Hispanics. Am J Kidney Dis 2004;44:344–352.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Ayanian JZ, Cleary PD, Weissman JS, Epstein AM. The effect of patients’ preferences on racial differences in access to renal transplantation. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1661–1669.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Alexander GC, Sehgal AR. Barriers to cadaveric renal transplantation among blacks, women, and the poor. JAMA 1998;280:1148–1152.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Epstein AM, Ayanian JZ, Keogh JH, et al. Racial disparities in access to renal transplantation-clinically appropriate or due to underuse or overuse? N Engl J Med 2000;343:1537–1544.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Young CJ, Gaston RS. Renal transplantation in black Americans. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1545–1552.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Jeffrey RF, Woodrow G, Mahler J, Johnson R, Newstead CG. Indo-Asian experience of renal transplantation in Yorkshire: results of a 10-year survey. Transplantation 2002;73:1652–1657.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Rizvi SA, Naqvi SA, Hussain Z, et al. Renal transplantation in developing countries. Kidney Int Suppl 2003;83:S96–S100.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Mitch WE. Treating diabetic nephropathy-are there only economic issues? N Engl J Med 2004;351:1934–1936.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Dirks JH. The drumbeat of renal failure: symbiosis of prevention and renal replacement therapy. Blood Purif 2004;22:6–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. Schieppati A, Perico N, Remuzzi G. Preventing end-stage renal disease: the potential impact of screening and intervention in developing countries. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:858–859.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Lysaght MJ. Maintenance dialysis population dynamics: current trends and long-term implications. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13(1):S37–S40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Trivedi HS, Pang MM, Campbell A, Saab P. Slowing the progression of chronic renal failure: economic benefits and patients’ perspectives. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:721–729.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Phoenix Epidemiological and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ

    E. Jennifer Weil MD & Robert G. Nelson MD, PhD

Authors
  1. E. Jennifer Weil MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Robert G. Nelson MD, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI

    Pedro Cortes MD

  2. Department of Internal Medicine M (Diabetes and Endocrinology), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

    Carl Erik Mogensen MD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Weil, E.J., Nelson, R.G. (2006). Diabetic Kidney Disease in Transitional and Disadvantaged Populations. In: Cortes, P., Mogensen, C.E. (eds) The Diabetic Kidney. Contemporary Diabetes. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-153-6_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-153-6_22

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-624-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-153-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation